Thanksgiving Day in America is a time to offer thanks，of family gatherings and holiday meals. A time of turkeys，stuffing，and pumpkin pie. A time for Indian corn，holiday parades and giant balloons.

　　在美國(guó)，感恩節(jié)是一個(gè)感謝恩賜，家庭團(tuán)聚，合家歡宴的日子；是一個(gè)家家餐桌上都有火雞、填料、南瓜餡餅的日子；是一個(gè)充滿了印第安玉米、假日游行和巨型氣球的日子。

　　Thanksgiving is celebrated on the 4th Thursday of November，which this year（2005）is November 24th.

　　每年十一月的最后一個(gè)星期四是感恩節(jié)，在今年（2005）則是11月24日。下面讓我們來(lái)看看感恩節(jié)的由來(lái)吧：

　　The Pilgrims who sailed to this country aboard the Mayflower were originally members of the English Separatist Church（a Puritan sect）。They had earlier fled their home in England and sailed to Holland（The Netherlands）to escape religious persecution. There，they enjoyed more religious tolerance，but they eventually became disenchanted with the Dutch way of life，thinking it ungodly. Seeking a better life，the Separatists negotiated with a London stock company to finance a pilgrimage to America. Most of those making the trip aboard the Mayflower were non-Separatists，but were hired to protect the company‘s interests. Only about one-third of the original colonists were Separatists.乘“五月花”來(lái)到這個(gè)國(guó)度的旅行者（朝圣者）原本是英國(guó)分離者地下教會(huì)清教徒，他們的家在英國(guó)，因不堪忍受國(guó)內(nèi)的宗教迫害，他們逃亡到荷蘭。在荷蘭，他們享受了更多的宗教信仰自由，但最終卻意識(shí)到在荷蘭的這種生活方式是對(duì)他們的主的褻瀆。為了尋求更好的生活，他們與倫敦貿(mào)易公司協(xié)商，由該公司資助他們到美國(guó)。在這趟旅途中，船上只有大約1/3的乘客是清教徒，其他大多數(shù)人并非分離派清教徒，而是公司雇傭來(lái)保護(hù)其利益的人員（契約奴）。

　　The Pilgrims set ground at Plymouth Rock on December 11，1620. Their first winter was devastating. At the beginning of the following fall，they had lost 46 of the original 102 who sailed on the Mayflower. But the harvest of 1621 was a bountiful one. And the remaining colonists decided to celebrate with a feast――including 91 Indians who had helped the Pilgrims survive their first year. It is believed that the Pilgrims would not have made it through the year without the help of the natives. The feast was more of a traditional English harvest festival than a true“thanksgiving”observance. It lasted three days.

　　1620年12月11日，旅行者們?cè)凇捌绽┧故钡顷?。他們的第一個(gè)冬季是災(zāi)難性的，第二年秋天來(lái)臨時(shí)，原來(lái)的102名乘客只剩下56人。但1621年他們獲得了大豐收，這些幸存的殖民者們決定和幫助他們度過(guò)困難的91名印第安人一起饗宴慶祝。他們相信，若沒(méi)有當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦膸椭?，他們是不可能度過(guò)這一年的。這次節(jié)日的盛宴不僅僅是一個(gè)“感恩”儀式，它更像英國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的豐收慶典。慶典持續(xù)了三天。

　　Governor William Bradford sent“four men fowling”after wild ducks and geese. It is not certain that wild turkey was part of their feast. However，it is certain that they had venison. The term“turkey”was used by the Pilgrims to mean any sort of wild fowl.

　　總督布雷德福派了“四人捕鳥隊(duì)”去捕捉野鴨和野鵝。我們現(xiàn)在并不能確定是否有野生火雞在當(dāng)時(shí)的筵席上，但筵席上肯定有鹿肉。當(dāng)時(shí)，朝圣者用“火雞”一詞來(lái)代表各種野禽。

　　Another modern staple at almost every Thanksgiving table is pumpkin pie. But it is unlikely that the first feast included that treat. The supply of flour had been long diminished，so there was no bread or pastries of any kind. However，they did eat boiled pumpkin，and they produced a type of fried bread from their corn crop. There was also no milk，cider，potatoes，or butter. There was no domestic cattle for dairy products，and the newly-discovered potato was still considered by many Europeans to be poisonous. But the feast did include fish，berries，watercress，lobster，dried fruit，clams，venison，and plums.

　　現(xiàn)在，幾乎每家感恩節(jié)餐桌上都有南瓜餡餅

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