1. 生活化細(xì)節(jié)聯(lián)想法

　　針對(duì)大多數(shù)相對(duì)抽象不好下手的作文題目，我們可以先把作文題同自身聯(lián)系到一起，把抽象、概括的作文題細(xì)化到自己身邊，先打開(kāi)一個(gè)突破口，再順藤摸瓜，進(jìn)行發(fā)散式聯(lián)想。請(qǐng)看例子：

　　What are your opinions about the advantages and disadvantages of fast food?

　　題目的主體是快餐，方向?yàn)槔滋帯Ｏ炔灰紤]快餐是好是壞，而應(yīng)該先考慮你身邊的、你知道的快餐究竟有哪些，這些快餐給你或你的家人帶來(lái)了哪些影響。請(qǐng)看一位同學(xué)記錄下來(lái)的思路。請(qǐng)注意其跳躍性。

　　2. 逆向思維聯(lián)想法

　　有一些題目從正面不好羅列素材，總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)，我們可以從命題的對(duì)立面去思考問(wèn)題，這樣往往可以達(dá)到意想不到的收獲。如果問(wèn)題是一個(gè)東西有什么樣的好處，也許這個(gè)東西是日常生活中常見(jiàn)的東西，我們?cè)缫褜?duì)其失去了敏感，這個(gè)時(shí)候不妨想一想如果失去了這個(gè)東西，我們的生活會(huì)受到哪些影響。試舉一例：

　　In 1995, an Englishman killed a burglar who broke into his house. He was sentenced. Do you think he should be sentenced? How can we protect our property?

　　文章的關(guān)鍵在于How can we protect our properties?

　　3.分類思考法

　　為了盡快地幫助同學(xué)們?cè)诒M可能短的時(shí)間里熟悉四級(jí)作文的命題思路，以及在短時(shí)間內(nèi)能夠找到合適的論述理由，我們通過(guò)分析歷年四級(jí)考試真題并研究了命題方向，在此基礎(chǔ)上總結(jié)了四級(jí)作文通用的十大思考方向，很多題目要求考生分析某一現(xiàn)象發(fā)生原因或可能產(chǎn)生的影響，我們不妨從以下十個(gè)方向進(jìn)行思考，打開(kāi)思路：

　　1) 方便：convenient, convenience

　　相關(guān)話題：computer, internet，出外吃飯，電話，城市生活，例如：

　　The Internet is far more convenient and efficient than the written word or other conventional means of conveying meaning.

　　Advertisements can bring convenience to people’s lives.

　　Modern means of transportation make it very convenient for people to travel far or near, thus saving a lot of time and energy.

　　2) 效率：efficient, efficiently, efficiency

　　相關(guān)話題：計(jì)算機(jī)和高科技(high-tech devices)減輕了體力勞動(dòng)(manual labor)，解放了人類(liberate humans)，讓人們有更多的時(shí)間從事其他的事情(more time are spent on other necessary matters)等，例如：

　　Advertisements build an efficient and direct link between manufacturers and customers.

　　Modern science and technology make our lives more efficient. A phone call, an e-mail or a fax can all bring people closer and make the world smaller.

　　3) 節(jié)省和浪費(fèi)：save time, save money, save space, economical, frugal, frugality; thrift, thrifty waste timemoneyspace, costly, time-consuming, lavish, 例如：

　　This will help them realize that it is not easy to make money and form the good habit of frugality.

　　There are many other ways for people to know commodities, so it is a waste to invest large sums of money in making advertisements on TV.

　　As for the young and middle-aged, they should make better use of their prime years instead of spending so much time raising pets.

　　It’s a costly and time-consuming hobby. China is a developing country and many people are still below the poverty line. Some children of the right age in poverty-stricken areas can’t afford to go to school.

　　… will be great extravagance of time, energy and money.

　　4) 心理與性格：mental health, spiritual health, psychological health, personality, character

　　好的性格 independent, independence, independently, cooperate, cooperative, cooperation, compete, competitive, competition, team spirit, considerate, confident, confidence, confidently, ambition, ambitious, individuality, tolerance, sociable, perseverance, deal with/solve problems by themselves (independent), optimistic

　　壞的性格 overbearing(專橫的，傲慢的), selfish, conservative, isolated, conceited(自以為是的), egotistic(自我本位的), arrogant, domineering(作威作福的)，overzealous(過(guò)分熱心的)，nihilist(虛無(wú)主義的)，opportunistic(機(jī)會(huì)主義的)，pessimistic

　　性格的養(yǎng)成：cultivate, foster, develop, encourage, enrich, improve, enhance

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