第一節 列舉利弊

　　套路1

　　Nowadays, with the rapid development of ______________________________（某一方面），（所要討論的主題）are playing a significant part in our daily life and work. ______________________________________________________________________________________（進一步說明其作用） I can't imagine what will happen if we suddenly lose them. But merits and demerits usually exist together.

　　Generally, the strong points can be listed as follows. First, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第一個好處） Secondly,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第二個好處）

　　But advantages usually go hand in hand with disadvantages. For example, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第一個壞處） Even worse, ________________________________________________________________________________________________（第二個壞處）

　　To conclude, whether favorable or unfavorable, the trend that ________________（所討論的主題）are becoming more and more popular is irreversible in at least a few years/decades ahead. Therefore, some steps should be taken to reduce their weak points to a minimum.

　　習作：

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Cell Phones

　　Nowadays, with the rapid development of society and technology, cell phones are playing a significant part in our daily life and work. They have become our important tools to communicate with each other. I can't imagine what will happen if we suddenly lose them. But merits and demerits usually exist together.

　　Generally, the strong points can be listed as follows. First, it is convenient for people to contact each other by phone. Whenever it is and wherever you are, you can communicate with the person you want to talk to. If you want to save money, you can also send short messages toachieve the same purpose. Secondly, thanks to cell phones, we don't have to look for phone boxes everywhere; thus much time can be saved. We don'tneed to worry whether we can respond to our friends immediately.

　　But advantages usually go hand in hand with disadvantages. For example, we sometimes lose freedom and our leisure time because of its ring. Every time we are out on vacation the ring will disturb us. Even worse, when we use cell phones, we can't avoid being exposed to the radiation from them. It is harmful to our health for the frequent exposition will cause brain cancer.

　　To conclude, whether favorable or unfavorable, the trend that cell phones are becoming more and more popular is irreversible in at least a few decades ahead. Therefore, some steps should be taken to reduce their weak points to a minimum.

　　套路2

　　It is difficult to escape the influence of ____________ （所討論的主題）. If you fit the statistical averages, _______________________________________________________________（對此所耗費的時間或精力) . But like everything else, Internet is a mixed blessing.

　　Generally, the merits of ____________ （所討論的主題）can be listed as follows. First, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第一個好處）What's more, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第二個好處）

　　Most important of all, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第三個好處）

　　However, advantages usually go hand in hand with disadvantages. Firstly, we cannot turn a blind eye to ______________________________________________________________________________________________（第一個壞處）Besides, we cannot turn a deaf ear to _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第二個壞處）

　　Now the conclusion is self-evident. The benefits of ________________（所討論的主題） outweigh their dangers. Actually, whether helpful or harmful, the trend that Internet will exert an important influence on our ways of thinking and life styles cannot be stopped. We need to make full use of the merits of ________________（所討論的主題） and minimize their demerits.

　　習作

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Internet

　　It is difficult to escape the influence of Internet. If you fit the statistical averages, you spend about two hours a day surfing on Internet. It seems that Internet enriches our daily life. But like everything else, Internet is a mixed blessing.

　　Generally, the merits of Internet can be listed as follows. First, with Internet, we can be well informed of what has happened home and abroad and thus our horizons are broadened. What's more, Internet serves people and corporations well. There is a trend that more and more people go shopping online instead of going to shops. Also, many large corporations are doing business through Internet and this saves them much time and effort needed when they do business in traditional ways. Most important of all, Internet has shortened the distance between people. It is not a dream that the world is becoming a global village. We can communicate by email or chat online.

　　However, advantages usually go hand in hand with disadvantages. Firstly, we cannot turn a blind eye to the viruses that often make a bad impact on our computers' systems. Besides, we cannot turn a deaf ear to the fact that many hackers intrude upon our financial and personal information on Internet.

　　Now the conclusion is self-evident. The benefits of Internet outweigh its dangers. Actually, whether helpful or harmful, the trend that Internet will exert an important influence on our ways of thinking and life styles cannot be stopped. We need to make full use of the merits of Internet and minimize their demerits.

　　套路3

　　If you are a careful observer, you can find that _______________________________________________________________________________（現象） But like everything else, contact lenses are a mixed blessing.

　　Generally, the merits of contact lenses can be listed as follows: First of all, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第一個好處）Second, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第二個好處） Most important of all, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第三個好處）However, advantages usually go hand in hand with disadvantages. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第一個壞處）

　　Nevertheless, whether helpful or harmful, the trend that _______________________________________________________________（趨勢） cannot be stopped. Therefore, we should make good use of ________________（所討論的主題） and reduce their ill effects to a minimum. It is highly suggested that ___________________________________________________________________________________________________（建議）

　　習作

Contact Lenses and Eye Health

　　If you are a careful observer, you can find that more and more people use contact lenses. But like everything else, contact lenses are a mixed blessing.

　　Generally, the merits of contact lenses can be listed as follows: First of all, contact lenses can eliminate the limitation of common eyeglasses. They can give you a wider and clearer view. Second, contact lenses are not easily dirtied. So you don't need to wipe your lens as often as you do to usual eyeglasses. Most important of all, contact lenses make lots of myopic people more beautiful and confident. I think it is the main reason that more and more people choose to wear contact lenses. Contact Lenses give some convenience to myopic people.

　　However, advantages usually go hand in hand with disadvantages. After all, contact lenses are foreign objects in your eyes. Though they are supposed to be disinfected, discomfort is frequently reported. Many ophthalmic doctors indicate wearing contact lenses is not good to eyes.

　　Nevertheless, whether helpful or harmful, the trend that more and more people would like to wear contact lenses cannot be stopped. Therefore, we should make good use of contact lenses and reduce their ill effects to a minimum. It is highly suggested that you wear contact lenses outside and common eyeglasses at home.

　　套路4

　　Nowadays,_______________________________________________________________________________（現象） However, like everything else, ________________（所討論的主題） have both plus and minus sides.

　　Generally speaking, the positive aspects of ________________（所討論的主題） can be listed as follows. Firstly, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第一個好處） In addition, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第二個好處）The biggest function of ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第三個好處）

　　Now let's look at the reverse side of the medal. First, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第一個壞處） Even worse, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第二個壞處）Actually, whether good or bad, the trend that _________________________________________（趨勢） is irreversible. But it should be noted that something should be done to conform to this trend and to reduce the disadvantages to a minimum.

　　習作

Air Conditioners

　　Nowadays, air conditioners are installed in almost all households. However, like everything else, air conditioners have both plus and minus sides.

　　Generally speaking, the positive aspects of air conditioners can be listed as follows. Firstly, an air conditioner is an effective machine to dry a room. Sometimes, as the weather is bad, the air in our working place or living place is wet. We will feel uncomfortable. Things such as clothes and furniture will go moldy. We can use air conditioners to give off vapor. In addition, they can make rooms warm in winter. When the temperature goes down, people will feel freezing cold. Our bodies become numb. We cannot work efficiently. An air conditioner can increase the indoor temperature, enabling us to work or rest comfortably. The biggest function of air conditioners is lowering the indoor temperature in summer. People are restless on a sweltering day. Air conditioners can make them cool.

　　Now let's look at the reverse side of the medal. First, if we stay in an air-conditioned working place for a long time, we will have a headache. It's harmful to our health. Even worse, people will suffer from air-conditioner sickness, especially in summer. The temperature difference indoors and outdoors is big. We cannot adjust our bodies to different temperatures in a short time.

　　Actually, whether good or bad, the trend that we are more and more dependent on air conditioners is irreversible. But it should be noted that something should be done to conform to this trend and to reduce the disadvantages to a minimum.

　　套路5

_______________________________________________________________________________（現象） As every coin has two sides, ________________（所討論的主題） is no exception.

　　Generally speaking, ________________（所討論的主題） has many advantages. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第一個好處） Besides, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第二個好處）

　　While we are talking about the advantages of ________________（所討論的主題）, we cannot ignore its disadvantages. To begin with, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第一個壞處）

　　To make matters worse, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第二個壞處）Worst of all, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（第三個壞處）

　　Whether good or bad, _________________________________________（趨勢） will continue in at least a few years ahead. Therefore, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________（建議）

　　習作

College Enrollment Expansion

　　It's our government's policy that every university should admit more students to meet the needs of a large number of high school graduates. Therefore, the number of college students has been going up continually these years. As every coin has two sides, enrollment expansion in universities is no exception.

　　Generally speaking, enrollment expansion has many advantages. To each individual, this policy is good, for it provides him with an opportunity to command further knowledge, which is no doubt beneficial to him. Besides, as far as the general public is concerned, the more education they receive, the higher quality level they will reach.

　　While we are talking about the advantages of enrollment expansion, we cannot ignore its disadvantages. To begin with, there will be many more students in one class than before. Inevitably, quality will suffer, as teachers will have to correct more home assignments. To make matters worse, problems in university such as accommodation will be serious. Worst of all, after graduating from universities, a large number of people will pour into the job market, and the competition in job-hunting or promotion and so forth will be more violent, which is certainly a potential threat to society.

　　Whether good or bad, the policy of students' expansion in university will continue in at least a few years ahead. Therefore, we university students should cherish the opportunity and prepare for the future competition.

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