英語專業四級作文寫作思路及范文：旅游與文化保護

　　新東方在線為專四考生們整理了英語專業四級作文寫作思路及范文，希望考生們在拿到英語專業四級作文題目時不急于動筆寫，最好先列出提綱有整體的思路，框架條麗清晰才是得高分的秘技。

　　Some people believe that culture will be ruined if it is used to earn tourism revenue, but others consider that tourism is the only way of protecting a culture. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.

　　旅游業有益文化保護(cultural preservation)的論點：

　　除了自然景觀(landscape)之外，文化和歷史是吸引旅游者去一個國家或者一個旅游景點 (tourism site)觀光的最主要原因(motivator);旅游業和文化遺產相結合(integrate tourism and cultural heritage)為文化保護提供了經濟支持(economic incentives);

　　在文化領域提供一些旅游選擇(introduce the tourism options available with the cultural sectors)， 如博物館、歷史景點、活動和奠食等(including museums, historical sites, events and cuisine), 游客會深人了解當地傳統和習俗(get an insight into local customs and traditions),感受當地傳統和藝術(experience local traditions, arts and heritage),從而更加尊重當地社區和周圍的環境 (respect the host community and its environment),促進不同國家之間關于自然和文化資源保護的交流與對話(the dialogue over conservation of natural and cultural resources )0 一

　　旅游業導致文化破壞(cultural destruction)的觀點：

　　保護的一般是食物、時尚、節日等(preserve food, fashion, festivals and so forth)—些文化的表面特征(superficial elements of a culture), 將文化定格成表演者(freeze culture as performers), 導致了文化、宗教、傳統儀式、物質文化和語言的損失(the loss of culture, religion, rituals, material culture and language);將文化商業化(commercialise the culture),破壞了文化神圣和獨特的本質(erode the sacred and unique nature);雖然很多活動是娛樂活動(entertain, rather than educate tourists),但有些是對當地人的一種羞辱(humiliate the local people);

　　垃圾、涂鴉、破壞和噪音不斷增加(increasing litter, graffiti, vandalism and noise)，游客在沒有被允許的情況下進入建筑物、神殿、神圣的土地(enter buildings, shrines or sacred lands without permission).這都與當地文化相沖突，是一種文化侮辱(an insult to the local culture )

　　范文

　　There is little room for doubt that tourism is one of the fastest-growing industries in the world. However, its impact on culture remains a source of constant debate. This essay will elaborate on both positive and negative effects of tourism from a cultural perspective.

　　Providing economic incentives for cultural preservation is unarguably one of the main contributions of tourism. To many tourists, culture and history are what they first consider when choosing a destination. Their mindset has been recognised by many tourism sites and money has been subsequently directed toward cultural protection, including the maintenance of key historical sites. Tourism is therefore one of the primary forces contributing to the preservation of a culture.

　　In addition to raising financing, tourism can make an indigenous culture known to the world and rally support worldwide to protect it. When a historic site or a site that shows a country's cultural heritage is made accessible to the public, visitors from all over the world will soon flock there. They will share their experience in the local culture with their friends and families once they return home, assisting this site to gain international fame. Both financial and technological support will flood in for the conservation of natural and cultural resources.

　　On the negative side, tourism develops sometimes at the expense of part of culture. Food, festivals, costumes and other stimulating elements of a culture are highlighted to entertain tourists, constituting an insult to the locals and causing damage to the unique nature of a culture. Moreover, cultural commercialization has made the sacred elements of a culture commonplace and tourists are encouraged to attach little importance to a unique tradition, which cannot be found elsewhere.

　　In the light of these facts, one can conclude that tourism is neither a boon nor a bane to cultural preservation. While its endeavour lo protect an indigenous culture should be recognized, it has put the integrity of a culture at risk.

　　近義詞表

　　1. unarguably= unquestionably =indisputably=undeniably:無可置提地，無可否認地

　　2. destination=site=place:地點

　　3. maintenance=preservation=upholding=protection:保護，保存

　　4. indigenous=original=aboriginal：本土的，原始的

　　5. fame=reputation=recognition=eminence:名氣，名聲

　　6. at the expense of=at the cost of:以犧牲…為前提

　　7. entertain=amuse=keep somebody amused:使愉快

　　8. insult=offence:侮辱

　　9. commonplace=ordinary: 平凡的

　　10. in the light of=in view of=considering=taking into account:考慮到

　　11. endeavour=effort=attempt:努力，嘗試

　　12. integrity=entirety=unity:完整性

　　13. put at risk=endanger=jeopardise:危及，使…危險

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