如何克服拖沓
How To Overcome Procrastination
拖沓是一種隱患。它悄悄潛伏著，甚至在我們認為最好的時刻卻給予致命的一擊。事實上，我們很多人甚至不知道自己經常拖沓。例如，當您在讀本文時，您也許正推遲著某些重要事情呢。也許那就是給你老板的報告、一個新客戶的電話，或者打給朋友的道歉電話。
但無論如何，拖沓是可以克服的。這其實很簡單...只要做就行了！
Procrastination is an insidious thing. It creeps up and strikes even the best of us from time to time. In fact many of us may not even realize that we are procrastinating. As you read this, for instance, you may be putting off doing something important. Maybe it’s that report to your boss, a new sales call, or that phone call to apologize to a friend.
Whatever it is, procrastination can be overcome. It’s actually quite simple…Just do it!
我知道你在說什么...難道你不希望它是如此簡單。事實上，當我們拖沓的時候，往往是因為我們有太多的事情要做，卻沒有足夠的時間。在現代社會，我們有來自四面八方的大量事情要做。手機鈴聲正響著、電子郵件正等待回復、日程安排正在催促、老板正站在你門口，等等。
各個方面都得關照！
I know what you’re saying… Don’t you wish it was that simple. The fact is we procrastinate because we have too much to do and not enough time to do it. In our modern society we have a huge amount of things coming at us from all directions. The cell phone is ringing, e-mail is notifying, your calendar is screaming, and your boss is standing in your doorway.
Something’s got to give!
拖沓的定義就是...
將一項活動推遲或拖延或順延到以后的時間。
將我們都必須做的一大堆活讓步，這是很自然的事情，我們不得不將一些事情拖延到以后來做，或者干脆不做。
所以，真正的問題是...什么是我們現在要做的？什么是我們要推遲做的？
1、我們做緊急的？
2、我們做重要的？
3、我們做能讓我們現在就感覺心情舒暢的？
The definition of procrastination is…
Putting off or delaying or deferring an action to a later time.
Given the amount of stuff we all have to do, it’s just natural that we have to put off some things toa later time or just not do them at all.
So the real question is… what do we do now and what do we put off until later?
Do we do the urgent?
Do we do the important?
Do we do what makes us feel good now?
The answers to these questions can really affect our future.
對于上述這些問題的回答真的會影響到我們的未來！
丹·艾瑞里在他的新書《怪誕行為學》中以一組學生的實驗來揭示什么樣的結構導致拖沓。他的試驗結果非常有趣，并有助于我們了解如何克服這些拖沓隱患。
丹給他的三個班級學生分配了不同的標準，要求在為期12周的一個學期內提交論文。
Dan Ariely, in his new book, Predictably Irrational did some experiments with a group of students to find out how structure effects procrastination. The results of his test are interesting and may give us some insight on overcoming this insidious problem.
Dan gave three of his classes different criteria for submitting their papers during a 12 week semester
第一個班根本沒有明確提交的期限。他們只需要在學期末提交論文。他們可以提前交，但不會加分。
第二個班可以在課程開始前為他們的論文確定最后期限。他們可以將最后期限設定在期中，也可以設定在期末。但是，一旦他們設定了最后期限就不能改變，而且每拖延一天學生將會受到扣除1%分數的懲罰。
第三個班則嚴格限定最后期限。他們必須在第4周、第8周和第12周分別提交三份論文。他們沒有選擇性，也沒有一點靈活性。
然后，在學期末記錄各個班級的成績。結果，嚴格設定最后期限的班級做得最好，其次是自行設定最后期限的班級，而采取自由形式的班級則最差。
The first class had no deadlines at all. They merely needed to submit their papers by the last class. They could turn the papers in early but there was no grade benefit in doing so.
The second class could pick their own deadlines for each paper at the beginning of the course. They could set them at intervals throughout the semester or just set them all for the last day of the class. Once the deadlines were set they could not be changed. Students would be penalized 1% of the grade for each day it was late.
The third class was given dictatorial orders. They would have to submit their three papers on week 4, 8, and 12 respectively. Their was no choice or flexibility.
At the end of the semester, the grades were tallied for each group. The group with the dictatorial structure did the best, followed by the class that set its own deadlines, with the free form group comingin last.
結構對于班級的整體成績是很重要的。那個被允許自行選擇最后期限的班級最后決定的提交形式卻是老師提供的。
可取之處就是這樣的順序...人們往往以限定的方式來使事情做得更好：
1、外部強加最后期限
2、自行設定最后期限
3、順其自然沒有期限
這就是我多年來針對不同類別、不同目標、或其他結果所采取不同方式而造成不同拖沓結果的經驗。在接下來的幾天里，我們將會讓您看到在一些不同生活領域所采取的結構化方式而獲得成功的項目，包括從飲食到資金管理方面。
讓我們開始吧...現在！
Structure was very important to the overall grades of the class. The class that was allowed to pick its own deadlines decided to follow a scheduling form that the teacher provided.
The take away is this… people do better in this order
Externally imposed deadlines
Personally imposed deadlines
No deadlines at all along the way
This has been my experience over the years with many different classes, goals, or other accomplishments. Over the next few days we’ll look at some structured ways to overcome procrastination in differentareas of life. From diet to money management we'll take a look at some successful programs that let you say…
Let’s get started… now!
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