葉芝《當你老了》語言點精析
今年春晚,莫文蔚演唱的那一首《當你老了》讓無數人感動。這首詩是愛爾蘭詩人威廉·巴特勒·葉芝(William Butler Yeats)的作品,他曾經對一位朋友說:“我所有的詩,都獻給毛特·崗。”這一首《當你老了》,讓我們看到了詩人偉大的愛情。
When you are old
William Butler Yeats
When you are old and grey and full of sleep,
And nodding by the fire, take down this book,
And slowly read, and dream of the soft look
Your eyes had once, and of their shadows deep;
How many loved your moments of glad grace,
And loved your beauty with love false or true,
But one man loved the pilgrim Soul in you,
And loved the sorrows of your changing face;
And bending down beside the glowing bars,
Murmur, a little sadly, how Love fled
And paced upon the mountains overhead
And hid his face amid a crowd of stars.
精析語言點
grey:灰色,形容老人灰白的頭發,美式英語亦作gray;
nodding:原意“點頭”,在語境中表示“打盹”;
take down:動詞詞組,拿下,取下;
dream of:dream是不及物動詞,跟介詞of連用才能跟賓語;
look:該詞用法很豐富,作動詞表示“看”,做名詞表示“樣子”、“眼神”等,在句中語境表示“眼神”;
of:第二處of,是跟在and前半句話里動詞dream之后,這里是一個并列關系;
how many:其后省略了people;
glad grace:令人愉悅的優雅姿態;
with love false or true:with引導方式狀語,這里false or true作為后置定語修飾love,表示“或真或假的愛慕”;
pilgrim soul:清教徒般的靈魂,指純潔的心靈;
bending down:指“彎下身子”;
glowing bars:glowing指“發光的”,這里指“被爐火照亮的”;bars指“欄桿”,這里指“壁爐”周圍的欄桿;
Murmur:低語,輕聲說話;
fled:flee“逃走”的過去式,how love fled,愛情已然溜走;
pace:動詞,踱步,主語是前句話中“溜走的愛情”;
amid:介詞,在…之中。
中文翻譯:
《當你老了》
作者:威廉·巴特勒·葉芝
譯者:楊牧
當你老了,灰黯,沉沉欲眠,
在火爐邊瞌睡,取下這本書,
慢慢讀,夢回你眼睛曾經
有過的柔光,以及那深深波影;
多少人戀愛你喜悅雍容的時刻,
戀愛你的美以真以假的愛情,
有一個人愛你朝山的靈魂內心,
愛你變化的面容有那些怔忡錯愕。
并且俯身閃爍發光的鐵欄桿邊,
嚅囁,帶些許憂傷,愛如何竟已
逸去了并且在頭頂的高山踱蹀
復將他的臉藏在一群星星中間。
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