高一英語作文:Montage 蒙太奇
Montage originates from a French architectural(建筑學的) term， which has been borrowed by the film-making field and refers to the choosing， cutting and combining of separate photographic material so as to make a connected film①. The film artists divide the content into different stages， scenes， etc. and treat them respectively(分別); then based on the theme and the plot， use certain techniques，to edit them， producing the effects of coherence， echo， contrast， symbolization， exaggeration， foil and suspense， resulting in an integrated artistic work②.
In Charlie Chaplin’s Modern Times， the first scene is of a flock of sheep being put into the fold(羊欄)， and the next is of a group of workers surging into(涌進) the factory. The two different shots， edited and spliced(接合) together， imply that the capitalists treat workers as livestock(牲畜).
Montage can be divided into narrative(敘述性的) and expressive montage. Narrative montage is based on the development of the plot， by which the audience is attracted and enabled to follow the chronological(按年代順序排列的) order， to learn the causes and effects easily. If subdivided(細分)，narrative montage consists of consecutive montage， paralleled montage， crossing montage and reviewing montage③.
But they are not used separately. In film， they merge into and supplement one another to manage the subject more freely and thoroughly④. Expressive montage is a more abstract， general， suggestive and symbolic method calling for the audience’s initiative(主動)， meditation(沉思)and analysis(分析). It includes contrastive montage， metaphorical montage， psychological montage and rational montage⑤. Unlike narrative montage， expressive montage combines all the shots directly，even without concrete(具體的) images， and probably forces the audience to understand in their own way the internal implications(內涵) carried out by the abstract codes(符號).
【難句解析】
①蒙太奇是電影的基本結構手段和敘事方式，是電影藝術的基礎。蒙太奇一詞來自法語，本是一個建筑學上的術語，意思是構成和裝配。借用到電影藝術中，蒙太奇是指剪輯和組合。
②在影片制作中，藝術家們根據劇本主題的需要、情節的發展將影片所要表現的內容分解為不同的段落、場面、鏡頭，分別進行拍攝和處理。然后再通過一定的藝術技巧，合乎邏輯而又富有節奏地把它們組合起來，使其相互作用而產生連貫、呼應、對比、暗示、夸張、襯托、懸念等效果，構成一部完整的藝術作品。 ③敘事蒙太奇具體可分為連續式蒙太奇、平行式蒙太奇、交叉式蒙太奇和復現式蒙太奇。
④但它們不是孤立的運用，在影片制作過程中往往相輔相成，有機融合，互相襯托和補充，使敘述的內容更加豐富、自由和靈活。
⑤表現蒙太奇具體可分為對比蒙太奇、隱喻蒙太奇、心理蒙太奇和理性蒙太奇。
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