應試寫作學與練:分析篇(1)
分析型議論文主要是判斷和分析所討論的事物或觀點的性質。具體地說就是闡述其重要性,正確性,必要性或荒謬性,危害性等。例如:
The benefits of making friends of different kinds;
The importance of making cities greener;
The harmful effects of heavy exposure to TV.
此類論文基本結構如下:
Paragraph 1
S(1) Topic
S(2) Thesis(my attitude towards it)
Paragraph 2
S(3) Thesis ( more specific)
S(4) Benefit (or effect)
S(5) Detail
S(6) Benefit (or effect)
S(8) Detail
S(9) Benefit (or effect)
Paragraph 3
Conclusion
第一段引出要討論的主題,如離婚率上升、體育鍛煉熱等,然后提出對這些問題的基本態度和看法,是贊成還是反對。
第二段S(3) 把為什么贊成或反對的基本理由先扼要的提一下。接著從幾個方面來闡述贊成或反對的理由,即闡述事物的重要性或危害性。S(5)S(7)S(9)則用具體的實例來論證之前提出的重要性或危害性。最后一段是總結。
有時分析不一定從同一方向進行,也可以從正反兩個方向進行。例如:在一篇提倡體育鍛煉的文章中,當中一段可以先說體育鍛煉的重要性,然后說如不進行體育鍛煉可能帶來的后果。此時的第二段結構為:
Paragraph 2
S(3) Thesis( more specific)
S(4) Importance ( with it)
S(5) Detail 1
S(6) Detail 2
S(7) Consequence ( without it)
S(8) Detail 1
S(9) Detail 2
此類作文的常用句型如下:
1.One of the benefits derived from / harmful effects on ……。 is……
2.To have a better/ full understanding/ appreciation of ……, we may look at / turn to ……
3.There's hardly a man or woman who doesn't ………
4.Another benefit/ effect is concerned with/ relates to………
5.A good case in point / typical example of this is……
6.Of all the benefits resulting from, none has been / nothing is more significant than/ as significant as………
7.Thus, it can be seen that………。
本文地址:http://www.hengchuai.cn/writing/gaozhong/95608.html