A因果
naturally, as a result, consequently, not surprisingly, quite understandably, predictably, presumably,
contribute to, result in , the result can be identified in…, ascribe … to .., attribute … to…, derive from.., spring from, arise from,
B．遞進
- in addition to that, besides, apart from, let alone, not to mention, quite conscious of, moreover,
C 并列
Coupled with, combined with, going hand in hand with，integrated with…, entwined with..,
D.轉折
It is, however, nevertheless, in spite of , regardless of, unaware of，for all that …, heedless of .., nonetheless,
E：常見得分詞匯替換表
（冒號前面的是我們習慣想到的詞，考試中千萬不能用！要不然，就把自己弄得 guaer 了！一定要用俺給你推薦的后面的詞去替換前面的哈！mengest!）
We, everyone: any reasonable/sensitive soul/mind, talented minds, elite minds, versatile minds, personality, figures, celebrity, idiots, philosophic minds, genius
More and more: increasingly,
Big: enormous, tremendous, gigantic, titanic, astronomical, vast, boundless,
Very: extremely, overwhelmingly, undeniably, remarkably, voluminously, excessively, exceedingly, tangibly, impressively, shockingly,
Famous: renowned, celebrated, accomplished, distinguished, prominent, eminent, outstanding, preeminent,
Good: spectacular, amazing, unbelievable, incredible, magnificent, adorable, fantastic, fascinating, admirable, respectable, cherishable, adorable, awesome, terrific, majestic,
Bad: nightmarish, disgusting, despicable, monstrous, appalling, abhorring, repelling, repulsive,
Important: significant, essential, basic, fundamental, indispensable, crucial, critical, decisive, determinant, dominant, predominant, infallible,
Say, Believe，think: suppose, hold, claim, maintain, presume, assume, contend, argue, declare, I am convinced, conclude,
Improve, better: further, promote, enhance, reinforce, strengthen, consolidate, cement, nurture, relieve, recover,
Everyone knows: it’s a truth universally acknowledged that,
It can never be denied, it is undeniable that
It goes without saying that
It is self evident that
It is highly advisably, imperative, remarkable that
It comforts one to know that…
F 頂尖副詞：
Excessively, unbelievably, shockingly, reasonably, logically, tremendously, remarkably, noticeably, tangibly, perceptibly, hopefully, incredibly, amazingly, fundamentally, excessively, extremely, overwhelmingly, sharply, dramatically, drastically, justifiably, convincingly, ignorantly, fantastically, hardly, barely, sparsely, surprisingly, unexpectedly,
G. 列舉事例段落常見的開頭語：
The case/ story of XXX stands as an undisputed confirmation of …..that…
XXX remains a solid evidence of ….
Adding further credibility/plausibility to the argument is the story of XXX
My conviction stands on the following three…
 
第一篇：Three Passions I Have Lived for!

Three passions,simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life,the longing for love,the search for knowledge,and the unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind.these passions,like great winds,have blown me hither and thither,in a wayward course over a deep ocean of anguish,reaching to the very verge of despair.

I have sought love,first, because it bring ecstasy--ecstasy so great that i would often have sacrificed all the rest of my life for a few hours for this joy.I have sought it,next,because it relieves loneliness---that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss.I have sought it ,finally,because in the union of love seen,in a mystic miniature,the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imaged.THis is what I sought,and though it might seem too good for human life,this is what---at last--I have found.

With equal passion I have found knowledge.I have wished to understand the hearts of men.I have wished to know why the stars shine...A little of this,but not much,I have achieved.

Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible,led upward toward the heavens.But always pity brought me back to earth.Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart.Children in femine, victims tortured by opressors,helpless old people--a hated burden to their sons,and the whole world of loneliness,poverty,and pain make a mockery of what human life should be.I long to alleviate the evil,but I cann't,and I too suffer.This has been my life.I have found it worth living,and would gladly live it again if the chance offered me.

第二篇：The Road to Happiness

It is a commonplace among moralists that you cannot get happiness by pursuing it. This is only true if you pursue it unwisely. Gamblers at Monte Carlo are pursuing money, and most of them lose it instead, but there are other ways of pursuing money which often succeed. So it is with happiness. If you pursue it by means of drink, you are forgetting the hang-over. Epicurus pursued it by living only in congenial society and eating only dry bread, supplemented by a little cheese on feast days. His method proved successful in his case, but he was a valetudinarian, and most people would need something more vigorous. For most people, the pursuit of happiness, unless supplemented in various ways, is too abstract and theoretical to be adequate as a personal rule of life. But I think that whatever personal rule of life you may choose it should not, except in rare and heroic cases, be incompatible with happiness.

There are a great many people who have all the material conditions of happiness, i.e. health and a sufficient income, and who, nevertheless, are profoundly unhappy. In such cases it would seem as if the fault must lie with a wrong theory as to how to live. In one sense, we may say that any theory as to how to live is wrong. We imagine ourselves more different from the animals than we are. Animals live on impulse, and are happy as long as external conditions are favorable. If you have a cat it will enjoy life if it has food and warmth and opportunities for an occasional night on the tiles. Your needs are more complex than those of your cat, but they still have their basis in instinct. In civilized societies, especially in English-speaking societies, this is too apt to be forgotten. People propose to themselves some one paramount objective, and restrain all impulses that do not minister to it. A businessman may be so anxious to grow rich that to this end he sacrifices health and private affections. When at last he has become rich, no pleasure remains to him except harrying other people by exhortations to imitate his noble example. Many rich ladies, although nature has not endowed them with any spontaneous pleasure in literature or art, decide to be thought cultured, and spend boring hours learning the right thing to say about fashionable new books that are written to give delight, not to afford opportunities for dusty snobbism.

If you look around at the men and women whom you can call happy, you will see that they all have certain things in common. The most important of these things is an activity which at most gradually builds up something that you are glad to see coming into existence. Women who take an instinctive pleasure in their children can get this kind of satisfaction out of bringing up a family. Artists and authors and men of science get happiness in this way if their own work seems good to them. But there are many humbler forms of the same kind of pleasure. Many men who spend their working life in the city devote their weekends to voluntary and unremunerated toil in their gardens, and when the spring comes, they experience all the joys of having created beauty.

The whole subject of happiness has, in my opinion, been treated too solemnly. It had been thought that man cannot be happy without a theory of life or a religion. Perhaps those who have been rendered unhappy by a bad theory may need a better theory to help them to recovery, just as you may need a tonic when you have been ill. But when things are normal a man should be healthy without a tonic and happy without a theory. It is the simple things that really matter. If a man delights in his wife and children, has success in work, and finds pleasure in the alternation of day and night, spring and autumn, he will be happy whatever his philosophy may be. If, on the other hand, he finds his wife fateful, his children's noise unendurable, and the office a nightmare; if in the daytime he longs for night, and at night sighs for the light of day, then what he needs is not a new philosophy but a new regimen----a different diet, or more exercise, or what not.

Man is an animal, and his happiness depends on his physiology more than he likes to think. This is a humble conclusion, but I cannot make myself disbelieve it. Unhappy businessmen, I am convinced, would increase their happiness more by walking six miles every day than by any conceivable change of philosophy

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