BEC考官教你商務英語寫作 第四章商務報告寫作:Unit 2 格式及語言要求(2)
商務報告的語氣和風格
商務報告的語氣和風格反映了報告人對報告主體和報告讀者的態度。有效又有力的語氣是客觀的、全面的、公正的。
如果寫非正式或較短的報告,在撰寫人和報告讀者個人關系友好的情況卜,可以使用第一人稱,口氣也相應隨和。
在寫給全體職員的年度或季度報告中,使用第三人稱可以有效地使讀者置身于報告的每一件事之中。
正式語氣是通過使用第三人稱、列舉事實和數據,而且以不表達個人對報告所傳達信息的情感和觀點來實現的。
此外,呈給上級部門的報告,語氣顯示委婉、試探和尊重,而來自上級的報告多是用一種直截了當和決斷的語氣寫出的。
在撰寫商務報告時,要特別注意以下幾點:
l)目的明確、主題突出、表達確切;
2)不要花泥帶水,要開門見山,擊中要害;
3)用詞精煉、簡潔,用比較正式的文字,少用口語;
4)適當使用被動語態,因為此語態有助于表達信息本身;
商務報告中常用術語
-> 引言 Introduction
引言部分主要是向讀者介紹報告的寫作目的,寫作目的應該是分清晰并能夠高度概括下面內容。引言應該簡單明了,盡量用一句話把它概括出來。引言中常用的術語有:
The report/proposal aims/sets out to... investigate/evaluate/assess/study...
The aim/purpose of this report/proposal is to... recommend/analyze/give...
-> 調查中發現的情況 Findings
事實發現部分是從調查的眾多情況中篩選出與本報告最相關的結果呈現在讀者面前。事實應些得盡量清晰、簡潔, 段落之間應用關聯詞有機地聯系在一起。事實發現部分常用于有:
It was found that...
The disparity clearly showed...
The following points summaries our key findings.
The key findings are outlined below.
We discovered that...
-> 結論 Conclusion
結論部分用來表達作者已采集到的信息的看法。不僅如此,作者還可以通過表面的情況分析出深層次的觀點。結論部分也應該非常簡潔。結論部分常用的術語有:
It was decided/agreed/felt that...
It is clear that...
No conclusions were reached regarding...-> 建議Recommendations
建議部分主要表達作者認為應該采取的行動,盡量用一兩句話把它完成。常用的術語有:
It is suggested/proposed/recommended that...
We(strongly)recommend that...
It is essential to...
It would be advisable to...上面講述了報告中4個主要格式需要使用的術語。除此之外,報告中的其他信息在表達時也要通過連接詞把他們連貫下來,其實這樣的連接詞在各種文件的寫作中都有需要。下面介紹的內容包括如何將信息遞進、如何對比信息,以及如何聯系因果關系。
-> 如何附加信息 adding ideas
Furthermore/moreover/in addition
->對比不同的事物 Contrasting ideas
However... 但是
Although..., ... 盡管(后跟從句)....
Despite/in despite of 盡管(后跟名詞)...
... while/whereas... ... 而...
例如:
This is something Worldwide doesn't offer whereas ERS do.
In spite of cost, ERS are offering the better deal...
->對比事物的相同點 Making comparisons
Both/Neither... 兩者都/兩者都不...
Like/unlike, 像/不像
例如:
They‘re both pretty similar.
Like ERS, they have a ...
Neither company meets all our key needs.
->表達因果的短語或舉行Liking cause and effect
Because of /As a result of/Due to/Owing to...
This means...
... leads to/results in...
以上就是報告寫作中常用術語以及基本句型。下面是一份報告,讀者可以把剛剛學到的舉行和報告結構加以鞏固。
背景資料:
一家公司在今年的經營過程中盈利頗豐,準備將利潤進行再投資。公司決定投資股票市場,目前有兩公司在挑選范圍之內,一家是化工企業,一家是啤酒釀造廠。下面就是該公司針對兩家企業所做的可行性分析報告。
Introduction
This report aims to assess which company, either Ramsdan Breweries or Bute Chemicals, should invest in.
Ramsden
The company had mixed results last year; although turnover increased by approximately 25%, net profit rose by less than 4%. However, restructuring may be able to eliminate these inefficiencies and expected growth in the drinks industry suggests opportunities for increased profits.
Bute
Results were disappointing, with turnover and profits both falling slightly. Nevertheless, the company managed to increase its dividend to shareholders. The rumored merger seems likely to push up the share price considerably.
Conclusion
Despite the merger rumours, any investment in Bute Chemicals would involve a risk Ramsden, on the other hand, despite its presen inefficiency, is still profitable and has definite potential for further growth.
Recommendation
We would recommend investment in Ramsdem Breweries.
Practice 練習
1.將下面句子改寫成報告中需要的被動語態的形式。
例子: There's lack of communication in sales.
(it/feel) it was felt that there was a lack of communication in Sales.
a. Let's org anise some training for our team leaders.
(it/suggest)
b. We're going to bring in a consultant.
(it/decide)
c. It seems team leaders' roles aren't clear enough.
(it/find)
d. Ok, we'll start implementing Workset next month.
(it/agree)
e. Ekstrom needs to set up new assessment centers.
(We/recommend)
2. 題目要求: 有一家公司準備將其中的一個部門從西雅圖搬到柏林。在挑選搬家公司為其服務時,這家公司對比了兩家機構ERS 和Worldwide Relocation 的各項服務。他們從以下幾個方面進行了對比,請根據調查結果寫一篇場為120~140字的報告。
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