雅思寫作：寫議論文時的詞匯
在雅思寫作中能夠得心應手的正確使用各種英文表達，對于許多考生來說都是一件心向往之卻身久不能至的憾事。大多數考生對于寫作詞匯和句法的積累，依舊停留在機械的背單詞背句子的低層次上，長此以往英文的表達能力不僅不會有長足的進步，甚至還會由于存在大量詞不達意、文不對題的表達而導致英文水平退步。詞匯學習關鍵要結合“四種短語”搭配法在語境中系統掌握和運用。
一、動詞+名詞
動詞加名詞結構在英文議論文中使用的頻率最多。它既可以用在主動語態的句子中，也可以用在被動語態的句子中。但要注意：這里使用的動詞是及物動詞。下面給大家列舉幾個例子。
例一：spoil one’s children溺愛孩子
劍四4 These children are often spoilt, not in terms of love and attention because working parents do not have the time for this, but in more material ways.
例二：Encounter situations and experiences遭遇不同的處境和經歷
劍五4 Instead, the traits we inherit from our parents and the experiences and situations we encounter in life are so unpredictable and so powerful, that they can boost or over-ride other influences, and there seems to be plenty of research findings to confirm this.
例三：shape one’s personality影響人的性格
劍五4 It is the interaction of the two that shapes a person’s personality and dictates how that personality develops.
例四：raise the awareness提高意識
劍五B I think, therefore, that governments need to raise this awareness in the general public.
例五：take action采取行動
劍五B Children can be educated about environmental issues at school, but adults need to take action.
例六：produce waste制造垃圾
劍五B I think it is true that in almost every country today each household and family produces a large amount of waste every week.
二、動詞+介詞
動詞加名詞是英文表達中容易出錯的結構：考生總會想當然的給動詞搭配一個介詞，甚至直接省略不加。朗閣海外考試研究中心提醒考生注意：這種結構主要用在主動語態的句子中，很少用于被動語態。同時，這里使用的動詞是不及物動詞。下面給大家列舉幾個例子。
例一：lie in something在于…
劍四2 While some people link happiness to wealth and material success, others think it lies in emotions and loving personal relationships.
例二：lie with somebody應由…承擔責任
劍四4 But I think the solution to the problem lies with the families, who need to be more aware of the future consequences of spoiling their children.
例三：benefit from something從…中獲益
劍四B They still spend plenty of time at home with their parents, so they can benefit from both environments.
例四：end up doing something以…告終
劍四4 Young people may end up never returning to their studies or finding it difficult to readapt to an academic environment.
例五：depend on依賴，取決于
劍五4 But whether these characteristics are able to develop within the personality of an individual surely depends on whether the circumstances allow such a development.
例六：use up something用完，耗盡
劍五B We forgot that even the cheapest plastic bag has used up valuable resources and energy to produce.
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