一、常見列舉用轉折詞語

1.for one thing, for another, above all things;

2.to begin/start with, next/besides/moreover, last/finally;

3.in the first place, in the second, in the third, (and) best of/worst of all;

4.one of these, another,(there is)still another(reason/factor);

上述詞組的意思是：

1.首先；其次；最重要的是……

2. 首先；然后/此外/而且；最后

3. 第一，首先；第二；第三；最好的是/最糟糕的是……

4. 其中一個；另一個；還有一個（原因/因素）

二、常見對比轉折詞語

1.but, but on the contrary, but on the other hand, but then;

2.by contrast, in contrast, in contrast with/to, as a contrast to, as opposed to;

3.by contraries, on the contrary, to the contrary, contrary to (A), opposite to,in opposition to;

4.whereas, while, while on the other hand, while on the whole, yet, however;

5.(as) compared with/to, by comparison, in comparison with, by comparison to

6.First..…., Next..…., Last.…..;

7.In the first / early / initial / infant period / stage / phase(或In its infancy).….., In thesecond / middle / adult / ripe period / stage / phase.….., In the third / last /closing / later / concluding period..….;

8.One step (way/course/approach/secret/trick)...…,Another step..….,Still anotherstep..….;

9.The first measure/step/move.….., Next to it comes.….., And the last/final/themost important measure..….;

10.The direct experience/lesson/factor/way…...The indirectexperience/lesson/factor/way..….

上述詞組的意思是：

1.但是；但相反地；但另一方面；但是接下去

2. 通過對比；經與……對比；作為與……的對比；作為……的對照

3. 相反；與A相反；與……相反；與……相反

4. 然而；然而另一方面；然而整體而言；然而；然而

5. 跟……相比

6. 首先……其次……最后…

7. 在第一個/早期/開始/嬰兒時期/階段；在第二個/中間/成人/成熟時期/階段；在第三個/最后/結束/后面的階段

8. 一個措施/方法/做法/秘密/計策是……/另一個措施是……還有一個措施是……

9. 第一個措施是……接著是……最后一個/最重要的措施是……

10. 直接經驗/教訓/因素/途徑是（一個教訓是）……間接經驗/教訓/因素/途徑是（另一個教訓是）……

三、常見對比轉折句型

1.But the obvious (fatal/serious) flaw (defect/drawback) in their argument(attitude/idea/view/action/behavior) is that..…./But the basic (main/great/key/big) problem with their argument (..….) is that..….

e.g..….that they are ignorant of (blind to) a bare fact: Social changes haveattached new meanings and values to the division between good and bad.

2.But if.…..it is (not) easy (difficult/hard) to see (find/discover) that .…..

e.g.But if they adjust their frame of mind a little in the other direction , it isnot hard for them to find that life is just as promising as before.

3.Too much emphasis (attention/stress/concern/significance) placed on (givento/focused on/attached to/paid to) the negative (sunny/gloomy/bright) side ofthe issue, however, may..….

e.g..….,however,may mislead us to form a pessimistic estimate of currentsituations. 或..….,however,may stop us fromrendering (passing/forming/having) a fair (correct/clear/infallible/wise) judgmenton it.

4.But in most cases/from the point of view of justice (objectivity)/as a matterof fact/in a very true sense,their (public/general) satisfaction(dissatisfaction/disillusionment/concern) with..….(或theircriticism of.../their argument for/against.../their objection to.…../theirapproval for..….)can not.…../is..…., for..….

e.g.But in an impartial sense, the public dissatisfaction can not hold every water,for our society is still abundant in goodness and beauty.

5.As a result of..…., however, things would/are bound to..….

e.g.As a result of such an utter indifference to vicious behavior, however , thingswould be past saving/mending/all the hope.

上述句型的意思是：

1.但他們辯論/態度/觀點/看法/行為中的明顯/致命的/嚴重的缺點/缺陷是……

2.但如果……很（不）容易/難發現……

3.然而，對問題負面/正面/陰暗面給予/集中/附加了太多的強調/注意/關注會……（如誤導/混淆/掩蓋/歪曲/干擾我們對它的判斷）

4.但大多數情況下/從公正（客觀）的角度來看/實際上/真正意義上，他們/公眾/對……的滿意/不滿/幻滅/關注

5.然而，作為……的結果，事情會注定……

四、常見情景/參照物設定的詞語或結構

1.when, if, the other day in a certain place, suppose/imagine/assume (that...),in (the) course/time of...for instance, in the event of等；

2.in the case of, as for/to, as far as...is/are concerned, The same is trueof..., when compared with, in comparison with, by comparison等；

3.If there is anything that comes close to/is comparable to/with...,...there ishardly, a thing that compares favorable with/can rival...等；

上述句型的意思是：

1.當……的時候；如果;幾天前在某地；假設/想象/倘使......

2.關于；關于；關于；關于……也是一樣；當與……相比;當與……相比；通過比較

3. 如果說有什么能與……相比，那么幾乎沒有什么能與……（另一事物）相比/匹敵。

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