一篇好文章的條件很多。除了內(nèi)容豐富和組織緊密之外，詞匯的運(yùn)用和句子的處理，也起著決定性作用。句子可長(zhǎng)可短，同一件事，可以用不同的句式表達(dá)。如果句子清一色是簡(jiǎn)單句，文章必定很單調(diào)乏 味。如果全篇充滿了冗長(zhǎng)的復(fù)雜句，讀起來(lái)也很費(fèi)力。

　　最好的方法是以簡(jiǎn)單句為基礎(chǔ)，配合適當(dāng)?shù)牟⒘芯浜蛷?fù)雜句。簡(jiǎn)單句可長(zhǎng)可短，通常要加些附屬成分，如分詞短語(yǔ)、介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞短語(yǔ)、不定式動(dòng)詞 短語(yǔ)，以及節(jié)縮成分。總之，作者可根據(jù)情況，使句子多樣化，使文章靈活多姿。例如下列五個(gè)句子的基本概念一樣，但 是句式不同，內(nèi)容重點(diǎn)也有些差別：

　　(1) The goats grazed peacefully in the farm and were unaware of the approaching hunter. (并列分句(1)+2)

　　(2) Grazing peacefully, the goats in the farm were unaware of the approaching hunter. (現(xiàn)在分語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)+簡(jiǎn)單句)

　　(3) In the farm, the goats grazed peacefully and were unaware of the approaching hunter. (副詞短語(yǔ)+并列分句(1)-(2) )

　　(4) There were goats grazing peacefully in the farm, unaware of the approaching hunter. (簡(jiǎn)單句+形容語(yǔ)短語(yǔ))

　　(5) As the goats grazed peacefully in the farm, they were unaware of the approaching hunter. (原因副詞從句+主句)

　　(6) The young pilot was on his first overseas training.

　　(7) He felt very uneasy.

　　(a) The young pilot on his first overseas training felt very uneasy.

　　(b) The young pilot felt very uneasy during his first overseas training.

　　(c) The young pilot's first overseas training made him feel very uneasy.

　　(d) Extreme uneasiness seized the young pilot on his first overseas training.

　　(e) The young pilot was on his first overseas training, feeling very uneasy.

　　(f) It being his first overseas training, the young pilot felt very uneasy.

　　(g) Being on his first overseas training, the young pilot felt very uneasy.

　　(h) The young pilot was on his first overseas training and felt very uneasy.

　　(i) The young pilot, who was on his first overseas training, felt very uneasy.

　　(j) When the young pilot was on his/first overseas trainging, he felt very uneasy.

　　(k) As the young pilot was on his first overseas training, he felt very uneasy.

　　(l) The young pilot was on his first overseas training, so that he felt very uneasy.

　　在上述12個(gè)句子中，(a)-(g)是簡(jiǎn)單句;(h)是并列句;(i)-(l)是復(fù)雜句。簡(jiǎn)單句除(b)和(g)之外， 其他五樣，用的人并不多。人們最喜歡采用復(fù)雜句，尤其是(j)和(k)這兩款;接著便是并列句(h)。如果 大多數(shù)人的句子只限于(b),(g), (h), (j)和(k)這五種，而其他的則棄如敝屣，不是很可惜嗎?

　　增強(qiáng)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)句表現(xiàn)力的有效方法

　　一、避免使用語(yǔ)意弱的“be”動(dòng)詞。

　　1、把句中的表語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換為不同的修飾語(yǔ)。例如：

　　Weak: The trees are bare. The grass is brown. The landscape seems drab.

　　Revision:The brown grass and bare trees form a drab landscape. (轉(zhuǎn)換為前置定語(yǔ))

　　Or: The landscape, bare and brown, begged for spring green. (轉(zhuǎn)換為并列結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定語(yǔ))

　　2、將作表語(yǔ)用的形容詞或名詞變?yōu)樾袨閯?dòng)詞。例如：

　　1) Weak: The team members are good players.

　　Revision: The team members play well.

　　2) Weak: One worker’s plan is the elimination of tardiness.

　　Revision: One worker’s plan eliminates tardiness.

　　3、在以“here”或“there”開(kāi)頭的句子中，把“be”動(dòng)詞后的名詞代詞變成改寫句的主語(yǔ)。例 如：

　　1) Weak: There is no opportunity for promotion.

　　Revision: No opportunity for promotion exists.

　　2) Weak: Here are the books you ordered.

　　Revision: The books you ordered have arrived.

　　二、多用語(yǔ)意具體的動(dòng)詞，保持句意簡(jiǎn)潔明了。

　　例如：

　　1、Poor: My supervisor went past my desk.

　　Better: My supervisor sauntered (=walked slowly) past my desk.

　　2、Poor: She is a careful shopper.

　　Better: She compares prices and quality.

　　三、盡量運(yùn)用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

　　例如：

　　1、Weak: The organization has been supported by charity.

　　Better: Charity has supported the organization.

　　2、 Weak: The biscuits were stacked on a plate.

　　Better: Mother stacked the biscuits on a plate.

　　四、防止使用語(yǔ)意冗長(zhǎng)累贅的詞語(yǔ)。

　　例如：

　　1、Wordy: My little sister has a preference for chocolate milk.

　　Improved: My little sister prefers chocolate milk.

　　2、Wordy: We are in receipt of your letter and intend to follow your recommendations.

　　Improved: We have received your letter and intended to follow your recommendation.

　　3、 Redundant: We had a serious crisis at school yesterday when our chemistry laboratory caught fire.

　　Improved: We had a crisis at school yesterday when our chemistry laboratory caught fire.

　　4、 Redundant: My sister and I bought the same, identical dress in different stores.

　　Improved: My sister and I bought the same dress in different stores.

　　五、杜絕濫用陳舊詞語(yǔ)或難懂的專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)。

　　例如：

　　1、Weak: They will not agree to his proposals in any shape or form.

　　Improved: They will not agree to any of his proposals.

　　2、Weak: I need her financial input before I can guesstimate our expenditures next fall.

　　Improved: I need her financial figures before I can estimate our expenditures next fall.

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