實(shí)例講解托福獨(dú)立寫作考試中“自問自答”的邏輯展開法
很多考生認(rèn)為獨(dú)立寫作不容易寫，主要原因是因?yàn)闆]有想法或語言不好表達(dá)。其實(shí)，思路和表達(dá)是由邏輯決定的。而所有文章的邏輯都可以通過一種“自問自答”的方式展開。這樣，你的思路如同行云流水一般流暢，而你的語言也會隨著思路從容地表達(dá)出來。
下面以2011年05月13日北美新托福獨(dú)立寫作真題為例，題目為：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
It is better for parents to encourage their children to take a part-time job.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
題目：父母該不該鼓勵孩子做兼職工作?
破題思路：
1)問：不做兼職會怎樣?答：有可能無所事事而招惹麻煩，受到周圍人的影響沾染上壞習(xí)性。
2)問：做兼職會怎樣?答：學(xué)會管理時(shí)間、培養(yǎng)責(zé)任心、珍惜閑暇時(shí)光和辛苦賺到的錢(全文中心論點(diǎn))。
因此，開頭可以這樣展開。
第一句，不做兼職可能會怎樣：
Children with too much free time are more likely to get themselves in trouble because teenagers tend to develop bad behavior from the influence of their friends and peers.
第二句，還是做兼職好(引出中心論點(diǎn))：
I think that a parent should encourage his or her children to do a part-time job to instill in them the value of time management, a sense of personal responsibility, and also to help them to learn the value of money.
中間段落的邏輯展開也可以如法炮制，如Paragraph 1：
問：做兼職有何好處?答：學(xué)會管理時(shí)間(本段論點(diǎn))。
While a part-time job sometimes conflicts with studies, this experience can help young people acquire important time management skills that will help them succeed in college.
問：具體而言，管理時(shí)間有何意義?答：拖延時(shí)間會拉低學(xué)習(xí)成績(舉例論證)。
If students begin learning to manage a tight schedule in high school, they will soon understand that procrastination can be detrimental to their grade point average.
得出結(jié)論，點(diǎn)題：
A part-time job makes them block off more time each day for work, school and homework.
反問：如果不做兼職可能會怎樣?答：時(shí)間觀念差(再次強(qiáng)調(diào)論點(diǎn))。
Without a part-time job, their schedules are more likely to be unstructured.
后面的段落與之相仿，也是通過自問自答將行文邏輯展開，層層遞進(jìn)、環(huán)環(huán)相扣。這樣的文章思路清晰、邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、可操作性強(qiáng)，便于模仿和記憶。
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