在托福綜合寫作考試中，考生要通過閱讀內容和聽力內容2個部分來決定你的文章該怎么寫。那么對于閱讀內容中的中心論點及分論點就是考生需要注意的，應該如何去尋找呢?這里托福范文TOEFL寫作欄目編輯為大家整理了托福綜合寫作閱讀部分定位閱讀中心論點及分論點的方法（生態學科文章），希望對大家托福寫作備考有幫助。

這里小編通過TPO中的綜合寫作中的閱讀內容還給大家介紹一下如何找到定位閱讀內容的中心論點及分論點。

閱讀內容：

Large numbers of dinosaur fossils have been discovered in deposits on Alaska’s North Slope, a region that today experiences an extremely cold, arctic climate. One hundred million years ago, when those dinosaurs were alive, the environment of the North Slope was already inhospitable, especially during the winter when it experienced several months of total darkness. How did the dinosaurs survive the wintertime? Paleontologists have proposed that one of the most common North Slope dinosaurs, the elephant-sized Edmontosaur (Edmontosaurus), survived the winter by migrating south to more hospitable regions. Several arguments support the migration hypothesis.

現今經歷極寒，擁有北極氣候的阿拉斯加北坡，發掘出了大量恐龍化石。一億年以前，當這些恐龍依然存活的時候，北坡環境就已然不宜生物居住了，尤其在冬季，北坡經歷著長達數月的黑暗。當時的恐龍是如何在那里的冬季生存下來的?以當時最常見的北坡恐龍——一種大象般大小的埃德蒙頓龍為例，古生物學家做出了如此假設：埃德蒙頓龍依靠遷徙至南部更宜居的區域來度過北坡的冬季。對于以上假說，有如下幾點論據。

First, the Edmontosaur diet supports the migration hypothesis. Edmontosaurus fed exclusively on plants. Since there would have been no plants growing during the cold and dark North Slope winter, it appears that the Edmontosaur must have left for at least part of the year and migrated to more temperate zones to find food.

首先，埃德蒙頓龍的食譜支持了遷徙說。埃德蒙頓龍僅以植物為食。由于在寒冷而黑暗的冬天，北坡并無植物生長，埃德蒙頓龍勢必在一年中的部分時間離開北坡，遷徙至更溫暖的區域覓食。

Second, many Edmontosaur skeletons have been unearthed from the same site. This suggests that Edmontosaurs lived in herd. Many modern-day migratory animals, such as caribou and buffalo, live and migrate in herds as well. Moving in herds helps animals coordinate their migration. The finding that Edmontosaurs lived in herds further supports the migration hypothesis.

第二，許多埃德蒙頓龍骨架在相同的地點被發掘出了。這顯示埃德蒙頓龍屬于群居生物。許多現今存在的遷徙動物，比如馴鹿和水牛，也是成群結隊遷徙的。成群移動能夠幫助動物們在遷徙過程中更加協調一致。埃德蒙頓龍屬群居動物這一發現，支持了遷徙說。

Finally, Edmontosaurs were physically capable of migrating long distances. To reach more hospitable regions, the Edmontosaur had to migrate about 1,600 kilometers southward. To make such a journey, the Edmontosaur needed to move at about five kilometers per hour for several weeks, which certainly could do. These animals could run very fast, reaching speeds up to 45 kilometers per hour. It could have easily used its locomotive power to move to warmer climate during the harsh arctic winter.

最后，埃德蒙頓龍的生理構造能夠支持它們的長途遷徙。為了到達更加宜居的區域，埃德蒙頓龍必須朝南遷移1600公里。為了完成這一旅程，埃德蒙頓龍需要以每小時5公里的速度奔徙數周，當然，這些對于它們而言都不是事兒。埃德蒙頓龍奔跑的速度很快，接近每小時45公里。在嚴酷的北極冬季里，埃德蒙頓龍可以輕易地憑借其移動能力遷至溫暖的氣候環境中去。

看到這個文章，我們首先需要找到的內容就是中心論點：在這個閱讀內容中，首段最后一兩句往往是整篇文章總觀點，最好在紙上記下關鍵詞作為筆記

the elephant-sized Edmontosaur (Edmontosaurus), survived the winter by migrating south to more hospitable regions. Several arguments support the migration hypothesis.

那么分論點又有哪些呢?在這篇閱讀應該說中分論點位于主體段首句或倒數一/二兩句往往，若一主體段只有兩句，則可能整段才能概括主旨

First, the Edmontosaur diet supports the migration hypothesis.

The finding that Edmontosaurs lived in herds further supports the migration hypothesis.

Finally, Edmontosaurs were physically capable of migrating long distances.

其次對于閱讀文章的分論點，有時考生可以通過主體段來找分論點，下面小編就帶大家一起來看看。

閱讀主體段I：分論點 + 細節

First, the Edmontosaur diet supports the migration hypothesis. Edmontosaurus fed exclusively on plants. Since there would have been no plants growing during the cold and dark North Slope winter, it appears that the Edmontosaur must have left for at least part of the year and migrated to more temperate zones to find food.

分論點：每段的段首第一句或倒數一二兩句，短段落的主旨可能為全段，需自行總結

本段分論點為第一句。埃德蒙頓恐龍的飲食習慣支持遷徙假說。

細節: 閱讀中的細節一般包含舉例、數字、原因、比較、反復出現的單詞等

本段主要有一個細節：因為北坡寒冷又黑暗的環境里不可能有植物生長，所以埃德蒙頓恐龍肯定會遷徙到溫帶地區尋找食物。

在綜合寫作閱讀部分，不僅要準確找出分論點，相應細節也不可忽略。

此處分論點的段落結構是這樣的：

The Edmontosaur diet supports the migration hypothesis.

同義句轉換：The migration hypothesis has been proved through the Edmontosaur diet.

閱讀主體段II：分論點 + 細節

Second, many Edmontosaur skeletons have been unearthed from the same site. This suggests that Edmontosaurs lived in herd. Many modern-day migratory animals, such as caribou and buffalo, live and migrate in herds as well. Moving in herds helps animals coordinate their migration. The finding that Edmontosaurs lived in herds further supports the migration hypothesis.

分論點：每段的段首第一句或倒數一二兩句，短段落的主旨可能為全段

本段的分論點為最后一句。埃德蒙頓恐龍群居的特點進一步支持了遷徙假說。

細節: 閱讀中的細節一般包含舉例、數字、原因、比較、反復出現的單詞等

本段有兩個細節。以馴鹿和水牛等現在的遷徙動物為例，表明它們也是群居并且群體遷徙的。群體移動有助于協調動物的遷徙。

在綜合寫作閱讀部分，不僅要準確找出分論點，相應細節也不可忽略。

此處分論點的段落結構是這樣的：

The finding that Edmontosaurs lived in herds further supports the migration hypothesis.

同義句轉換：The fact that Edmontosaurs lived in herds also sustains the migration theory.

閱讀主體段III：分論點 + 細節

Finally, Edmontosaurs were physically capable of migrating long distances. To reach more hospitable regions, the Edmontosaur had to migrate about 1,600 kilometers southward. To make such a journey, the Edmontosaur needed to move at about five kilometers per hour for several weeks, which certainly could do. These animals could run very fast, reaching speeds up to 45 kilometers per hour. It could have easily used its locomotive power to move to warmer climate during the harsh arctic winter.

分論點：每段的段首第一句或倒數一二兩句，短段落的主旨可能為全段

本段的分論點為第一句。埃德蒙頓龍體力上能夠長距離遷徙。

細節: 閱讀中的細節一般包含舉例、數字、原因、比較、反復出現的單詞等

本段細節有兩個，進一步解釋了本段論據。第一，埃德蒙頓龍要向南遷徙大約1600公里才能到達更適宜居住的地方。第二，它們需要好幾周每小時遷移5公里左右。

在綜合寫作閱讀部分，不僅要準確找出分論點，相應細節也不可忽略。

此處分論點的段落結構是這樣的：

Edmontosaurs were physically capable of migrating long distances.

同義句轉換：Edmontosaurs were able to move such long distances physically.

以上就是小編能過實例子來為大家呈現托福綜合寫作閱讀（生態學科文章）內容中如何定位中心論點及分論點，希望對大家托福寫作提分有幫助。最后，小編預祝大家托福考試能取得理想的成績。

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