在托福綜合寫作考試中，考生要通過閱讀內(nèi)容和聽力內(nèi)容2個(gè)部分來決定你的文章該怎么寫。那么對(duì)于閱讀內(nèi)容中的中心論點(diǎn)及分論點(diǎn)就是考生需要注意的，應(yīng)該如何去尋找呢?這里托福范文TOEFL寫作欄目編輯為大家整理了托福綜合寫作閱讀部分定位閱讀中心論點(diǎn)及分論點(diǎn)的方法，希望對(duì)大家托福寫作備考有幫助。

這里小編通過TPO中的綜合寫作中的閱讀內(nèi)容還給大家介紹一下如何找到定位閱讀內(nèi)容的中心論點(diǎn)及分論點(diǎn)。

閱讀內(nèi)容：

In the United States, it had been common practice since the late 1960s not to suppress natural forest fires. The “l(fā)et it burn” policy assumed that forest fire would burn themselves out quickly, without causing much damage. However, in the summer of 1988, forest fires in Yellowstone, the most famous national park in the country, burned for more than two months and spread over a huge area, encompassing more than 800,000 acres. Because of the large scale of the damage, many people called for replacing the “l(fā)et it burn” policy with a policy of extinguishing forest fires as soon as they appeared. Three kinds of damage caused by the “l(fā)et it burn” policy were emphasized by critics of the policy.

在美國(guó)，從20世紀(jì)60年代末開始就非常普遍地對(duì)森林大火采取不撲滅的策略。這種“任其燃燒”的策略認(rèn)為森林大火可以在不造成太多損失的情況下迅速燃燒完。然而1988年發(fā)生在美國(guó)最出名的黃石國(guó)家公園的森林大火卻整整燃燒了兩個(gè)月，蔓延了80萬英畝。鑒于這次造成的巨大損失，很多人主張取消“任其燃燒”的策略，轉(zhuǎn)向開始全力撲滅森林大火的策略。評(píng)論家們提供了三個(gè)由“任其燃燒”策略造成的損害來支持這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。

First, Yellowstone fires caused tremendous damage to the park’s trees and other vegetation. When the fires finally died out, nearly one third of Yellowstone’s land had been scorched. Trees were charred and blackened from flames and smoke. Smaller plants were entirely incinerated. What had been a national treasure now seemed like a devastated wasteland.

首先，黃石大火給公園里的樹木以及其他植物造成了巨大的損失。當(dāng)火燃盡的時(shí)候，黃石公園接近三分之一的面積已成焦土。火焰燒焦樹木，濃煙熏黑樹木。小型植物則被徹底燒成灰燼。曾經(jīng)一度為國(guó)家寶庫的地方現(xiàn)在看起來像一片荒蕪之地。

Second, the park wildlife was affected as well. Large animals like deer and elk were seen fleeing the fire. Many smaller species were probably unable to escape. There was also concern that the destruction of habitats and the disruption of food chains would make it impossible for the animals that survived the fire to return.

第二，公園的野生動(dòng)物也遭到了傷害。像鹿或者麋鹿這些大型動(dòng)物在火災(zāi)中都逃脫了，但是很多小型動(dòng)物卻不能逃脫。同時(shí)，大火還破壞了動(dòng)物的棲息地并打亂了食物鏈，這使得大火在結(jié)束之后，逃離的動(dòng)物也無法回到棲息地。

Third, the fires compromised the value of the park as a tourist attraction, which in turn had negative consequences for the local economy. With several thousand acres of the park engulfed in flames, the tourist season was cut short, and a large number of visitors decided to stay away. Of course, local businesses that depended on park visitors suffered as a result.

第三，火災(zāi)會(huì)降低公園對(duì)游客的吸引力，進(jìn)而對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟(jì)造成不良的影響。由于數(shù)千英畝的土地被火焰吞沒，旅游旺季縮短了，而很多游客都會(huì)選擇放棄游覽黃石公園。當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)于旅游業(yè)依賴很大，自然會(huì)受到負(fù)面影響。

看到這個(gè)文章，我們首先需要找到的內(nèi)容就是中心論點(diǎn)，在這個(gè)閱讀內(nèi)容中，首段最后一兩句往往是整篇文章總觀點(diǎn)，最好在紙上記下關(guān)鍵詞作為筆記

Three kinds of damage caused by the “l(fā)et it burn” policy were emphasized by critics of the policy.

那么分論點(diǎn)又有哪些呢?在這篇閱讀應(yīng)該說中分論點(diǎn)位于主體段首句或倒數(shù)一/二兩句往往是該段分論點(diǎn)，若一主體段只有兩句，則可能整段才能概括主旨

First, Yellowstone fires caused tremendous damage to the park’s trees and other vegetation.

Second, the park wildlife was affected as well.

Third, the fires compromised the value of the park as a tourist attraction, which in turn had negative consequences for the local economy.

其次對(duì)于閱讀文章的分論點(diǎn)，有時(shí)考生可以通過主體段來找分論點(diǎn)，下面小編就帶大家一起來看看。

閱讀主體段I：分論點(diǎn) + 細(xì)節(jié)

First, Yellowstone fires caused tremendous damage to the park’s trees and other vegetation. When the fires finally died out, nearly one third of Yellowstone’s land had been scorched. Trees were charred and blackened from flames and smoke. Smaller plants were entirely incinerated. What had been a national treasure now seemed like a devastated wasteland.

分論點(diǎn)：每段的段首第一句或倒數(shù)一二兩句，短段落的主旨可能為全段，需自行總結(jié)

本段分論點(diǎn)是黃石大火給公園里的樹及其他植物造成了巨大的損失。

細(xì)節(jié): 閱讀中的細(xì)節(jié)一般包含舉例、數(shù)字、原因、比較、反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的單詞等

本段主要有一細(xì)節(jié)：火焰燒焦樹木，濃煙熏黑樹木，小型植物則被徹底燒成灰燼。

在綜合寫作閱讀部分，不僅要準(zhǔn)確找出分論點(diǎn)，相應(yīng)細(xì)節(jié)也不可忽略。

此處分論點(diǎn)的段落結(jié)構(gòu)是這樣的：

Yellowstone fires caused tremendous damage to the park’s trees and other vegetation.

同義句轉(zhuǎn)換：Yellowstone fires made the park’s trees and other vegetation go through severe damage.

閱讀主體段II：分論點(diǎn) + 細(xì)節(jié)

Second, the park wildlife was affected as well. Large animals like deer and elk were seen fleeing the fire. Many smaller species were probably unable to escape. There was also concern that the destruction of habitats and the disruption of food chains would make it impossible for the animals that survived the fire to return.

分論點(diǎn)：每段的段首第一句或倒數(shù)一二兩句，短段落的主旨可能為全段

本段的分論點(diǎn)為第一句。公園的野生動(dòng)物也受到了影響。

細(xì)節(jié): 閱讀中的細(xì)節(jié)一般包含舉例、數(shù)字、原因、比較、反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的單詞等

本段有一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)。大型動(dòng)物在火災(zāi)中逃脫了，但很多小型動(dòng)物卻不能逃脫。

在綜合寫作閱讀部分，不僅要準(zhǔn)確找出分論點(diǎn)，相應(yīng)細(xì)節(jié)也不可忽略。

此處分論點(diǎn)的段落結(jié)構(gòu)是這樣的：

The park wildlife was affected as well.

同義句轉(zhuǎn)換：The park wildlife was also affected.

閱讀主體段III：分論點(diǎn) + 細(xì)節(jié)

Third, the fires compromised the value of the park as a tourist attraction, which in turn had negative consequences for the local economy. With several thousand acres of the park engulfed in flames, the tourist season was cut short, and a large number of visitors decided to stay away. Of course, local businesses that depended on park visitors suffered as a result.

分論點(diǎn)：每段的段首第一句或倒數(shù)一二兩句，短段落的主旨可能為全段

本段的分論點(diǎn)為第一句。火災(zāi)降低了公園對(duì)游客的吸引力。

細(xì)節(jié): 閱讀中的細(xì)節(jié)一般包含舉例、數(shù)字、原因、比較、反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的單詞等

本段細(xì)節(jié)有一個(gè)，旅游旺季縮短，很多游客放棄游覽黃石公園。

在綜合寫作閱讀部分，不僅要準(zhǔn)確找出分論點(diǎn)，相應(yīng)細(xì)節(jié)也不可忽略。

此處分論點(diǎn)的段落結(jié)構(gòu)是這樣的：

The fires compromised the value of the park as a tourist attraction.

同義句轉(zhuǎn)換：The fires made the park come to terms with a tourist attraction.

以上就是小編能過實(shí)例子來為大家呈現(xiàn)托福綜合寫作閱讀內(nèi)容(生態(tài)學(xué)科文章)中如何定位中心論點(diǎn)及分論點(diǎn)，希望對(duì)大家托福寫作提分有幫助。最后，小編預(yù)祝大家托福考試能取得理想的成績(jī)。

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