巧用名詞化表達提升托福寫作水平
曾有人說過，老外眼中句子分為3個檔次，最差的是主動句，較好的是被動句、倒裝句等，最好的是nominalization(名詞化)的句子，因為這樣的句子最學術最適合寫論文。如果在托福寫作中能用到一些名詞化的句子，必將為自己的托福寫作沖刺高分帶來幫助。那么到底什么是名詞化的句子呢?
簡單說，名詞化即是動詞或形容詞被用作名詞的現象。比如動詞轉成名詞：discovery→discovery， move→movement， refuse→refusal;再比如形容詞轉成名詞：careless→carelessness， difficult→difficulty， intense→intensity。
在以下四種情況里我們可以合理將句子名詞化表達：
1. 謂語動詞的賓語部分
原句：I do not know either what she meant or what he intends.
名詞化：I do not know either her meaning or his intentions.
2. 結合被動形式
原句：If people decide without enough persuasive information，...
名詞化：If a decision is made without enough persuasive information，...
3. 取代諸如從句中“the fact that”的用法
原句：The fact that I denied what he accused me of impressed the jury.
名詞化：My denial of his accusations impressed the jury.
更好的名詞化：
a. When I denied his accusations， I impressed the jury.
b. In denying his accusations， I impressed the jury.
4. 名詞化部分用在there is/are的后面
原句：We demand that the government stop taxing entertainment.
名詞化：There is a demand for an end to taxation on entertainment.
原句：The floods considerably eroded the land.
名詞化：There was considerable erosion of the land from the floods.
而以下的這些名詞化表達則顯得畫蛇添足，并無必要：
1. 名詞化部分跟在動詞后面
原句：The police conducted an investigation into the matter.
改后：The police investigated the matter.
2. 名詞化部分作為主語
原句：Our discussion is concerned with a tax cut.
改后：We discussed a tax cut.
3. 連續進行名詞化
原句：
a. First， she reviewed the evolution of the dorsal fin.
b. There was a first a review of the evolution of the dorsal fin.
改后：First， she reviewed how the dorsal fin evolved.
4. 連接部分名詞化
原句：Their cessation of hostilities was because of their personnel losses.
改后：They ceased hostilities because they lost personnel.
原句：The instability of the motor housing did not preclude the completion of the field trials.
改后：Even though the motor housing was unstable， the research staff completed the field trials.
各位TOEFLer在托福寫作備考中，可以結合具體文章需要，進行名詞化表達的嘗試，合理巧妙地使用可以有效提升我們的托福寫作水平。
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