世界氣象組織秘書長佩蒂瑞·特拉斯在2017年世界氣象日上的致辭（中英對照版）

Message from WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas on World Meteorological Day

世界氣象組織秘書長佩蒂瑞·塔拉斯世界氣象日致辭

Understanding Clouds

觀云識天

23 March 2017

2017年3月22日

Throughout the centuries, few natural phenomena have inspired as much scientific thought and artistic reflection as clouds.

縱觀多個世紀，很少有像云一樣激發出了如此眾多的科學思想和藝術內涵的自然現象。

More than two millennia ago, Aristotle studied clouds and wrote a treatise addressing their role in the hydrological cycle. But it was Luke Howard, an amateur meteorologist living in England in the early 19th century, who produced the first classification of clouds.

兩千多年前，亞里士多德專研云并撰寫了一篇論述，闡述了云在水文循環中的作用。但是云的首次分類，是由19世紀初住在英國的業余氣象學家盧克·霍華德進行的。

Drawing on his comprehensive records of weather in the London area from 1801 to 1841, Howard identified three main genera, or categories, of cloud: cumulus, stratus and cirrus. Identifying, describing and naming clouds remains critical to the study of weather and climate.

霍華德根據他從1801年到1841年對倫敦地區的綜合天氣記錄，確定了云的三大屬或類別：積云、層云和卷云。識別、描述和命名云對天氣和氣候的研究依然是舉足輕重的。

Today, scientists understand that clouds play a vital role in regulating the Earth’s energy balance, climate and weather. They help to drive the water cycle and the entire climate system. Understanding clouds is essential for forecasting weather conditions, modelling the impacts of future climate change and predicting the availability of water resources.

今天，科學家們了解到，云在調節地球能量平衡、氣候和天氣方面起著關鍵作用。它們有助于驅動水循環和整個氣候系統。了解云對于預測天氣條件、模擬未來氣候變化的影響以及預測可用水資源極為重要。

Music, art and poetry

音樂、藝術和詩歌

The evocative symbolism of clouds has inspired many artists around the world, including poets, musicians, photographers and other enthusiasts. To take just one example, the first orchestral Nocturne by Debussy, entitled Nuages (clouds), is one of the masterpieces of musical impressionism. Photographers are particularly fascinated by clouds, including those who enthusiastically contributed to the WMO 2017 calendar illustrating this year’s World Meteorological Day Theme of “Understanding Clouds.”

云的象征主義特性啟發了世界各地的藝術家：詩人、音樂家、攝影師和其他愛好者。舉個例子，德彪西的第一部管弦樂“夜曲”，題為Nuages（云），是音樂印象主義的杰作之一。攝影師們對云尤為著迷，這里面也包括對WMO 2017年掛歷積極投稿的人，他們一同詮釋了今年的世界氣象日主題“觀云識天”。

Clouds are also embedded in cultural symbols and habits of thought. In China, “auspicious clouds” represent the heavens and good luck. In some languages people say “she has her head in the clouds” to indicate somebody who is immersed in fantastic dreams or ideas. In the modern world, “the cloud” now refers to that amorphous space that holds, not rain, but Internet resources and digitized data.

云也嵌入到了文化符號和人們的思維習慣中。在中國，“祥云”代表了上天和幸運。在某些語言中，人們說“把頭埋在云里”，表示人們沉浸在魔幻般的夢境或思維中。在現代世界中，“云”指一種無形空間，其內蘊藏著互聯網資源和數字化資料，而不是雨。

Going digital: an Atlas for the Internet Age

走向數字化：互聯網時代的圖集

The International Cloud Atlas is the single most authoritative and comprehensive reference for identifying clouds. Its reputation is legendary among cloud enthusiasts. The existing Atlas was first published in the late 19th century. It contains a detailed manual of standards and numerous plates of photographs of clouds and certain other weather phenomena.

《國際云圖集》是識別云方面唯一最權威和最全面的參考文獻。它在云愛好者心中具有傳奇聲望。現有的圖集首版于19世紀末，內含一個詳細的標準手冊和大量云及一些其他天氣現象的照片。

After the last revision 30 years ago, a fully updated and revised edition will now be launched for World Meteorological Day on 23 March 2017.

繼30年前最后一次修訂之后，其全面更新和修訂版將于2017年3月23日世界氣象日推出。

For the first time, the 2017 edition will primarily be an on-line digital product. It offers a treasure trove of hundreds of images of clouds, including a few cloud classifications, such as the volutus, a roll cloud, the contrail, a vapor trail sometimes produced by airplanes, and the asperitas, an undulated cloud. In addition, the Atlas contains important information on other meteorological phenomena such as rainbows, halos, snow devils and hailstones.

2017年版將主要是在線數字產品，這還是第一次。它是一個含數百張云圖的寶庫，其中包括了幾種新的分類，如軋卷云、飛機云（有時由飛機產生的蒸汽尾跡形成）和波狀粗糙云。此外，圖集中還包含了虹、光暈、雪塵柱和冰雹等其他氣象現象的重要信息。

Advances in science, technology and photography prompted WMO to undertake the ambitious and exhaustive task of revising and updating the Atlas with images contributed by meteorologists, cloud watchers and photographers.

這次對由氣象學家、云觀察家和攝影師提供的圖組成的圖集進行修改并更新可謂氣勢宏大、包羅萬象，科學、技術和攝影的進步激勵著WMO承擔起這項任務。

The Atlas also serves as an essential training tool for professionals working in meteorological services and companies and in sectors such as aviation and shipping.

圖集還為在氣象部門和公司以及航空和航運等行業工作的專業人員提供了必要的培訓工具。

Understanding weather and climate phenomena to protect life and property and assist communities to become more resilient is the core mission of WMO. We will continue to assist governments to provide the best possible weather, climate, hydrology, marine and environmental services to protect life and property and to support decision-making.

了解天氣和氣候現象以保護生命和財產，協助社會變得更有抵御力，這是WMO的核心使命。我們將繼續協助各國政府提供最好的天氣、氣候、水文、海洋和環境服務，以保護生命和財產、為決策提供支持。

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