李克強總理
博鰲亞洲論壇2012年年會3日下午閉幕，本屆年會為期3天，主題是“變革世界中的亞洲：邁向健康與可持續發展”。中共中央政治局常委、國務院副總理李克強出席開幕式并發表主旨演講。

凝聚共識　促進亞洲健康可持續發展

——在博鰲亞洲論壇2012年年會開幕式上的演講

中華人民共和國國務院副總理　李克強

2012年4月2日，中國博鰲

Asia: Coming together for Sound and Sustainable Development

--Speech by H.E. Li Keqiang

Vice Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China

At the Opening Plenary of the Boao Forum for Asia

Annual Conference 2012

Boao, China, 2 April 2012

尊敬的各位貴賓，

女士們、先生們，朋友們：

Distinguished Guests,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Dear Friends,

很高興參加博鰲亞洲論壇2012年年會，與來自世界各國的朋友們見面。我們開會的地方——博鰲，十多年前還是一個鮮為人知的小漁村，現在已成為可以共商亞洲發展之計的大平臺。博鰲是在中國和亞洲開放發展中快速成長起來的，它的開放與變化表明了中國與亞洲、亞洲與世界的聯系日益密切。可以說，身在博鰲能夠“博覽天下”、“博采眾長”，博鰲論壇是一個立足亞洲、面向世界、開放包容的大平臺。論壇本次年會以變革的世界為背景，謀求亞洲健康與可持續發展，很有意義。在此，我謹代表中國政府，對年會的召開表示熱烈祝賀！對各位遠道而來的嘉賓表示誠摯歡迎！

It is my great pleasure to join friends from the world at the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2012. More than a decade ago, Boao was still a small fishing village little known to the outside world. Today, it has become a major platform for people to compare notes on issues important to Asia's development. Boao has grown through the opening-up and development of Asia and China, its opening-up and changes have reflected how deeply connected China and Asia, Asia and the world have become. This gathering gives all of us a good opportunity to look at our world and learn from each other. The Boao Forum is an open and inclusive platform, based in Asia yet with a global perspective. This year's theme "Asia in the Changing World: Moving Toward Sound and Sustainable Development" is a highly relevant one. On behalf of the Chinese government, I would like to extend our warmest congratulations on the opening of the conference and our sincere welcome to all the participants coming from afar.

世界在關注亞洲，亞洲也在關注世界。當今時代，國際形勢正在發生深刻復雜的調整和變化。我們看到，雖然全球經濟顯露恢復的跡象，一些國家出現好的增長兆頭，但國際金融危機深層次影響尚未消除，歐洲主權債務危機還在持續，實現世界經濟全面復蘇仍然是一個長期艱難曲折的過程。同時，世界經濟結構調整步伐加快，新一輪科技變革與產業創新正在孕育，經濟全球化、區域一體化在曲折中推進，國際政治經濟秩序深刻調整，新興經濟體的重要性日益顯現。

As the world sets its eyes on Asia, Asia is also looking at the world. Right now, profound and complex adjustment and changes are taking place around the globe. Although the world economy has shown signs of recovery and growth outlook in some countries gives reasons for optimism, the underlying impacts of the international financial crisis are still with us. The sovereign debt crisis in Europe persists. Achieving a full global recovery will remain a long and arduous process. At the same time, a new round of technological progress and industrial innovation is in the offing, as worldwide economic restructuring is picking up speed, economic globalization and regional integration moving forward despite twists and turns, adjustment in international political and economic order going into greater depth and the emerging economies playing even greater roles.

博鰲論壇誕生于亞洲金融危機之后。十多年來，亞洲國家在應對風險中提高了自身免疫力，在調整變革中促進了經濟健康發展。這次國際金融危機中，亞洲經濟率先復蘇，呈現出比較好的基本面。目前，亞洲經濟總量已占世界的30%以上，亞洲經濟增長對世界的貢獻率超過30%。亞洲成為全球新興經濟體最為集中的地區，后發優勢和發展潛能進一步展現。

This Forum came into being in the wake of the Asian financial crisis. In the past decade and more, Asian countries have acquired greater resilience in dealing with risks and endeavored to promote sound economic development through adjustment and reform. In the current international financial crisis, Asian economy has been the first to recover and displayed solid fundamentals. Asia now accounts for over 30 percent of global GDP. Asia's contribution to global growth also surpasses 30 percent. This region hosts more emerging economies than any other part of the world, and its late-development advantages and development potential have become more evident.

當然，亞洲許多國家發展水平總體較低，區域內各國發展差距仍然很大，資源環境制約日益加劇，地區安全穩定存在挑戰，發展的道路并非平坦，成長中的煩惱也不少。同時，一些國家和地區還面臨經濟增長下行、物價上漲、就業壓力加大等問題。這些都需要認真加以對待。

Admittedly though, the overall level of development in many Asian countries is still quite low. There are significant development gaps between different Asian countries. Resource and environmental constraints are worsening. Regional security and stability face challenges. The road towards development will not be all smooth and there will be plenty of growing pains. Meanwhile, some countries and regions must still come to grips with such problems as economic slowdown, rising prices and mounting employment pressure. These issues all call for serious attention.

亞洲的發展，機遇和挑戰并存，希望和困難同在；但機遇多于挑戰，困難可以克服。回顧歷史，亞洲孕育了多個文明，創造過輝煌。近代以來，亞洲歷經磨難和考驗，在奮斗中不斷發展。現在，亞洲已經站在一個新的起點上，自強不息、開拓進取的亞洲人民正在攜手創造新的崛起，面向世界，走向未來，邁向現代化。在世界調整與變革的大勢下，我們愿與亞洲各國一道，凝聚共識，攜手努力，應對挑戰，戰勝困難，共同推動亞洲健康與可持續發展。

We know that in Asia's development, opportunities and challenges and hopes and difficulties exist side by side. We also know that opportunities and hopes outweigh challenges and difficulties. History recalls that Asia was the cradle of several proud civilizations and the region where splendor was created profusely. In modern times, Asia has gone through trials and tribulations and worked relentlessly for development. Today, Asia is at a new starting point. The resilient and enterprising people in Asia are working together to embrace a new rise, thus bringing themselves to the world, to a better future and to modernity. In this changing world, China is ready to work with other Asian countries to jointly cope with challenges and overcome difficulties, so to push forward Asia's sound and sustainable development.

一是立足內生增長。這是亞洲健康與可持續發展的獨特優勢，也是亞洲開放型經濟發展的新趨勢。亞洲人口約占全球的45%，絕大多數國家是發展中國家，各國國內和各國之間發展不平衡，內需市場潛力巨大。亞洲還擁有世界上最多的勞動人口，有最大的工程師與科研人員隊伍，人力資源優勢明顯。在繼續發揮比較優勢、參與全球競爭的同時，著力開拓內需市場；在保持投資適度增長、增加要素投入的同時，充分發揮消費的作用，發揮科技進步和勞動者素質提高的潛能，亞洲經濟是能夠實現強勁、可持續、平衡增長的。

First, we should promote internal drivers of growth. Here lies Asia's unique advantage in achieving sound and sustainable development. It is also the new trend in the open economic development in Asia. Asia is home to around 45 percent of the world's population. Most Asian countries are developing countries. Development is uneven both inside individual countries and among them, which gives a huge potential in their markets of domestic demand. Asia also has the world's largest labor force and the largest pool of engineers and scientific researchers, enjoying a remarkable edge in human resources. While continuing to unleash its comparative advantages in global competition, it is important for Asia to explore and expand markets of domestic demand, and while maintaining measured investment growth and increased factors input, Asia should fully tap the potential of consumer spending, technological upgrading and improvement of labor skills. In so doing, Asia's economy will be able to achieve robust, sustainable and balanced growth.

二是秉承開放包容。這是亞洲健康與可持續發展的必然要求。過去亞洲經濟的快速增長是在開放中實現的，今后亞洲進一步發展仍需堅持開放，包括向世界開放和各國相互開放。實行開放的地區政策，在開放中相互促進、取長補短，對亞洲持久發展意義重大。各國應增進相互信任，加強學習借鑒，倡導包容性增長，在重大國際和地區問題上保持溝通協調，積極應對氣候變化、糧食和能源資源安全等全球性挑戰，主動參與全球治理結構和國際金融體系調整改革。同時，我們歡迎地區外國家參與亞洲發展進程并發揮建設性作用。這有利于促進亞洲繁榮，有利于促進新興經濟體與發達經濟體深化合作，有利于世界和平、穩定和發展。參加本次年會的嘉賓有1/3來自歐美國家，這從一個側面反映了亞洲更加開放。

Second, we should stay open and inclusive. Here lies the inevitable requirement for Asia's sound and sustainable development. The fast growth Asia has achieved in the past is due to its openness. Asia should stay open, both to the world and among its members. Open regionalism with mutual learning is crucial to the sustained development of Asia. Countries in Asia should enhance their mutual trust, draw on each other's strength, advocate inclusive growth, maintain communication and coordination on major international and regional issues, and get actively involved in addressing climate change, food, energy and resources security and other global challenges as well as adjustment and reform of the global governance structure and international financial system. At the same time, we welcome involvement of countries outside the region in Asia's development and a constructive role they play in this process, for this serves to promote Asia's prosperity, enhance deepened cooperation between emerging economies and developed ones and is conducive to the peace, stability and development of the world. One third of the guests to this year's forum come from European and American countries, which has reflected a more open Asia.

三是實現互利共贏。這是亞洲健康與可持續發展的有效途徑。近年來，亞洲國家之間各種務實合作不斷加深，東南亞、中亞、東北亞、南亞等區域合作成果豐碩。目前，亞洲區域內貿易占全部貿易的比重已超過50%，彼此在合作中獲得了發展的紅利。新的形勢下，需要各國繼續加強磋商與合作，推動全球貿易自由化、投資便利化，反對各種形式的保護主義，提升交通、通信、能源等基礎設施互聯互通和網絡化水平，深化區域及次區域合作，促進亞洲和世界各國共同發展。開放合作于人有利，于己有利，是互利共贏之路。

Third, we should go after mutual benefit and win-win result. Here lies the effective way for Asia's sound and sustainable development. In recent years, Asian countries have deepened their practical cooperation of various types through fruitful cooperation programs in Southeast Asia, Central Asia, Northeast Asia and South Asia. Intra-Asian trade has accounted for over half of Asian countries' total foreign trade, allowing them to reap handsome dividends for development. Under the new circumstances, Asian countries need to further enhance their consultation and cooperation, promote trade liberalization and investment facilitation, oppose all forms of protectionism, upgrade the connectivity and networks of transport, communication and energy infrastructure, deepen regional and sub-regional cooperation, and work to promote common development between Asia and the rest of the world. Openness and cooperation benefits all and leads to win-win progress.

四是促進團結和諧。這是亞洲健康與可持續發展的有力保障。亞洲各國體制和模式多樣，民族和文化多元，團結互助格外重要。建設一個和平、團結、和諧的亞洲，需要繼續發揚同舟共濟的精神，共同應對金融危機沖擊和經濟風險挑戰，共同克服重大自然災害的影響，共同解決發展中遇到的階段性難題；需要在經濟發展中更加重視社會公平正義，更多幫助欠發達地區和困難群體，促進各國人民共享發展的成果。

Fourth, we should advocate solidarity and harmony. Here lies the strong guarantee for Asia's sound and sustainable development. Given the Asian countries' differences in social system and development model and diversity in ethnic structure and cultural heritage, solidarity and mutual assistance in Asia is of particular importance. A peaceful, united and harmonious Asia requires that we continue working together like passengers traveling in the same boat and make concerted efforts to respond to the impact of financial and economic crises, mitigate major natural disasters and address development bottlenecks. We are also required to place greater importance on social equity and justice while pursuing economic development, give greater help to underdeveloped areas and distressed groups and ensure that people of all countries can share the fruits of development.

五是堅持和平發展。這是亞洲健康與可持續發展的重要基石。亞洲之所以能夠取得今天的發展成就，很大程度上得益于長期保持了總體和平穩定的局面。在經濟全球化和新的國際體系中，各國和亞洲的繁榮發展，應當也只能通過和平與合作來實現。從戰略高度考慮彼此關系，求同存異，尋求利益最大交匯點，是各方根本利益和長遠利益所在。無論是以往的遺留問題，還是現實的分歧和爭端，只要有關各方從維護相互友好關系和發展大局出發，尊重歷史，遵循國際關系的基本準則，是能夠通過對話協商與和平談判解決的。這是亞洲之福、世界之幸。

Fifth, we should stay committed to peaceful development. Here lies the vital cornerstone for Asia's sound and sustainable development. Asia's success in development is largely attributable to the overall peace and stability the region has enjoyed over the years. With ongoing economic globalization and the changing international system, Asia and the countries in the region should and must achieve their growth and prosperity through peace and cooperation. Countries will have their fundamental and long-term interests served if they view their relations with each other from a strategic perspective, seek common ground while reserving differences and seek the maximum convergence of interests. As long as the parties concerned proceed from the larger picture of friendly relations among Asian countries and the development of Asia as a whole, respect history, and abide by the basic norms governing international relations, we will be able to solve our problems through dialogue, consultation and peaceful negotiation, be it issues left over from history or differences and disputes of the day. It will be a blessing for both Asia and the world.

女士們、先生們！

Ladies and Gentlemen,

中國是亞洲大家庭的一員，中國經濟與亞洲經濟密不可分。中國堅持走經濟社會全面協調可持續的科學發展之路，也將為亞洲健康與可持續發展貢獻力量。近年來，中國經濟繼續朝著宏觀調控的預期方向發展，實現了經濟平穩較快增長和民生不斷改善。中國經濟的基本面是好的，發展的態勢沒有改變，有條件保持經濟長期平穩較快發展。

As a member of the Asian family, China is closely interdependent with Asia economically. A China that is committed to scientific development, which features comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable economic and social development, will contribute to a sound and sustainable development in Asia. In recent years, China's economy has grown in line with macro-economic management. The economic growth has been fairly fast and people's lives have been improved. The fundamentals of China's economy are sound. The country has not changed its course of development and is capable of maintaining long-term, steady and fairly fast development.

我們也認識到，中國仍然是世界上最大的發展中國家，發展中不平衡、不協調、不可持續問題依然突出，一些結構性矛盾凸顯，需要逐步解決。當前，我們將按照推動科學發展、加快轉變經濟發展方式的要求，把握穩中求進的總基調，既立足當前，穩增長、控物價、促和諧；又著眼長遠，在調結構、惠民生、抓改革等方面取得新進展，繼續促進中國經濟社會全面協調可持續發展。

We should also be mindful that China remains the largest developing country in the world. There is a serious lack of balance, coordination and sustainability in its development, and some outstanding structural problems need to be addressed gradually. At present, we will seek progress while maintaining stability as we work to promote scientific development and move faster in changing the growth model. We will address the immediate needs by ensuring steady growth, controlling price level and promoting harmony while keeping an eye on the future by ensuring fresh progress in structural adjustment, improvement in people's livelihood and continued reforms with a view to promoting a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable economic and social development in China.

繼續促進中國經濟社會發展，加快轉型是關鍵。加快轉變經濟發展方式是中國“十二五”發展的主線，經濟結構戰略性調整是轉方式的主攻方向，擴大內需是結構調整的首要任務，城鎮化是中國內需最大的潛力所在。中國人口多，地域遼闊，正處于工業化、城鎮化持續發展的階段。去年城鎮人口比率剛剛超過50%，每提高1個百分點就會有1000多萬人口從農村轉入城鎮，能夠釋放巨大的消費和投資需求。同時，提升工業發展水平，促進服務業加快發展并提升其比重，可以為擴大內需、增加就業提供強有力的產業支撐；保障糧食安全、保護生態環境、發展現代農業，可以為擴大內需奠定堅實的物質基礎。總之，協調推進工業化、城鎮化和農業現代化，實行“三化”并舉，是中國現代化的必由路徑，也是轉方式、調結構、擴內需的戰略舉措，可以助推中國在“十二五”期間乃至更長時期保持經濟適度較快增長，不斷提高發展的質量和效益。

A faster shift of the growth model holds the key to continued economic and social development in China. China's 12th Five-Year Plan calls for faster change of the growth model, which makes strategic adjustment of the country's economic structure a top priority. The primary task of the structural adjustment is to expand domestic demand, and the best way to do that lies in urbanization. China has a large population and vast areas. The country as a whole is in the middle of ongoing industrialization and urbanization. Last year, China's urbanization rate for the first time exceeded 50 percent. Each additional percentage point in this figure means more than 10 million rural residents becoming city dwellers, along with their enormous demand for consumption and investment. At the same time, upgrading industries and speeding up the development of service sector for its larger share in the economy can provide a strong industrial support for larger domestic demand and more employment. What is more, better food security, better protection of the ecosystem and development of a modern agriculture can lay a solid material foundation for larger domestic demand. In a word, continued industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization pushed in a balanced way is the necessary path for China's modernization. It is also a strategic move to ensure the shift of the growth model, structural adjustment and larger domestic demand. This move will help China maintain fairly rapid economic growth in the 12th Five-Year Plan period and beyond while improving the quality and cost-effectiveness of development.

繼續促進中國經濟社會發展，改善民生是根本。我們加快轉型、調整結構，根本目的是保障和改善民生。而保障和改善民生又有利于增加收入、刺激消費、開拓市場，發展經濟與改善民生相輔相成，可以形成良性互動。中國正在進行的就業扶持、保障性安居工程建設、全民醫保等醫改重點工作的推進、集中連片扶貧攻堅等都是重大民生工程，也是重大發展工程。實施這些工程，致力于保障群眾基本生活，同時增加中低收入者收入，都是調節收入分配的重大措施。我們將著眼于提高人民生活水平和質量，構建社會保障的安全網，推進基本公共服務均等化，鼓勵就業創業，努力實現居民收入增長和經濟發展同步，提高居民消費能力，擴大國內需求，使現代化建設不斷向前推進，使全體人民共享成果、切實受益。

Improved livelihood is the ultimate goal of continued economic and social development in China. The fundamental goal of our efforts to accelerate the transformation of the growth model and adjust structure is to ensure and improve people's livelihood. This would increase people's income, stimulate consumption and expand market demand. Our efforts to promote growth and our endeavor to improve people's lives reinforce each other. China is implementing such projects as employment support, social housing, full coverage of health care and large-scale poverty alleviation. These major projects are important to people's livelihood and China's development. Aimed at ensuring people's basic livelihood and raising the income of the low-income groups, these are also major measures to regulate income distribution. We will, with a view to raising the level and quality of people's lives, build a social security net, promote equal access to basic public services and encourage the people to go for employment or to create jobs. We will raise people's income in tandem with economic growth and expand consumption and domestic demand. Our purpose is to make steady progress in China's modernization drive and bring benefits to the entire population.

繼續促進中國經濟社會發展，改革創新是動力。30多年來中國發展取得巨大成就，進入新世紀后現代化建設邁出重大步伐，靠的是改革開放。面對世情、國情的深刻變化，破除那些不利于經濟發展方式轉變的體制機制障礙，還是要靠改革開放。中國改革已進入攻堅時期。我們將深化財稅、金融、價格、收入分配、企業等方面改革，努力在重點領域和關鍵環節實現新突破，更好地發揮市場機制在資源配置中的基礎性作用，全面推進制度創新、技術創新、管理創新，注重增強發展的內生動力和內在活力。中國擴大內需是在對外開放條件下進行的。我們堅持實行更加積極主動的開放戰略，實行出口和進口并重、利用外資和對外投資并舉，有重點地擴大進口、促進對外貿易平衡發展，努力提高開放型經濟發展水平。中國對內外資企業一視同仁，致力于營造公開透明、公平競爭、可預期的市場和法治環境，加大知識產權保護力度，促進各類企業在創新轉型中共同發展。

Reform and innovation provide the driving force for continued economic and social development in China. It is reform and opening-up that has delivered the remarkable progress in China's development over the past 30-odd years and its significant strides forward in modernization in the 21st century. Faced with the profound changes in international and domestic landscapes, we must let reform and opening-up continue to lead the way in removing the institutional obstacles that hamper the shift of the growth model. China has entered the critical stage of reform. We will deepen reform of the fiscal sector, taxation, finance, pricing, income distribution and enterprises, endeavor to make breakthroughs in the key areas and key links, bring into better play the market's fundamental role in resource allocation and advance institutional, technological and management innovation in an all-round way so as to increase the internal driving force and dynamism of development. China's efforts to expand domestic demand are made in the context of continued opening-up. Going forward, we will adopt an even more proactive opening-up strategy, attach equal importance to export and import, continue to welcome foreign investment while promoting investment overseas, increase import with priorities, promote balanced development of foreign trade and endeavor to raise the level of an open economy. China gives equal treatment to domestic and foreign-invested enterprises. China is dedicated to creating an open, transparent, fair, competitive and predictable marketplace and legal environment. China will step up IPR protection and promote the common development of all types of enterprises through innovation and shift of the growth model.

女士們、先生們！

Ladies and gentlemen,

中國把擴大對亞洲開放作為對外開放的戰略重點。目前，中國是亞洲第一大進口市場，是許多亞洲經濟體的最大貿易伙伴，也是亞洲重要的投資來源地，與亞洲國家各領域交往十分頻繁。我們愿與各有關國家一道，繼續推進中國－東盟、上合組織、中日韓、東盟和中日韓、亞太經合組織等區域合作機制建設，推進雙邊與多邊自貿區建設，拓展在新興產業、基礎設施、金融、科技等方面的合作；擴大人文合作尤其是青年交流和民間往來，推進文化交流與文明對話，增進各國人民友誼。

China makes greater openness to Asia the strategic priority in its opening-up policy. China is now Asia's largest importer, the largest trading partner of many Asian economies and an important source of investment for Asia. China enjoys highly frequent exchanges in various fields with the rest of Asia. We are ready to work with relevant countries to improve such regional cooperation mechanisms as China-ASEAN cooperation, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the China-Japan-ROK cooperation, ASEAN plus Three and APEC, advance the building of bilateral and multilateral free trade areas and expand cooperation in emerging industries, infrastructure, finance, science and technology and other areas. We are ready to expand personnel exchanges, particularly youth and non-governmental exchanges, promote contacts and dialogues between different cultures and civilizations and enhance the friendship among peoples.

中國始終不渝走和平發展道路，致力于營造一個和平和諧的國際和周邊環境，絕不謀求霸權。中國的和平發展基于本國國情和文化傳統，基于自身根本利益和長遠利益，基于世界發展大勢和客觀規律，是我們堅定不移的戰略抉擇。中國堅持實行睦鄰友好政策，永做亞洲國家的好鄰居、好伙伴，與大家一起努力，共同促進亞洲和世界的繁榮發展與和諧進步。

China will be unswerving in following the path of peaceful development. It will remain dedicated to the cultivation of a peaceful and harmonious international and neighboring environment and it will never seek hegemony. Going for peaceful development is a firm strategic decision China has made in light of its national conditions and cultural tradition, its fundamental and long-term interests as well as the prevailing trend and law of world development. China is committed to the policy of building good-neighborliness and friendship and will be a good friend and good partner of Asian countries forever. We will join your tireless efforts to promote the prosperity, development, harmony and progress in Asia and the world.

我們相信，廣袤的亞洲大地一定能為各國發展提供廣闊的空間。面對變革的世界，亞洲人民完全有能力把握機遇、攜手前行，實現亞洲健康與可持續發展，共建人類美好未來！

We are confident that the vast continent of Asia will provide ample space for the development of all countries. Facing an ever-changing world, we the Asians are fully capable of seizing the opportunities, achieving Asia's sound and sustainable development and creating a better future for mankind!

最后，祝博鰲亞洲論壇2012年年會圓滿成功！祝各位嘉賓工作順利、身體健康、心情愉快！

In conclusion, I wish this Forum full success and I wish you all enjoy good health, happiness and a prosperous career!

謝謝大家！

Thank you!

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