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百喻經(jīng)之二六: 人效王眼瞤喻

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§26 人效王眼瞤喻

(26) the king's blinking habit is imitated

昔有一人,欲得王意,問余人言:“云何得之?”有人語言:“若欲得王意者,王之形相,汝當(dāng)效之。”

once upon a time, there was a man who wanted to please the king. he asked the others how to do it and was told, "if you want to please the king, you should imitate him."

此人即便往至王所,見王眼瞤,便效王瞤。王問之言:“汝為病耶,為著風(fēng)耶?何以眼瞤?”

he then went to the palace where he saw the king blinking. thereupon, he imitated and the king asked him, "do you have sore eyes? is the wind disturbing your eyes? why are you blinking?"

其人答王:“我不病眼,亦不著風(fēng),欲得王意。見王眼瞤,故效王也。”

he replied, "not at all on seeing your majesty, i want to be just like you to please your majesty."

王聞是語,即大瞋恚,即便使人種種加害,擯令出國。

upon hearing those words, the king got very angry. the man was punished by hard blows and sent into exile.

世人亦爾。于佛法王欲得親近,求其善法,以自增長。既得親近,不解如來法王為眾生故,種種方便,現(xiàn)其缺短;或聞其法,見有字句不正,便生譏毀,效其不是。由是之故,于佛法中,永失其善,墮于三惡。如彼效王,亦復(fù)如是。

so are the people at large. they wish to approach buddha, king of the law, to achieve advancement. once there, buddha reveals to them his human weaknesses for the welfare of all mankind. when they sometimes hear of using incorrect phrases in his teachings, they may be unable to understand buddha and they start to ridicule and defame him. they imitate all his weaknesses. for this reason, they lose the benefit they have got from buddhism forever and fall into three evil paths of transmigration accordingly.

this is just like the story of the man imitating the king's blinking habit.

注釋:

① 欲得王意:想得到國王的賞識。

② 眼瞤(rún):跳,眼皮跳動。

③ 著風(fēng):受風(fēng)后眼部痙攣。

④ 瞋恚:瞋,瞪眼,恚,憤怒。

⑤ 擯:拋棄。擯令出國,下令趕出國門。

⑥ 法王:釋迦牟尼的尊稱。

⑦ 如來:佛陀的又一尊稱。

⑧ 三惡:即地獄道、餓鬼道、畜生道。佛教認(rèn)為:若作惡多端,來世墮入三惡,受惡報。

白話:

從前有個人,想得到國王的賞識,就問別人說:“怎樣才能得到國王的常識呢?”有人對他說:“如果要想得到國王的賞識,國王的樣子,你應(yīng)當(dāng)效仿。”這個人聽后就到國王住的地方,他看見國王眼皮不斷地跳動,便仿效國王不停地眨眼。國王問道:“你得病了嗎?是受了風(fēng)寒了嗎?為何不停地眨眼?”他回答國王說:“我的眼沒病,也不曾受風(fēng),只是想得到國王您的賞識,看到國王您的眼皮跳動,故意仿效國王您啊。”國王聽了這話,瞪大了眼十分憤怒,立即叫人對他施加各種刑罰,并下令把他趕出這個國家。

世上有的人也是這樣,想接受佛教,得到美好的教義,使自己增長智慧。既已接受佛教,又不能認(rèn)識佛陀為渡眾生而制定的各種方法,于是聽宣講教義時,見到不正確的字句,就譏諷詆毀,仿效其中有偏差的地方。正是由于這種原故,在佛學(xué)的義理中,永遠(yuǎn)失去了利人利世的東西,最終會墮落到地獄、餓鬼和畜生的道路上,受盡苦難。這樣的人就好像仿效國王眨眼,結(jié)果反受其害。

解說:

  此則可與第五十七則<蹋長者口喻>比看。《雜阿含經(jīng)》卷十四:如賣針人,至針師門,欲求賣針,終不可售。(《中華大藏經(jīng)》第三十三冊第一三九頁)

辨析:

《百喻經(jīng)》故事中的結(jié)構(gòu),都分兩個層次。第一層是歷史的傳說或故事,每一個故事都蘊藏著一種哲理、意趣;第二層是比喻部分,寄寓一個修持佛法中的道理,由淺入深,渡渠過道,泄入佛理之深潭。這其中不乏對社會、對人生、世態(tài)炎涼的評價判斷,也不乏深刻的見解。需認(rèn)真地辨別分析。

故事里逢迎取媚于國王的小人,弄巧成拙,自尋惡果,令人鄙視。

                 (摘自《百喻經(jīng)注釋與辨析》荊三隆 邵之茜著)

供您思考:

圣法法師在《百喻故事廣釋》里說:世間萬事最初都是摹仿而來,可是摹仿也有好的摹仿,壞的摹仿,正當(dāng)?shù)哪》拢巴镜哪》隆K杂欣灿泻ΑS谐晒σ灿惺 R灿羞M(jìn)步,也有落伍之別了。

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