四面楚歌
四面楚歌
秦朝末年，項羽和劉邦原來約定以鴻溝東西邊作為界限，互不侵犯。后來劉邦聽從張良和陳平的規(guī)勸，覺得應(yīng)該趁項羽衰弱的時候消滅他，于是，便把項羽緊緊圍在垓下這個地方。這時，項羽手下的兵士已經(jīng)很少，糧食又沒有了。夜里聽見四面圍住他的軍隊都唱起楚地的民歌，不禁非常吃驚地說：“劉邦已經(jīng)得到了禁地了嗎？ 為什么他的部隊里面楚人這么多呢？”說著，心里已喪失了斗志，便從床上爬起來，在營帳里面喝酒，并和他最寵愛的妃子虞姬一同唱歌。唱完，直掉眼淚，在一旁的人也非常難過，都覺得抬不起頭來。虞姬自刎于項羽的馬前，項羽英雄末路，帶了僅剩兵卒至烏江，最終自刎于江邊。
四面楚歌這個成語比喻四面受到敵人的攻擊，處于孤立危急的困境。
Songs of Chu on All Sides
At the end of the Qin Dynasty (qín cháo 秦朝,221-206 BC), the State of Chu and the State of Han fought for control of the country. Xiang Yu, the king of Chu, was besieged at a place called Gaixia by the Han army led by Liu Bang. Xiang Yu was in a desperate situation, with little food and only a few soldiers. At night, the surrounding Han troops started to sing Chu folk songs. Xiang Yu was very surprised at this, and said, “Has Liu Bang occupied the whole of Chu? How can he have drafted so many Chu people into his army?” Then he fled together with the remainder of his forces.
This idiom is used metaphorically to mean to be in a helpless and critical situation, surrounded by the enemy on all sides.
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