BEC考官教你商務英語寫作 第二章非圖表描述:Unit 2 餅圖描述
餅圖的描述在語言上與柱狀圖和線形圖有所不同,所以在這里單獨介紹。請首先看下面這幅餅圖。
上面這幅餅圖是有關人們對汽車顏色喜愛的調查。結果顯示人們最喜愛白色。排在第二位的是紅色,其次是藍色和其他顏色。在描述餅圖時,為了能將這樣的信息反應給讀者,就必須使用比較級的方法。
方法一, 比較級和最高級
只針對一個餅圖中的一個組成部分進行描述。
The most popular car colour is white.
The second most common colour is red.
針對一個餅圖中兩個組成部分進行對比描述
Red is considerably more common than blue.
在這句句型中,我們還可以把副詞considerably 更換成substantially, a lot,far,much,somewhat,significantly,slightly和fractionally(微乎其微地,很細微地)等詞,以此來表示一個餅圖當中不同份額之間的差異。這樣的寫法類似于第一單元中對上升或下降幅度進行限定的副詞用法。同時,A比B不僅可以多或好,還可以不如對方。
例如:
Blue is far less popular than red.
我們還可以用同級比較的句型來對比兩個事物。
例如:
White is about twice as common as red.
方法二, 確定性地描述某一事物在餅圖中所占份額
餅圖寫作與柱狀圖和線形圖寫作另一個比較明顯的區別是餅圖中會非常清楚地標示出每一分所占的比例是多少。因此從語言學習的角度來看,大家就必須要掌握描述份額的巨型。可以引出份額的動詞有: be,make up(組成),constitute(vt.構成,組成) ,account for.
例如:
White, which is 56.11%, is considerably more common than blue,which makes up 12.72%. Red, which constitutes 28.05%, is about twice as popular as blue,which is 12.72%. The other colors, which constitute 3.12%, are considerably less popular than blue(12.72%).
總之,描述餅圖時一共有兩種方法將數據引入。
使用括號bracket()
例如:
White(56.11%)is considerably more common than blue(12.72%). 使用定于從句A relative clause(which + appropriate verb: is, makes up, constitutes,accounts for)
considerably adv.
例如:
Red,which constitutes 28.05%, is about twice as popular as blue, which is 12.72%. Practice練習
1. 下面這個練習要求描述4幅相關的餅圖。在做這個練習之前,大家需要了解一個寫作思路:如果單獨描述一個餅圖會比較簡單,只要遵循上面提到的兩種方法就可以了。這里的4個餅圖是描述一個事件在4個階段的變化,這時解決問題的方法又回到了該章第一單元“描述趨勢變化”的核心問題上。請大家練習一下。
Many women wants or need to continue working even after they have children. The charts below show the working patterns of mothers with young children to care for.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information in the charts below.
2. The two pie charts below show a)the three main types of shop which sell your company's products, and b) the proportion of your sales that each type of shop handle in 1994 and 1995.
Using the information from the charts, write a short report which describes the situation in 1994 and compares it with the situation in 1995.
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