一. 倍數

　　1.A be …times as much/many as B

　　eg. The annual rainfall of Hunan is 5 times as much as that of Sichuan.

　　2.A doubles/is half/triples B A是B的兩倍，一半，三倍

　　eg. The annual rainfall of Jidda doubles that of Janta, but is only half the amount of rain Kuwait receives each year.

　　附一 圓盤比例型圖表 例： 一個圓盤顯示了大學生在food, books, transportations, entertainment, clothes, unknown中的開銷，它們各自占的比例依次是60%,3%,5%,10%,10%,12%，要求你描敘這個圓盤圖。

　　描述:

　　The above pie chart consists of 6 segments, the largest one representing food, which accounts for 60% of the total. Clothes and entertainment each takes up 10%. 5% goes to transportation and 3% books. All the rest expenses, 12% of all ,is spend on unknown items.

　　總結寫作模式：

　　…pie chart consists of…segments, the largest one representing…,which accounts for …of the total.…each takes up….…goes to….All the rest…, …of all,……. .

　　二.原因結果

　　1….(結果)…, owing to (原因) [owing to 為分詞結構]

　　2….(結果)…, attributable to(原因) [attributable to為形容詞短語]

　　3….(結果) lie in the fact that(原因) [ 同位語從句 ]

　　4….(結果)result from(原因) [句型一般]

　　5. It is precisely because (原因)…that (導致結果)… [強調結構]

　　6. …, as a result, …(導致結果)… [as a result做插入語]

　　7. (原因)be responsible for(結果) [常見句型]

　　8. (原因)，which in turn(結果)

　　eg. They give rise to unfair competition, which in turn throws original businesses into a commercial panic.

　　三.采取措施，提出建議

　　1. My suggestion to deal with/solve/relieve the problem are as follows. In the first place,…. Secondly,…. Finally,… [常見句型]

　　2. If we let the situation go as it is, …. By that time, …. 如果讓這種情況繼續發展下去，那么……。

　　到那個時候，……。[比較好的句型]

　　3. More and more people are realizing the importance of…[進行時態， more and more比many好]

　　4. Great efforts/More measures/Due attention must be taken/paid to do …[ 被動語態，due attention 和be paid to 搭配]

　　5. If……, will there be anything that can make me even happier? 如果(我們怎么怎么做)，那將沒有比這令我更高興的了。[條件句，反問句]

　　6. It is important/necessary/urgent/desirable(希望)/advisable(明智) for sb. to do sth. [It is …for …to do…句型]

　　7. enhance the awareness of people that…

　　8. The first nut for us to crack is… 我們首先要解決的是……。 [比The first thing we should do is … 句型 高級的多，精彩的多，生動的多]

　　9. ……as soon as possible [常見句型]

　　10. sth. be of the utmost importance [ be of n. 結構， 比sth. be much important好]

　　四.方式，比較

　　1. (Just) as …, so… 正如… [ 比較句型 ]

　　eg. Just as water is the most important of liquids, so air is the most important of gases.

　　2. in much the same way/manner that… 正如…, 和…一樣

　　eg. The Americans spend Christmas Day in much the same way that the Europeans do.

　　五. 讓步

　　1. now that …… 既然…… [讓步從句]

　　eg. Now that the decision has been made, we must try our best to carry it out.

　　2. unless…not… [ 讓步從句]

　　eg. It is a vicious cycle and unless you consider these social, economic and environmental problems in one context, you are not serious about meeting the challenges. [注意例句中的consider sth. in one context句型:把什么事情放在一起加以綜合考慮]

　　六. 強調句

　　1. only [既是強調句,又是倒裝句]

　　eg. Only in this way can you hope to improve the present situation.

　　2. It is …that…

　　eg. It is because he was too careless that he failed in the exam.

　　3. nothing but 只不過;只有…

　　eg. If what we have been striving for is nothing but pleasure-seeking, our nation will be deprived of the right to rise.(這里nothing but 可以去掉,不影響句意,但有了nothing but,就強調了后面的名詞)

　　七. 假設

　　1. Supposing……, it is likely that…. 假設…, 那么很可能… [假設, 虛擬語態]

　　eg. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc. from an advertisement.

　　八. 反問

　　1. What else can …? …………還能做什么呢?

　　eg. What else can the poor parents do but obey? 這些可憐的家長除了聽從外還能做什么呢?

　　2. How could ……? 怎能….

　　eg. How could I put the English books aside to read pastime books?

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