托福綜合寫作之聽力分論點提煉
task1綜合寫作考試是學生失分最嚴重的部分，其考試形式是"閱讀+聽力+寫作"模式，即先給考生閱讀一篇文章，然后播放一段聽力材料，然后要求結合閱讀材料和聽力材料，寫作一篇200左右的文章。 對于綜合寫作而言，相信各位備考的考生都知道“得聽力者得天下”這一說法。在這里為大家解讀如何定位聽力分論點信息，記錄重點信息。
一. 了解聽力文章結構
聽力文本結構與閱讀文本一致，分為四個段落，一個主觀點加三個分論點。
二. 聽力解題步驟
1. 聽力的首段可以忽略
在綜合寫作中，聽力內容都是去反駁閱讀的內容，所以可以通過閱讀觀點可以預判得出聽力的觀點。
2. 聽力分論點的給出方式
通過順序詞判斷聽力分論點的位置
順序詞： firstly, first, secondly, thirdly, finally
Example:
First of all, the public is likely to have greater exposure to fossils as a result of commercial fossil trade, not less exposure.
And third, the uneven pattern of otter decline is better explained by the orca predation theory than by the pollution theory.
重復閱讀觀點再轉折得出聽力觀點
轉折連詞：although, though, but, however
Example:
Second, although orcas may prefer to hunt whales, whales have essentially disappeared from the area because of human hunters.
分論點的細節抓取
注意邏輯連詞，邏輯連詞之后的內容都是聽力中的細節，有時候即使聽力分論點沒有聽力也可以通過細節推論得出分論點
邏輯詞：因果 because, as, for, since, so, therefore, hence, as a result, thus
讓步although, though, but, however, yet, on the other hand
遞進 besides, furthermore, moreover, what’s more. In addition
舉例 for example for instance
Example: tpo10 分論點二
First, the pollution theory is weakened by the fact that no one can really find any dead sea others washing off on Alaskan beaches. That's not what you would expect if infections caused by pollution started killing a lot of otters. On the other hand, the fact that it's so hard to find dead otters is consistent with the predator hypothesis. If an otter is killed by a predator, it's eaten immediately so it can't wash up on shore.
On the other hand之后找不到死的dead sea otter 這個細節重復出現，可以推論得出是被捕獵者吃掉的。
綜合寫作聽力內容的抓取主要步驟就是先根據順序詞判斷分論點位置，然后要注意可能會先重復閱讀觀點再轉折給出聽力分論點，之后再是注意分論點中的細節，細節基本都在邏輯詞之后，有時候分論點沒有聽出也沒有關系可以通過細節推論得出聽力分論點。簡言之，聽力要多注意信號詞，對信號詞要很敏感。
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