中歐應共同維護基于規則的國際多邊貿易秩序。

China and the EU Have a Joint Responsibility to Uphold the Rules-based Multilateral Trade Order中歐應共同維護基于規則的國際多邊貿易秩序
Zhang Ming張明 
News headlines these days seem to suggest that tension is running high. The US administration decided to impose steep tariffs on steel and aluminum imports. President Trump is seeking to take actions on up to US$60 billion worth of Chinese products. Fears of a potential trade war caused financial markets to respond nervously, and have brought a greater sense of uncertainty to global economy.打開這些天的報紙，似乎總能聞到一股硝煙味兒。從美國政府決定對進口鋼鋁產品征收懲罰性關稅，到對中國進行301調查并威脅采取貿易和投資限制措施，再到公布擬加征關稅的多達500億美元的中國輸美商品清單，所謂“貿易戰將被引發”的猜測不絕于耳，在國際金融市場引發嚴重的不安情緒，也給全球經濟帶來新的不確定性。 Let’s first get the facts straight. Most of American steel and aluminum imports are middle- and lower-end products for civilian purposes. Many WTO members, including the EU, have pointed out that their exports do not harm American national security at all. Separately, the Section 301 Report’s findings fail to reflect what is really happening in China, and the proposed actions disregard WTO rules and the wish of business communities. The US moves are typically unilateral and protectionist, and set a very bad precedent.實際情況是美國進口鋼鋁的絕大部分是民用中低端產品，包括歐盟在內的世界貿易組織成員均指出，其出口產品并未損害美國國家安全。美國對華進行301調查并采取限制措施，更是無視事實、無視世貿組織規則、無視廣大業界呼聲，是典型的單邊主義和貿易保護主義做法，開了一個非常惡劣的先例。
Let’s then put it into a global perspective. From GATT to WTO, the whole international community has a long-standing commitment to a multilateral trade system that is open, equitable and beneficial to all, to trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, and to common prosperity for all countries. This is why all WTO members commit to substantial tariff cuts. This is why, all members pledge, should any dispute or friction occur, not to seek unilateral actions that may heighten confrontation, and rather, to seek remedies through the dispute settlement system, observe its rules and its rulings.從締結關貿總協定到組建世貿組織，國際社會的共同目標就是通過實質性削減關稅等措施，建立開放、公平、互惠的多邊貿易體制，推動貿易投資自由化便利化，實現各國經濟的共同發展。為了解決貿易爭端和摩擦，世貿組織所有成員都鄭重承諾，“當事各方不應采取單邊行動對抗，而是通過爭端解決機制尋求救濟并遵守其規則及其所做出的裁決”。 However, the United States turns its back on these globally recognized rules and its own commitment. Its protectionist moves under the pretext of national security will undermine the credibility of the WTO-centered multilateral trade system, and the rules-based global trade order. If every player yields to might and gives up what is right, or even pursues its own interests at others’ expense, global trade would get out of order and return to “law of the jungle”. If that happens, everyone’s interests would be hurt, including the EU.美國無視這些規則和承諾，以維護國家安全之名，行貿易保護主義之實，勢必削弱以世貿組織為核心的多邊貿易體制的權威性，破壞基于規則的國際多邊貿易秩序。中國已決定采取同等力度、同等規模的措施，堅決維護自身合法權益。如果我們犧牲原則而屈從強權，甚至以鄰為壑而謀求私利，最終結果就是國際貿易失去制度保障、重回叢林法則，受到損害的將是包括中國和歐盟在內的國際社會各方利益。 WTO Director-General Roberto Azevêdo said that disrupting trade flows will jeopardize the global economy and that actions outside collective processes will greatly increase the risk of confrontation escalation. DG Azevêdo also called for restraint and urgent dialogue as the best path forward to resolve problems. I cannot agree with him more. China, as the second largest economy, will demonstrate a strong sense of responsibility and develop healthy trade ties with other players on the basis of mutual respect and mutual benefit. China will make unwavering efforts to build an open economy, and share benefits with others in the course of opening-up.正如世界貿易組織總干事阿維澤多所指出的，擾亂貿易往來將危害全球經濟復蘇，單邊行動將大大增加對抗升級的風險，保持克制和進行對話才是解決爭端的最佳途徑。中國作為世界第二大經濟體，將本著負責任態度，遵循相互尊重、互利互惠原則，維護與各方經貿關系的健康穩定發展；也將堅定不移地發展開放型經濟，在開放中與各方分享機遇、實現共贏。 In a world of great uncertainties, a stable China-EU relationship is an invaluable asset. China and the EU, as major members of the WTO and each other’s comprehensive strategic partner, should take a clear stance against protectionism, jointly preserve the rules-based multilateral trade order, and keep the global economy on a sound and sustainable track. This is a joint responsibility of China and the EU. We must act together to make that happen.在充滿不確定因素的國際形勢中，中歐合作的穩定性彌足珍貴。中國和歐盟同為世界貿易組織的重要成員，又是全面戰略伙伴，應該攜起手來，旗幟鮮明地共同反對貿易保護主義，維護基于規則的國際多邊貿易秩序，維護世界經濟的持續向好勢頭。這是中歐的共同責任，也應該成為中歐的共同行動。

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