外交部副部長劉振民在第七屆香山論壇第一次全體會議上的發(fā)言（中英對照版）

尊敬的會議主席傅瑩主任委員，

尊敬的各位來賓，朋友們：

Your Excellency Mme. Fu Ying,

Distinguished guests,

Friends,

很榮幸再次出席香山論壇活動。首先，我謹代表中國外交部對第七屆香山論壇的成功開幕表示熱烈祝賀。

It’s a great pleasure for me to come back to the Xiangshan Forum. On behalf of the Foreign Ministry of China, allow me to first warmly congratulate on the opening of a new session of this important Forum.

本屆論壇以“加強安全對話合作，構(gòu)建新型國際關(guān)系”為主題，充分反映了地區(qū)國家的一致呼聲，體現(xiàn)了各方共同應(yīng)對地區(qū)安全挑戰(zhàn)的現(xiàn)實需要。我謹以“完善區(qū)域安全架構(gòu)，攜手應(yīng)對共同挑戰(zhàn)”為題談一談看法。

Here, let me share some thoughts with the topic of working together to improve regional security architecture and address common challenges.

冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束26年來，世界政治多極化、經(jīng)濟全球化、區(qū)域一體化快速發(fā)展，亞太地區(qū)總體保持了和平穩(wěn)定，日益成為全球最具發(fā)展活力和潛力的地區(qū)。與此同時，本地區(qū)安全問題日趨復雜多元，呈現(xiàn)出多樣性、突發(fā)性、跨國性和聯(lián)動性的特點。傳統(tǒng)熱點問題不時升溫，非傳統(tǒng)安全領(lǐng)域新挑戰(zhàn)層出不窮，給各國國家安全與地區(qū)穩(wěn)定構(gòu)成嚴峻威脅。

Since the end of the Cold War 26 years ago, the trend of multi-polarity, globalization and regional integration has grown ever stronger. The Asia-Pacific has been peaceful and stable in general and is becoming the most dynamic region with the biggest potential.

At the same time, our region faces increasingly complicated security issues, often trans-national, and inter-linked. Traditional hot-spots flare up from time to time, and non-traditional security challenges are posing severe threats to the security of regional countries and regional stability.

與此同時，亞太地區(qū)的安全合作架構(gòu)建設(shè)比較緩慢，目前主要有五類安全機制：一是美國主導的同盟體系及其雙多邊安排。二是東盟地區(qū)論壇、東盟防長擴大會等以東盟為中心的安全對話合作機制。三是朝鮮半島核問題六方會談、阿富汗問題四方機制等旨在解決具體熱點問題的專門機制。四是上海合作組織、亞信會議等跨區(qū)域安全合作機制。五是以香格里拉對話會、香山論壇、亞太圓桌會議等為代表的一軌半或二軌安全對話平臺。這五類機制，既有冷戰(zhàn)遺留的問題，也有次區(qū)域之間的相互不協(xié)調(diào)，更有安全理念的不一致。

In this context, the building of a regional security cooperation architecture in the Asia-Pacific is lagging behind. Currently, there are five types of security mechanisms in this region.

– First, the US-led alliance system and relevant bilateral and multilateral arrangements;

– Second, the ASEAN-centered security dialogue and cooperation frameworks such as the ARF and ADMM+;

– Third, special mechanisms on hotspot issues such as the Six-Party Talks on Korean Peninsular Nuclear Issue and the Quartet on Afghanistan;

– Fourth, regional security cooperation mechanisms including the SCO and CICA;

– Fifth, Track 1.5 or Track 2 security dialogues such as the Shangri-La Dialogue, Xiangshan Forum and the Asia-Pacific Roundtable.

These security mechanisms reflect underlying disconnects in our region: problems left by the cold war, lack of coordination among sub-regions, and differences on security concepts.

經(jīng)濟發(fā)展合作與政治安全合作是驅(qū)動亞太合作發(fā)展的“兩個輪子”，需要相互促進、同步前進。目前亞太地區(qū)在經(jīng)濟合作方面已經(jīng)形成了較為成熟、穩(wěn)定的框架，有力地促進了區(qū)域經(jīng)濟一體化進程。而在安全合作方面，地區(qū)安全架構(gòu)建設(shè)相對滯后，越來越難以及時有效地應(yīng)對當前紛繁復雜的安全挑戰(zhàn)。逐步構(gòu)建反映地區(qū)現(xiàn)實、符合各方利益需求的亞太地區(qū)安全架構(gòu)勢在必行。

Economic cooperation and political and security cooperation, as two wheels driving Asia-Pacific cooperation, should complement each other and move forward in parallel. In the economic sphere, a relatively mature and stable framework has been cultivated to effectively promote regional economic integration.

In the security area, in contrast, the fostering of a security cooperation architecture has lagged behind, making it more difficult to deal with growing security challenges in a timely and effective way. This calls for the building of an Asia-Pacific security architecture consistent with regional conditions and the interests of all parties.

近年來，各方就此進行了有益探索，提出了一些新的倡議和設(shè)想。在2014年亞洲相互協(xié)作與信任措施會議第四次峰會上，中國國家主席習近平提出了這一問題的中國方案：創(chuàng)新安全理念，搭建地區(qū)安全和合作新架構(gòu)，走共建、共享、共贏的安全之路。這一構(gòu)想?yún)R聚了地區(qū)國家的智慧和共識，為亞太安全合作開辟了新的廣闊前景。

In recent years, relevant parties have made valuable exploration in this regard and proposed some new visions and initiatives.

At the Fourth CICA Summit in 2014, Chinese President Xi Jinping provided a Chinese vision, that is, to update our security concept, establish a new regional security and cooperation architecture, and jointly chart a course for security that is by all and for all. This vision reflects the collective wisdom and consensus of regional countries and created new prospect for security cooperation in the Asia-Pacific.

各位來賓，各位朋友，

Distinguished guests, friends,

作為亞太大家庭的重要一員，中國歷來是亞太和平的建設(shè)者和亞太安全的維護者。中方愿同各方一道，深入探討和推進地區(qū)安全架構(gòu)建設(shè)，攜手打造亞太命運共同體。我認為，構(gòu)建亞太安全新架構(gòu)應(yīng)具備以下特征：

As an important member in the Asia-Pacific family, China has been a contributor to regional peace and defender of regional security. China is willing to work with all other parties to explore and build a regional security architecture for the building of the Asia-Pacific community of common future.

In my view, a new regional security architecture should have the following elements:

第一，以新安全理念為指引。理念是行動的先導，滿足形勢發(fā)展需要的安全架構(gòu)必然要建立在先進的安全理念基礎(chǔ)上。冷戰(zhàn)思維、零和博弈等陳舊安全理念越來越與全球化時代格格不入，合作共贏正成為新的時代精神。面對日益突出的全球性挑戰(zhàn)，同舟共濟、共度時艱是各國唯一選擇。亞太國家應(yīng)與時俱進，加強坦誠對話和務(wù)實合作，以新理念、新方式為維護地區(qū)安全探索新路徑。

First, it should be guided by a new security concept. Actions are based on concepts. A security architecture that fits regional reality must be built on an updated security concept. Old security concepts, such as the cold war mentality and zero sum game, are increasingly out of touch with the trend of globalization. Win-win cooperation has become the new spirit of the times.

Tackling global challenges through common efforts is now the only viable choice for all countries. Asia-Pacific countries should enhance dialogues and cooperation, and explore new concepts and new approaches to safeguard regional security.

中國提出共同、綜合、合作、可持續(xù)的安全觀，倡導協(xié)商對話，強調(diào)開放包容，突出合作共贏。這一安全觀順應(yīng)時代潮流，是對地區(qū)安全合作理念的傳承和創(chuàng)新，為亞太安全架構(gòu)建設(shè)注入了新活力。我們愿與地區(qū)國家共同倡導和踐行新安全理念，推動共商、共建、共享、共贏的亞太安全架構(gòu)。

China has initiated the security concept featuring common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, which advocates consultation and dialogue, openness, inclusiveness, and win-win cooperation. This security concept is in line with the trend of our times. It is built on existing concept of regional security cooperation, and has injected new vitality to the development of Asia-Pacific security architecture.

China is ready to promote and implement this new security concept together with other regional countries, and push forward the building of an Asia-Pacific security architecture featuring wide consultation, joint contribution, shared benefits, and win-win outcome.

對各國間的矛盾分歧，我們主張秉持相互尊重、求同存異、和平共處的傳統(tǒng)，通過對話、友好協(xié)商和談判妥善處理、和平解決。經(jīng)過60多年努力，中國已與14個陸地鄰國中的12國通過談判妥善解決邊界問題，中印、中不（丹）邊界問題談判正在穩(wěn)步推進。經(jīng)過中國與東盟國家的共同努力，南海問題已逐漸降溫，重回通過談判協(xié)商管控和解決分歧的地區(qū)規(guī)則和框架。

We believe that countries in the region should handle differences properly and peacefully through dialogues and friendly consultations and negotiations. This is in line with our regional norms of mutual respect, seeking common ground while shelving differences and peaceful coexistence.

With efforts spanning 60 years, China has properly settled boundary issues with 12 out of its 14 land neighbors. The negotiations on boundary issue between China and India, and between China and Bhutan are moving forward steadily. With the joint efforts by China and ASEAN countries, the situation in the South China Sea has cooled down, and the regional rule and framework prevailed once again, which emphasizes the management, control and resolution of differences by consultations and negotiations.

面對朝鮮半島緊張局勢不斷升級，中方強烈敦促朝方及有關(guān)各方冷靜克制，切實遵守安理會決議，努力重啟對話進程。大搞軍事施壓、動搖地區(qū)戰(zhàn)略平衡只會加劇各方安全疑慮，無助于半島問題的解決。

Faced by heightened tension on the Korean Peninsula, China strongly urges the DPRK and other parties concerned to exercise restraint, truly comply with Security Council resolutions and work hard to resume dialogue. Applying military pressure and undermining the strategic balance in the region will only deepen the security concerns of relevant parties and harm the prospect for resolving the Peninsula issue.

中方積極支持和推動地區(qū)非傳統(tǒng)安全合作。中方每年在東盟地區(qū)論壇、東亞峰會等區(qū)域合作機制中舉辦的項目都超過總數(shù)的三分之一，有效提升了本地區(qū)非傳統(tǒng)安全合作水平。

China actively supports and facilitates cooperation in non-traditional security areas. Every year we sponsor more than one third of the cooperation projects under the ARF, EAS and other regional frameworks, which has effectively promoted the non-traditional security cooperation in the region.

第二，以國際法治和規(guī)則為基礎(chǔ)。家不以規(guī)矩則殆，國不以規(guī)矩則亂。亞太安全架構(gòu)建設(shè)同樣離不開法治和規(guī)則的約束。但規(guī)則應(yīng)是由各國共同商定、各方普遍接受的國際和地區(qū)關(guān)系準則，不能把少數(shù)國家的意志作為地區(qū)或國際規(guī)則，并以此確定“基于規(guī)則的秩序”，也不能將國際法斷章取義，并據(jù)此鼓吹所謂“國際法治”。

Second, the regional security architecture should be based on the rule of law and international norms. Without rules and norms, even a family would fall into disorder, not to say a country. Rule of law and norms are thus essential elements in the building of the Asia-Pacific security architecture.

At the same time, the rules should be based on consensus and universally recognized international and regional norms. The will of a few countries can’t be equated to international or regional rules, nor taken as the sole basis for “a rules-based order”. International law should not be interpreted out of context, and such interpretation should not be preached as so-called rules of law in international relations.

具體來說，亞太安全新架構(gòu)要遵循以下幾方面規(guī)則：一是以聯(lián)合國為核心的戰(zhàn)后國際體系和國際秩序，以及以《聯(lián)合國憲章》為基礎(chǔ)的國際法基本原則和國際關(guān)系基本準則。二是和平共處五項原則、《聯(lián)合國海洋法公約》、《東南亞友好合作條約》等各國公認的國際規(guī)則和國際法；三是《南海各方行為宣言》和未來的“南海行為準則”等地區(qū)國家共同制定的地區(qū)行為規(guī)范；四是地區(qū)國家在相互交往中形成的共識，包括倡導協(xié)商一致、照顧各方舒適度的“東盟方式”。

To be specific, the new Asia-Pacific security architecture should comply with the following rules:

– First, the UN centered post-war international system and international order, and the fundamental principles of international law and basic norms of international relations enshrined in the UN Charter.

– Second, the universally recognized rules of international law, including the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence, the 1982 UNCLOS and the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia.

– Third, codes of conduct jointly formulated by countries in the region, such as the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (DOC) and the future Code of Conduct in the South China Sea (COC).

– Fourth, the consensus reached by regional countries through interactions, including the “ASEAN Way” of handling issues, which advocates consensus and accommodating the comfort level of all parties.

中國始終是國際法治和規(guī)則秩序的堅定維護者和積極貢獻者。早在1954年，中國就與緬甸、印度共同倡導了和平共處五項原則。為適應(yīng)新的國際海洋秩序，中國與東盟國家于2002年共同制定《南海各方行為宣言》，并一直努力全面有效落實《宣言》，為維護南海和平穩(wěn)定作出了重要貢獻。今年7月，中國與東盟國家發(fā)表《全面有效落實<宣言>的聯(lián)合聲明》。中國與東盟國家正在穩(wěn)步推進“南海行為準則”的磋商，爭取在協(xié)商一致的基礎(chǔ)上早日完成“準則”。我們希望域外國家尊重和支持中國與東盟國家共同維護南海和平穩(wěn)定的努力。

China has been a firm defender and active contributor to the international rule of law, norms and orders. As early as in 1954, China, Myanmar and India initiated the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence. To conform to the new international order for the seas, China and ASEAN members jointly formulated the DOC in 2002, and have made best efforts to implement it fully and effectively. This is a great contribution to peace and stability in the South China Sea.

In July this year, China and ASEAN members issued a Joint Statement on the Full and Effective Implementation of the DOC. We are steadily pushing forward negotiations and working for early conclusion of the COC on the basis of consensus. We hope countries outside the region could respect and support the endeavors of China and ASEAN countries to maintain peace and stability in the South China Sea.

第三、以伙伴關(guān)系建設(shè)為紐帶。亞太安全架構(gòu)建設(shè)是否順利，很大程度上取決地區(qū)國家間的關(guān)系，也取決于大國在亞太的互動。各國應(yīng)摒棄冷戰(zhàn)思維，攜手前進，走“對話而不對抗、結(jié)伴而不結(jié)盟、結(jié)緣而不結(jié)怨”的交往新路，共建平等相待、互信包容、互利互惠、互商互諒的亞太伙伴關(guān)系。

Third, the security architecture should be held together by partnerships. To a large extent, progress in building the Asia-Pacific security architecture depends on the relationships among regional countries as well as interactions among major countries in the Asia-Pacific. All countries should abandon the cold-war mentality, and work together to pursue a new path of dialogue and partnership, instead of confrontation, alliance, and enmity. We should build an Asia-Pacific partnership featuring equality, mutual trust, inclusiveness and mutual benefit through consultation and mutual accommodation.

中國努力促進與其他大國在亞太的良性互動，為亞太大國關(guān)系保持總體穩(wěn)定做出了應(yīng)有貢獻。中國積極推動與美國構(gòu)建不沖突、不對抗、相互尊重、互利共贏的新型大國關(guān)系。中國與俄羅斯全面戰(zhàn)略協(xié)作伙伴關(guān)系保持高水平運行。中國積極推進與歐洲和平、增長、改革、文明四大伙伴關(guān)系“生根落地”。中國積極深化與印度面向和平繁榮的戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴關(guān)系，并構(gòu)建更加緊密的發(fā)展伙伴關(guān)系。中國還本著以史為鑒、面向未來的精神，積極推動與日本戰(zhàn)略互惠關(guān)系持續(xù)改善并向前發(fā)展。

China is committed to promoting sound interactions with other major countries, which has contributed to stable relations among major countries in the Asia Pacific. China is actively pushing forward a new model of major country relationship with the US based on no conflict, no confrontation, mutual respect and win-win cooperation.

The comprehensive strategic partnership between China and Russia is showing a strong momentum. China is actively implementing partnerships for peace, growth, reform and civilization with Europe. China is actively strengthening the strategic partnership of peace and prosperity with India, and developing a closer partnership for development. And China is also endeavoring to improve its strategic relationship of mutual benefit with Japan based on the spirit of taking history as guidance and looking into the future.

第四，以復合型、多層次、多樣化的網(wǎng)絡(luò)為架構(gòu)。亞太地區(qū)多樣性突出，決定了本地區(qū)短期內(nèi)仍難以形成統(tǒng)一的安全框架，我們推動構(gòu)建亞太安全新架構(gòu)，不是另起爐灶，而是加強對現(xiàn)有機制的協(xié)調(diào)、升級和完善。多種機制齊頭并進將是“常態(tài)”，共同構(gòu)成多層次、寬領(lǐng)域、復合型的亞太安全網(wǎng)絡(luò)。

Fourth, the security architecture should be supported by a comprehensive and multi-layered network. Given the diversity in the Asia-Pacific, a unified security framework in this region is not foreseeable in the near future.

In fact, the building of the new Asia-Pacific security architecture is not meant as the start of a new venture, rather, it will be based on the further coordination, upgrading and improvement of existing mechanisms. It will be normal for various mechanisms to advance together and form a multi-layered, wide-ranging and comprehensive Asia-Pacific security framework.

各方要繼續(xù)尊重東盟在東亞區(qū)域合作中的中心地位，推動上合組織和亞信機制發(fā)揮更大作用，支持香山論壇等一軌半和二軌對話平臺的發(fā)展。有關(guān)雙邊軍事同盟應(yīng)增加透明度，為地區(qū)和平穩(wěn)定共同發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用。中方將一如既往地支持和推動地區(qū)多邊安全對話合作機制的發(fā)展，積極參與各機制下對話與合作，與各方共同推動完善地區(qū)安全框架。

All parties should continue to respect ASEAN centrality in East Asia cooperation, encourage the SCO and the CICA to play bigger roles, and support the development of Track 1.5 and Track 2 dialogue platforms, such as Xiangshan Forum.

Bilateral military alliances should be more transparent and play a constructive role for regional peace and stability. China will as always support and promote the development of regional security dialogue and cooperation mechanisms, actively participate in them, and improve regional security architecture together with other parities.

第五，以共同發(fā)展為落腳點。當今世界，謀求共同發(fā)展與繁榮已成為亞太國家共識。亞太安全架構(gòu)建設(shè)亦應(yīng)服務(wù)于這一目標。亞太國家應(yīng)大力促進經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展，著力改善民生，縮小地區(qū)內(nèi)部發(fā)展差距，同時注重可持續(xù)發(fā)展，讓各國和各階層民眾共享發(fā)展紅利，實現(xiàn)包容互惠的發(fā)展。

Fifth, the security architecture should draw strength from common development. Achieving common development and prosperity are the common aspiration of all countries in the Asia Pacific. The Asia-Pacific security architecture should also serve this aim. Countries should vigorously promote social and economic development, improve living standards, and narrow the development gap within the region. At the same time, we should pay close attention to sustainable development, and create conditions to enable all countries and people of all social backgrounds to access the fruits of development and achieve inclusive and mutually beneficial development.

著眼于共同發(fā)展，中國提出并積極推動“一帶一路”建設(shè)，倡議成立了亞洲基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資銀行和絲路基金。為幫助東盟縮小內(nèi)部發(fā)展差距，中方與湄公河國家共同建立瀾湄合作機制。在中方推動下，G20杭州峰會就包容和聯(lián)動式發(fā)展達成重要共識。

To promote common development, China has proposed and actively advanced “the Belt and Road” initiative, and initiated the AIIB and the Silk Road Fund. To help narrow the development gap within ASEAN countries, China and Mekong countries jointly set up the Lancang-Mekong cooperation mechanism. With China’s efforts, the G20 Hangzhou Summit reached important consensus on the inclusive and interactive development.

各位來賓，各位朋友，

Guests and friends,

地區(qū)安全架構(gòu)建設(shè)作為亞太戰(zhàn)略性問題，日益受到各方關(guān)注。在東亞峰會框架下，相關(guān)國家已成功舉辦五屆區(qū)域安全架構(gòu)研討會。中方積極支持和推動有關(guān)探討，今年6月與老撾在北京共同舉辦了東亞峰會第五屆區(qū)域安全架構(gòu)研討會，明年還將舉辦二軌研討會。我們歡迎更多國家積極參與這一探討進程，共同推動完善亞太安全架構(gòu)。

As an issue of strategic importance for the Asia-Pacific, the building of a regional security architecture has drawn attention from all sides. Under the framework of the East Asia Summit, relevant countries have held 5 workshops on this theme. China actively supports and promotes relevant discussions.

In June 2016, China and Lao PDR co-hosted the 5th EAS Workshop on Regional Security Architecture in Beijing. Next year we will host an additional track 2 workshop. We welcome more countries to actively take part in this discussion and jointly promote the improvement of regional security architecture.

去年香山論壇正式升級為亞太地區(qū)一軌半高端防務(wù)安全對話，廣邀各國防務(wù)部門和軍隊高官以及安全領(lǐng)域?qū)＜覍W者出席，影響力進一步提升，為各方交流看法、碰撞思想提供了卓越平臺。希望在座各位借此次論壇機會，就如何進一步推動地區(qū)安全架構(gòu)建設(shè)、促進亞太安全對話合作進行深入探討，為地區(qū)國家更好實現(xiàn)合作共贏、共同維護亞太和平繁榮積極貢獻智慧。

Last year, the Xiangshan Forum was upgraded to a high-level, track 1.5 defense and security dialogue in the Asia-Pacific, attracting senior defense and military leaders, as well as experts and scholars from many countries.

The upgraded Forum is an excellent platform for sharing ideas and thoughts by all parties. I hope you will take this opportunity to have in-depth discussion on how to advance the building of a regional security architecture and enhance security dialogue and cooperation in the Asia-Pacific. We look forward to benefiting from your wisdom and contribution to peace, prosperity and win-win cooperation in the region.

最后，預祝本屆論壇取得圓滿成功。

In conclusion, I wish this forum a great success.

謝謝大家！

Thank you!

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