駐印度加爾各答總領事就中印關系發(fā)表的演講
駐印度加爾各答總領事張利忠在領導者與企業(yè)家發(fā)展學院就中印關系發(fā)表的演講
2011年5月28日
Speech by Mr. Zhang Lizhong, Consul General of China in Kolkata at Institute of Leadership, Entrepreneurship & Development
28 May, 2011
駐印度加爾各答總領事就中印關系發(fā)表的演講
2011年5月28日，駐加爾各答總領事張利忠應邀在印度加爾各答領導者與企業(yè)家發(fā)展學院（ILead）發(fā)表演講，約100名師生參加。講話全文如下：
On 28 May, 2011, Mr. Zhang Lizhong visited the Insitute of Leadership, Entrepreneurship & Development(ILEAD), a private owned management bussiness school in Kolkata, and delivered a speech on India-China relationship to the students and faculty members of the ILEAD. The full text of the speech is as follows:

加爾各答領導者與企業(yè)家發(fā)展學院主席喬普拉先生，
老師們、同學們：
下午好！
Good Afternoon!
Mr. Chopra, Chairman of ILead and teachers and students of ILead.

很高興來到ILead學院。我剛剛參觀了整個學院，看見學院許多地方有中國元素，并獲悉中印關系是管理課程中的一部分，倍感親切。
It is a pleasant moment to be in ILead and just now I have the opportunity to tour around different sections of ILead. I am very much excited, very pleased to see that Mr. Chopra has put China-India in the management courses of ILead. I feel that Chinese element is decorated in every space of this building. That gives me lots of encouragement.

我到任近半年，已訪問了總領館領區(qū)所有五邦。每到一處，我總有意外的驚喜。今日之行也不例外。
I have been to Kolkata for about half a year. After I came here, I have visited 5 states, which fall under the jurisdiction of the Consulate General. Every time I went to a new place, I always found some surprises out of my expectations. Today it is another surprise to me.

中印兩國同為文明古國，也是兩大新興經濟體。中國一直從全球和戰(zhàn)略高度看待中印關系。中印兩國領導人一直強調，兩國關系已超出雙邊范疇，越來越具全球和戰(zhàn)略意義。當前，兩國關系發(fā)展勢頭良好。我到加爾各答后感受尤深，當地人士愿促進中印關系的熱情令我印象深刻。去年，溫家寶總理成功訪問印度，兩國在經貿、商務等領域達成許多共識。ILead學院在這些領域教育學生，而在座的許多同學畢業(yè)后也將從事這些領域的工作。兩國在教育、文化等領域也達成很多共識。
As you know, India and China are two great civilized nations, also two emerging economies. China has always viewed China-India relationship from a global and strategic viewpoint. Leaders of China and India have always maitained that China-India relationship has gone beyond simple bilateral relationship and has increasingly carried global and strategic significance. We have faced a very good momentum. That has been felt ever since I came to Kolkata. I have been much impressed by the enthusiasm for the promotion of the relationship between China and India. Last year when Premier Wen Jiabao paid a successful official visit to your great country, lots of consensus have been reached between us in trade, business opportunities which this school have been promoting. Many of the students after graduation would be involved in that area. Also consensus have been reached in education, culture and many other fields.

去年，中印兩國貿易額超過600億美元，中國成為印度最大貿易伙伴。基于兩國間的貿易潛力，兩國領導人定下2015年雙邊貿易額達1000億美元的目標。數年前，我們還難以想象兩國貿易額會如此之高，但隨著我與當地人士，尤其是做中國貿易的商人進一步接觸，我對實現這一新目標越來越有信心。今年4月，辛格總理赴中國海南三亞出席“金磚國家領導人會議”并會晤中國國家主席胡錦濤，會談取得重要成果。兩國高層互動頻繁，雙邊關系不斷升溫并取得進展。中印關系的重要性不僅在于兩國龐大的人口和快速發(fā)展的經濟實力，而且還是由兩國在各領域合作的深度決定的。當前，經貿合作已成為兩國關系的基石。可以預見，兩國間未來將有更多更廣的貿易合作。貴校可以說抓住了這一趨勢的精髓，我對你們這一明智決定表示祝賀！
Last year, the trade volume has reached over USD 60 billion. That means, China becomes the biggest trading partner of India, and leaders of China and India decided to set up a new goal based on the trade potentiality between our two nations. The goal is USD 100 billion by 2015. Maybe a few years ago, it was difficult to imagine that our trade volume would go such high, but when I get in touch with people here, especially those doing business with China, I am confident that this new goal could be achieved. Indian Prime Minister Mamohan Singh also paid a visit in April to China when His Excellency attended the BRICS meeting in Sanya, Hainan Island in southern part of China. There are many important achievements made in that meeting between Chinese President Hu Jintao and Indian Prime Minister Mamohan Singh. With frequent exchanges of leadership between our two countries, the bilateral relationship is really warming up and making progress. The importance of our vital relationship is not only decided by the size of the population of both countries, or by the simple fact that China and India enjoys rapid development in the world as two emerging economies, but also decided by the depth of cooperation in all fields as trade and economic cooperation has become the solid foundation of our nations' relations. We expect greater, bigger trade opportunities in the future, and I must say your school has really caught the essence of that trend. I congratulate you that you have made a wise choice in that regard.

幾個月前，中國制定了統籌未來五年社會和經濟發(fā)展的“十二五規(guī)劃”。我愿歸納幾個要點和大家討論。
A few months ago, China formulated "The Twelfth Five Year Plan" for social and economical development of the future five years. I know that India also has five year plan. I will summarize some key points.

首先，中國將主動降低GDP增長速度。上個財年，印度的GDP增長速度在8.3%到8.5%，中國約為10.3%。過去幾十年，中國的GDP增長速度保持在10%左右。過去5年我們的GDP目標增長率為7.5%，今后五年則是7%。為什么中國要在未來五年將GDP增長速度降至7%呢？我們認為對發(fā)展中家來說，GDP增長是關系到提高人民生活水平、促進經濟發(fā)展、增加就業(yè)機會的大事。毋庸置疑，中國和印度正面臨著上面提到的挑戰(zhàn)，尤其是減貧方面，中國已取得重大進步，印度也作出很大的努力，但根據聯合國標準，兩國仍有眾多民眾生活在貧困線以下。我們日益認識到，只重視GDP不利于國家發(fā)展。伴隨社會經濟快速發(fā)展的是環(huán)境惡化和對自然資源的過度消費。這樣的發(fā)展不可持續(xù)，所以我們必須降低增長速度，更加重視利用科學技術和創(chuàng)新促進經濟發(fā)展。這是中國有意降低經濟發(fā)展速度的基本原因。
One key point is China will purposely lower down the target growth rate of GDP. As you know, India's GDP growth in the last fiscal year is around 8.3% to 8.5%. China's GDP grow is around 10.3%. For the last 5 years, we had set the goal of growth rate around 7.5%, but in the next 5 years, it is set as 7%. The idea is that, GDP, we believe, is important for the improvement of the livelihood of people, for the economic growth and for the job opportunities in developing countries. I think that is quite clear and China and India face the same challenges, providing more job opportunities, improving the livelihood of people and alleviating the poverty. China has made much progress in alleviating poverty population. India has also made great efforts in that regard. There are still large portion of population living under the poverty line according to the UN standard. But we increasingly came to realize that sole emphasis on GDP is not the best option for the development of the nation. We have been increasingly feeling the pressure from the natural resource and the environment. During the past rapid development in economy and society, we have seen the environment is deteriorating and there is phenomenon of over consumption of the natural resources and envrionment pollution. This phenomenon can not sustain, so we need to lower down the growth rate. Therefore, we put more emphasis on science, technology, innovation of the economic development. That's the basic idea behind purposely lowering down the development rate in China.

第二，根據“十二五規(guī)劃”，中國將改變經濟發(fā)展方式。過去，中國經濟很大程度上依靠出口和政府投資。特別是2008年金融危機后，中國成功啟動經濟刺激一攬子方案，有效抵御了全球金融危機的沖擊，保持經濟健康快速增長。印度也迅速采取了足夠的措施應對金融危機的影響，也很成功。但過度依賴出口和政府投資的經濟不可持續(xù)，因此，中國要增加國內消費。印度在這一方面做得很好，我們需要借鑒印度經驗，以內需帶動經濟。根據一些評估，今后5年中國消費市場將大幅提升。去年中國進出口總額為3萬億美元，GDP是6萬億美元，中國已成為世界第2大經濟體。預計今后5年，中國的進出口總額將達8萬億美元，對環(huán)境保護和環(huán)保產品的投資將達3萬億美元。這為中國和印度提供了眾多商機。
According to the "Twelfth Five Year Plan", China has also adopted a new economic development approach. In the past, Chinese economy relies heavily on export and government investment. Especially after 2008 Financial Crisis, China has successfully initiated the Economy Stimulus Package which has helped China avoid the influence of Global Financial Crisis, and maintain healthy and rapid development. India has also done successfully in that regard, taking rapid and sufficient actions to deal with the effects of the global financial crisis. But too much reliance on export and government investment is not sustainable in the future. Therefore, China wants to expand domestic consumption. In this regard, India has done a good job. In eastern part of India, though it lags behind than the rest of India for certain reasons, historical and other issues, domestic consumption plays a big role in economic development. We need to learn from India, to make the economy domestic consumption-driven one. According to some estimates, in the next 5 years, domestic demand in the consumption market of China will be largely expanded. The import and export volume of China last year is USD 3 trillion, and our GDP last year is USD 6 trillion, making China the second largest economy in the world. In the next 5 years, our trade volume of both import and export is expected to reach USD 8 trillion and investment on the environment and environment-friendly products will reach USD 3 trillion. That provides a lot of opportunities for China and India business.

第三，中國重視發(fā)展新興戰(zhàn)略產業(yè)，如新材料、新能源、新能源汽車、IT、服務業(yè)、高端制造業(yè)、生物技術等。當前，中國新能源產業(yè)發(fā)展良好，如風能和太陽能。這些產業(yè)不是勞動密集型產業(yè)，而是依靠科學技術和創(chuàng)新。同時，我們計劃在今后5年將新興戰(zhàn)略產業(yè)對GDP的貢獻率提升至8%，2020年之前提升至15%。對印度來說，這也意味著大量商機，因為印度在上述一些產業(yè)具有優(yōu)勢，如IT和服務業(yè)。與此同時，我們努力加快傳統產業(yè)升級，引進更多的科學技術。我們計劃進行大規(guī)模經濟結構改革，使得未來經濟更加可持續(xù)、更環(huán)保、更綠色。
China also puts much emphasis on developing new strategic industries. India is doing quite well in IT and service industry. We want to develop new strategic industries, like new materials, new energy, new energy-driven automobiles, IT, service, high end manufacturing equipment, bio-technologies. At present, China is doing quite well in new energy sector, like wind power, solar energy. These sectors are not based on labor intensive, but based on science, technology and innovation. In the meantime, we are going to increase the contribution of the new strategic industries to GDP to 8% in the next 5 years and raise that portion of GDP to 15% by 2020. These sectors imply many business opportunities as India does quite well in some of these industries, like IT and service sectors. In the meantime, we are going to upgrade traditional manufacturing industries, to bring in more elements of science and technology. In the long run, we are going to see grand economic structural reforms, to make the economy more sustainable, more environment-friendly and more green in the future.

“十二五規(guī)劃”中的這些要點不僅對中國的經濟發(fā)展意義重大，而且可以為中國國內和包括印度在內的周邊國家提供大量的就業(yè)和商業(yè)機會。
These points of the "12th Five Year Plan" are not only significant for economic development in China, but also significant in terms of providing more jobs and business opportunities to China and other countries in the world, including our neighbour India.
下面，我想就中印之間的文化和教育交流說幾句，大家肯定會感興趣。來加爾各答之后，我確實做了幾件有關泰戈爾的事情，比如5月4日紀念泰戈爾150周年誕辰音樂會。對中國人來說，我們在學生時代就學習過泰戈爾的詩歌并非常喜愛，例如《飛鳥集》。我也去過泰戈爾故居，中國文化部捐款536萬盧比在那里修建“泰戈爾與中國”展廳，目前工程進展順利。
Then I would like to say a few words about cultural and educational exchanges between India and China, which I think you will be interested in. After I came here, I do concentrate on some Rabindranath Tagore issues. For Chinese, we learnt Tagore poems in schooldays and like them very much. One poem collection is called Stray Birds. After I came here, I have encountered Rabindranath Tagore House. The Ministry of Culture of China has donated Rs. 5.36 million to help build a "Robindranath Tagore and China" Gallery in the Tagore House. We are in the preparation for that purpose.

說到中印文化教育交流，首先進入我們腦海的便是泰戈爾。這是中印傳統友誼的象征。1924年，泰戈爾訪問中國。對此，也許很多印度人不知道，因為泰戈爾一生訪問過50多個國家，中國只是其中之一。但泰戈爾的中國之行影響了一代中國知識分子，包括著名畫家徐悲鴻。北京大學的教授甚至給泰戈爾取了中文名字。泰戈爾回印度后，中國湖南人譚云山先生幫助在圣蒂尼克坦國際大學創(chuàng)建了中國學院。一個月前，我剛剛訪問過那里，100多個學生在那學習中文和從事中國研究。他們熱切希望有中國教師授課。一年半前，他們有一位中國教師，現在只有印度教師，但我的印象是，印度教師漢語說得很好。不久，他們可能會有一位從云南來的中國教師。國際大學中國學院在當代印度中國研究和中印關系方面發(fā)揮了獨特作用。
When we talk about cultural and educational exchanges, which should play a bigger role in our future relationship, Rabindranath Tagore is what first came to my mind. That's our tradition, symbol of friendship between India and China. Rabindranath Tagore paid a grand visit to China in 1924. Many Indians may not know that because Tagore visited around 50 countries in the world and China is only one of the countries he visited in his lifetime. But Tagore's 1924 grand tour in China had significant impact on the generation of intellectuals in China, like famous painter Xu Beihong. Intellectuals in Beijing University even gave a Chinese name to Rabindranath Tagore. When Tagore returned to India, one Chinese person Mr. Tan Yunshan helped build the Chinese Institute in Santiniketan in the framework of Visva-Bharati University. Just one month ago, I paid a visit to that University and there are around 100 students involved in China study. They told me they were eager to have Chinese teachers. One and a half years ago, they had a Chinese teacher teaching Chinese, but now they have only Indian teachers. My impression is Indian teachers there can speak Madarian very well. They teach all kinds of courses in Chinese. They are looking forward to having one Chinese teacher probably from Yunnan Province. That Chinese institute has a unique role in promoting Chinese study in modern India and China-India relationship.

除了泰戈爾，我們還會想到佛教。公元5世紀和7世紀，法顯和玄奘分別來到比哈爾地區(qū)學習佛經。正因為玄奘的準確記載，英國人在上世紀初發(fā)掘出那爛陀大學。我訪問比哈爾的時候，當地人非常熱情，告訴我玄奘在那里求學的傳奇經歷。泰戈爾、佛教交流是中印交流史上的佳話。我們珍視這些傳統，也會繼續(xù)傳承發(fā)揚。同時，歷史的腳步不能停止，新時代要求我們注入新能量，繼續(xù)推進中印關系。
Besides Tagore, we Chinese always think of Buddhism. Faxian in 5th century and Xuanzang in 7th century came to Bihar area to learn Buddhism Scriptures and because of Xuanzang's vivid description of Nalanda University, British could restore the Nalanda University in 1910's. When I visited Bihar, people there were very enthusiastic to tell me stories about how Xuanzang studied in that area. So we think of Rabindranath Tagore, think of traditions of Buddihism exchanges. We cherish these traditions and I believe we can continue to work on these traditions. In the meantime, we need to input new energies into that relationship in new era. We cannot stop at what history has played and we should move forward in that relationship.

目前，許多印度人希望學習漢語。他們不僅想說漢語，了解中國文化，更想抓住中印之間的機會，為今后的事業(yè)做準備。中國總領館對此表示支持和鼓勵。加爾各答有一座私人開辦的中文學校，規(guī)模不大，但辦學認真。總領館幫助他們從中國請到2至3名中國教師。今年4月，印度中等教育中央委員會(CBSE)將中文列入外語選修課之一，中國承諾將提供教學材料和幫助訓練教師。
Nowadays many local people expressed interest in learning Chinese languages, not only to speak Chinese, learn more about Chinese culture, but also to prepare themselves for future careers. They seize the opportunities between China and India. Consulate General of China in Kolkata encourage that. There is a family-based Chinese School in Kolkata. It is small in size but it is trying hard to provide language-teaching to local students and the Consulate General in the past has helped them find 2 or 3 Chinese teachers from China to help students learn Chinese. This year in April, Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) enlisted Chinese as one optional foreign language for students and China promised to help provide teaching materials and training of teachers.

今年是“中印交流年”，兩國間將有更多的人員交流。中國將接待印度500名青年訪華。我相信，對青年人的投資是對未來兩國關系的重大投資。我們樂見更多的印度人訪問中國，更多的中國人訪問印度。必須承認，兩國間由于歷史原因互信還不夠，還有誤解。許多中國人不了解印度，許多印度人不了解中國。人們的記憶大多停留在過去，如泰戈爾、佛教、玄奘等等。因此，我呼吁兩國的教育機構在未來發(fā)揮更大作用，提高民眾的意識。讓印度學生多了解中國，讓中國學生多了解印度，讓人員來往得更頻繁。
This year is declared "Year of Exchange" between China and India and we are going to see more and more people-to-people exchanges. China has promised to host 500 Indian youths to China. I believe that investment in youth is good investment on our future relationship. We would like to see more Indians come to China and more Chinese come to India. We must admit there is some mistrust between our two nations because of historical issues. There are also misconceptions, lots of people in China do not know much about India, just like in India, lots of people do not know much about China. Lots of memories remain in the past, Rabindranath Tagore, Buddhism, Xuanzang. That's why I call for educational institutions to play a bigger role in the future, to raise awareness of both countries. Let Indian students know more about China and let Chinese students know more about India, to encourage more flux of people come back and forth.

去年，約有54.9萬印度人訪問中國，約有9.9萬中國人訪問印度。這是不平衡的。中印兩國是最大的發(fā)展中國家，有理由相信應有更多的人員交流。與兩國的人口相比，現在的訪問人數太少。我們需要更多的人員交流。現在，加爾各答和昆明之間有直航，再過一個月，加爾各答和中國改革開放的窗口城市 — 廣東的深圳之間有望開通直航。這將更加便利兩國人員往來，增加兩國的理解。
Last year around 549,000 Indians travelled to China and around 99,000 Chinese travelled to India. It is not balanced. As China and India are the biggest developing countries with the largest population, I firmly believe that we should have more people-to-people exchanges between us. Compared to the large size of our population, the current visits by both countries are too small. We absolutely need to see more and more people-to-people exchanges. There is a direct flight between Kolkata and Kunming, and maybe in another month, there will be another direct flight from Kolkata to Shenzhen, which is a pioneer city in China's Reform process and is in Guangdong Province. The new direct flight will be launched in the near future and will facilitate more movement of people, more mutual visits and help to improve the understanding of our two great nations.

最后，我再次感謝主席先生組織這次活動，讓我和同學與老師們就中印關系、兩國的商業(yè)和經濟合作機會交流看法。
Having said that, once again I would like to thank Mr. Chairman for providing this opportunities, organizing so many students and teachers here to share some ideas on China-India relationship and business and economic cooperation opportunities.

謝謝！
Thank you very much!

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