10. Inspection and Claims （檢驗(yàn)索賠條款）

　　1）檢驗(yàn)條款 = 檢驗(yàn)權(quán)的規(guī)定（檢驗(yàn)機(jī)構(gòu)）+ 檢驗(yàn)的內(nèi)容（檢驗(yàn)證書(shū)）+ 檢驗(yàn)時(shí)間

　　通常檢驗(yàn)證書(shū)有以下寫(xiě)法：

　　Inspection Certificate of Quality / Quantity / Weight / Value / Health / …

　　Disinfection Inspection Certificate 消毒檢驗(yàn)證書(shū)

　　Sanitary Inspection Certificate 衛(wèi)生檢驗(yàn)證書(shū)

　　來(lái)看以下兩句合同內(nèi)容和其翻譯：

　　例1：雙方同意以裝運(yùn)港中國(guó)進(jìn)出口商品檢驗(yàn)局簽發(fā)的品質(zhì)及數(shù)量檢驗(yàn)證書(shū)為最后依據(jù)對(duì)雙方具有約束力。

　　It is mutually agreed that the goods are subject to the Inspection Certificate of Quality and Inspection Certificate of Quantity issued by China Import and Export at the port of shipment. The Certificate shall be binding on both parties.

　　例2：在交貨前制造商應(yīng)就訂貨的質(zhì)量、規(guī)格、數(shù)量、性能作出準(zhǔn)確全面的檢驗(yàn)，并出具貨物與本合同相符的檢驗(yàn)證書(shū)。該證書(shū)為議付貨款時(shí)向銀行提交單據(jù)的一部分，但不得做為貨物質(zhì)量、規(guī)格、數(shù)量、性能的最后依據(jù)，制造商應(yīng)將記載檢驗(yàn)細(xì)節(jié)的書(shū)面報(bào)告附在品質(zhì)檢驗(yàn)書(shū)內(nèi)。

　　Before delivery the manufacturer should make a precise and overall inspection of the goods regarding quality, quantity, specification and performance and issue the certificate indicating the goods in conformity with the stipulation of the contract. The certificates are one part of the documents presented to the bank for negotiation of the payment and should not be considered as final regarding quality, quantity, specification and performance. The manufacturer should include the inspection written report in the Inspection Certificate of Quality, stating the inspection particulars.

　　2）索賠條款 = 索賠權(quán)的規(guī)定 + 索賠時(shí)間 + 索賠依據(jù) +賠付方法

　　例1：買(mǎi)方對(duì)于裝運(yùn)貨物的任何異議必須與裝運(yùn)貨物的船只到達(dá)目的港后30天內(nèi)提出，并須提供經(jīng)賣(mài)方同意的公正機(jī)關(guān)出具的檢驗(yàn)報(bào)告，如果貨物已經(jīng)加工，買(mǎi)方即喪失索賠權(quán)利。屬于保險(xiǎn)公司或輪船公司責(zé)任范圍的索賠，賣(mài)方不予受理。

　　Any discrepancy on the shipped goods should be put forward within 30 days after the arrival of the vessel carrying the goods at the port of destination and the Buyer should present the Survey Report issued by the Surveyor agreed by the Seller. If the goods have been processed the Buyer will loss the right to claim. The Seller shall not settle the claim within the responsibility of the Insurance Company or Ship Company.

　　例2：品質(zhì)異議須于貨物到達(dá)目的港30天內(nèi)提出，數(shù)量異議須于貨物到達(dá)目的港15天提出，但均須提供相關(guān)檢驗(yàn)機(jī)構(gòu)的證明，如屬賣(mài)方責(zé)任，賣(mài)方應(yīng)予以收到異議20天內(nèi)答復(fù)，并提出處理意見(jiàn)。

　　Any discrepancy about quality should be presented within 30 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination； any discrepancy about quantity should be presented within 15 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination, both of which cases should be on the strength of the certificates issued by the related surveyor. If the Seller is liable he should send the reply together with the proposal for settlement within 20 days after receiving the said discrepancy.

　　11. Terms of Payment （支付條款）

　　支付條款 = 支付方式 + 支付時(shí)間。支付方法有很多，來(lái)看一些常見(jiàn)的：信用證letter of credit （L / C）；現(xiàn)金in cash； 支票by check； 信用卡credit card； 匯票draft / bill of exchange； …

　　其他相關(guān)詞匯：信匯mail transfer； 電匯telegraphic transfer； 開(kāi)證行opening bank； 通知行negotiating bank； 托收銀行collecting bank； 代收銀行remitting bank

　　例1：買(mǎi)方應(yīng)不遲于12月15日，將100%的貨款用電匯預(yù)付至賣(mài)方。

　　The Buyer should pay 100% of the sale amount to the Seller in advance by telegraphic transfer not later than Dec. 15th.

　　例2：買(mǎi)方應(yīng)憑賣(mài)方開(kāi)具的即期匯票于見(jiàn)票時(shí)立即付款。

　　The Buyer should make immediate payment against the presentation of the draft issued by the Seller.

　　例3：買(mǎi)方對(duì)賣(mài)方開(kāi)具的見(jiàn)票后20天付款的跟單匯票于提示時(shí)應(yīng)予以承兌，并應(yīng)于匯票到期日付款。

　　The Buyer should accept the documentary draft at 20 days‘ sight upon the presentation and make payment on the maturity.

　　例4：買(mǎi)方通過(guò)賣(mài)方可接受的銀行在裝運(yùn)前一個(gè)月開(kāi)立以賣(mài)方為抬頭的保兌的不可撤銷(xiāo)的信用證，有效期至裝運(yùn)后15天。

　　The Buyer shall open a confirmation irrevocable L / C in favor of the Seller with / through the bank acceptable to the Seller, one month before the shipment

　　12. Terms of shipment （運(yùn)輸條款）

　　運(yùn)輸條款中要說(shuō)明運(yùn)輸方式和價(jià)格條件，比如：In case of FOB Terms. 其中有一些貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)需要大家注意，例如：FOB （Free on Board）裝運(yùn)港船上交貨，指貨物在指定的裝運(yùn)港越過(guò)船舷，賣(mài)方即完成交貨。這意味著買(mǎi)方必須從該點(diǎn)起承當(dāng)貨物滅失或損壞的一切風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。FOB術(shù)語(yǔ)要求賣(mài)方辦理貨物出口清關(guān)手續(xù)。CIF （Cost, Insurance and Freight）成本加保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)、運(yùn)費(fèi)，按此術(shù)語(yǔ)成交，貨價(jià)的構(gòu)成因素中包括從裝運(yùn)港至約定目的的港的通常運(yùn)費(fèi)和約定的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)，故賣(mài)方除具有與CFR術(shù)語(yǔ)的相同的義務(wù)外，還就為買(mǎi)方辦理貨運(yùn)保險(xiǎn)，交支付保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)。等等。

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