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政治與媒體偏見

In a study of 116 mainstream US papers (including The New York Times, the Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, and the San Francisco Chronicle), it is found that the mainstream print press in America operates within a narrow range of liberal beliefs. Those who expressed points of view further to the left were generally ignored, whereas those who expressed moderate or conservative points of view were often actively denigrated or labeled as holding a minority point of view. In short, if a political leader, regardless of party, spoke within the press-supported range of acceptable discourse, he or she would receive positive press coverage. If a politician, again regardless of party, were to speak outside of this range, he or she would receive negative press or be ignored. It is also found that the liberal points of view expressed in editorial and opinion pages were found in hard news coverage of the same issues. Although focusing primarily on the issues of race and homosexuality, the press injected opinion into its news coverage of other issues such as welfare reform, environmental protection, and gun control; in all cases favoring a liberal point of view.

媒體的影響： 孩子

Communications technology is expanding through the entire global community. Children everywhere are being born into a world of images and messages, which are largely separated from their home, school and spiritual lives. In society today, storytellers are seldom parents, grandparents, teachers or the clergy; instead they are the handful of distant forces with something to sell. What is unique about the media industry is that in global and corporate domination they have become part of our culture as well as our identity. Social scientists and child advocates have been exploring the effects of media for decades, yet it is only recently that the concern has generated a public debate. Historical Disagreements concerning the effect of violence revealed in works of art and entertainment have resonated over the centuries. We must ask ourselves whether or not our versions of entertainment exhibits any more violence than past forms of recreation, for example gladiatorial games or public hangings.

電視的影響： 親子關(guān)系

Since television is frequently used by parents as a babysitting device, there is a lack of interaction between children and parents. On average, between 1960 and 1992, children lost ten to twelve hours per week of parental time. Children who are more closely identified with either parent are less aggressive. When a child is given the opportunity to spend quality time with their parents, their level of aggression is reduced.

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