【寫(xiě)作技能get】原來(lái)雅思考官喜愛(ài)這樣的開(kāi)頭段
我們說(shuō)，要想提高雅思寫(xiě)作分?jǐn)?shù)，除了多積累好的詞匯和句型，多看范文這項(xiàng)工作也是必不可少的。寫(xiě)作是輸出型考試，輸出的文字質(zhì)量是高是低，與我們平時(shí)輸入多少好的詞、好的句子密切相關(guān)。所以在這里也特別提醒大家，不要一味地埋頭苦寫(xiě)，從不看范文，從不背好的句子。一味埋頭苦寫(xiě)無(wú)異于只是把自己4分、5分的作文水平練的更加純熟，練成了鋼琴十級(jí)跆拳道黑帶而已，一定要多讀范文，多背好的句子，這樣才能真正提高寫(xiě)作水平。俗話說(shuō)“熟讀唐詩(shī)三百首，不會(huì)作詩(shī)也會(huì)吟”，范文的力量，可見(jiàn)一斑。
我們先來(lái)看一道機(jī)經(jīng)真題：
Some people think that government should establish free libraries in each town.
While others believe that it is a waste of money since people can obtain information from the Internet at home.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
拿到這個(gè)題目，很多同學(xué)寫(xiě)開(kāi)頭都陷入了一種典型的模板化形式，筆下的開(kāi)頭是這樣的：
Nowadays, the human society is progressing rapidly on various fronts. Yet at the same time, whether government should establish free libraries in each town has sparked much debate. Some people think government should establish free libraries in each town, while others believe that it is a waste of money since people can obtain information from the Internet at home. Personally, I am in favor of the former view.
不知道有沒(méi)有同學(xué)“躺槍”，寫(xiě)這種開(kāi)頭的同學(xué)，分?jǐn)?shù)絕對(duì)不可能高于5.5，整個(gè)開(kāi)頭幾乎可以說(shuō)是在“自殺”，除了套模板，就是照搬原題，考官拿到這種開(kāi)頭是絕對(duì)不會(huì)有好印象的。那真正好的開(kāi)頭是什么樣子的呢?我們以劍8的TEST1中劍橋考官的給出的范文為例，來(lái)看看考官自己愛(ài)怎么寫(xiě)開(kāi)頭。先來(lái)看一下題目:
Some people think that parents should teach children how to be good members of society. Others, however, believe that school is the place to learn this. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
考官范文的開(kāi)頭是這樣的：
A child’s education has never been about learning information and basic skills only. It has always included teaching the next generation how to be good members of society. Therefore, this cannot be the responsibility of the parents alone.
從這篇考官范文的開(kāi)頭，我們不難看出，它并沒(méi)有模式化的“社會(huì)背景引入-提出正方觀點(diǎn)-再提出反方觀點(diǎn)-最后陳述自己觀點(diǎn)”，而是只做了兩件事：
一、給核心名詞下定義。
在本文中，即是給child’s education下了個(gè)定義，談了一下在作者看來(lái)，child’s education是什么樣的。
二、表明觀點(diǎn)或立場(chǎng)。
在本文中，即闡明孩子的教育問(wèn)題不僅僅只關(guān)乎家長(zhǎng)。所以，好的開(kāi)頭可以“無(wú)模板，但有邏輯。”
翻翻劍橋雅思考官的范文，我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)很多考官在開(kāi)頭段都只干了兩件事：下定義+ 表明觀點(diǎn)，或者是引出背景+表明觀點(diǎn)，還有很多考官范文開(kāi)頭只是引出背景而已。所以，闡述題目中談及事件的背景才是開(kāi)頭段應(yīng)該做的，而不是模式化的引出兩方觀點(diǎn)。
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