2018英語專四作文高分三個步驟
2018英語專四作文高分三個步驟
對于英語專四寫作,想要高分建議考生按照以下三個步驟進行:
1. 審題謀篇
2. 段落寫作
3. 修改潤色
2018英語專四作文高分三個步驟第一步:審題謀篇
TEM 4—般都是提綱式作文,題目內(nèi)容通常與考生的學習生活和社會熱點問題緊密相關(guān),容易理解。考生在看到題目后應(yīng)該明確題目的主旨,并且根據(jù)給出的提綱確思路明確文章相關(guān)內(nèi)容以及各部分之間的邏輯關(guān)系。
對于需要陳述自己觀點的題目,要理清思路,明確文章的主旨,并且尋找合適的例證來支持這一觀點。 在審題的基礎(chǔ)上,考生可以嘗試寫出三段各自的主旨,并且尋找合適的例證來支撐這一觀點,并勾勒出這篇文章的基本框架。
以2011年的專四寫作真題為例
寫作題目:Should Private Car Owners Be Taxed for Pollution?
寫作提綱:In the first part ,state specifically what your opinion is. In the second part , provide one or two reasons to support your opinion. In the last part ,bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.
首先,題目中就透露出這篇文章的幾個關(guān)鍵詞: private car、tax、pollution;再者,從提綱要求來分析,第一段提出觀點,第二段列出若干個理由來支持作者觀點,第三段則為總結(jié)。因此,這篇作文的基本框架及其各段的主題句可舉例如下:
In my point of view, private car owners should be taxed for pollution(背景介紹,引出討論的話題)
A. To begin with, automobile exhaust causes air pollution.(擴展說明理由一)
B. Besides, pollution tax may encourage an increasing number of people to C. make full use of public transportation(擴展說明理由二)
D. In a word, it is necessary and urgent to levy tax to combat air pollution.(結(jié)束語)
2018英語專四作文高分三個步驟第二步:段落寫作
在第一步確定文章大致框架和各部分主題句的基礎(chǔ)上,第二步在總框架中填入相關(guān)內(nèi)容即可,這里需要綜合運用各種寫作手法對主題句所表達的內(nèi)容進行擴充。同時也通過恰當?shù)你暯邮址ū3治恼戮渑c句之間、段與段之間內(nèi)容連貫,邏輯清晰。我們?nèi)砸?011年作文題為例來進行講解:
第一段:In my point of view, private car owners should be taxed for pollution.(背景介紹, 引出討論的話題)
根據(jù)第一步中的構(gòu)想,文章的第一段為引出話題+亮出觀點。這里需要填入話題背景介紹部分,具體寫作手法可舉例如下:
1. 直接引出話題,如:Nowadays,more and more people can afford car, which has caused serious air pollution problems。However,the proposed regulation about taxing private car owners for pollution is still in dispute
2. 間接引出話題,比如采用舉例的寫作手法間接引出
如:Mr Zhang lives in the suburbs of Guangzhou. He bought a car last year and found it very convenient and time-saving. One thing that has caused headache to him is that there is a proposed regulation about taxing private car owners for pollution. He is somewhat resistant to this regulation; However, in my point of view…
第二段:To begin with,automobile exhaust causes air pollution.(擴展說明理由一)besides,pollution tax may encourage an increasing number of people to make full use of public transportation.(擴展說明理由二)
這一段為文章的主體部分,考生已提出兩個觀點并形成相應(yīng)的主題句,需要對其進行拓展說明。這里可以使用的寫作手法比較多,如舉例、數(shù)據(jù)說明、正反觀點等等。以下我們來看如如何采用不同的寫作手法對第一個觀點進行擴展:
1. 舉例式
To begin with, automobile exhaust causes air pollution. Some big cities, such as Beijing and Shanghai, suffer a lot from air pollution caused by private car emission.
2. 數(shù)據(jù)說明式
To begin with,automobile exhaust causes air pollution. According to the statistics released by the State Environmental Protection Administration, up to 40% of air pollution has been caused by automobile exhaust.
3. 正反觀點式
To begin with,automobile exhaust causes air pollution. If there were no effective measures to control the number of private cars, the problem would greatly influence our life and the whole eco-logical system as well.
第三段:In a word, it is necessary and urgent to levy tax to combat air pollution.(結(jié)束語)
這一段為文章的結(jié)尾部分,可以采取提出建議、展望或愿景等方式來結(jié)束文章,具體寫作手法如下:
1. 提出建議式
In a word, it is necessary and urgent to levy tax to combat air pollution. I would suggest the
government should work out a feasible package of regulations as soon as possible to get this prob-lem resolved.
2. 展望、愿景式
In a word, it is necessary to levy tax to combat air pollution. Only in this way can the environment be protected and the economy be sustainably developed.
2018英語專四作文高分三個步驟第三步:修改潤色
考試作文的時間相對較緊,但考生即便是寫完作文所剩時間不多也一定要對文章進行仔細檢查,盡量避免文章中出現(xiàn)大小寫、標點符號、拼寫、時態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致等常見的寫作問 題??忌容^容易疏忽的問題包括:
1. 標題的格式
這是許多考生容易忽視的問題。考生應(yīng)當嚴格遵照英文標題大小寫規(guī)范來書寫作文標題,一般實詞(名詞、動詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞等)首字母大寫,虛詞(介詞、冠 詞、連詞、感嘆詞等)首字母小寫,標題的第一個單詞無論是實詞還是虛詞,其首字母一律大寫。
2. 數(shù)、時態(tài)、代詞等不一致
如:Money encourage you to work hard and try your best to earn them. 這里的money 為抽象概念,謂語動詞應(yīng)以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn),同樣,也應(yīng)以單數(shù)代詞對其進行了指代。因此,這里應(yīng)該改為:money encourages you to work hard and try your best to earn it.
3. 詞性誤用
如 :None can deny the significant of money. 其中significant是形容詞,在這個句子里用為名詞,可以改為: None can deny the x/gn訴omce of money.又如:Some college students hire cleaners in their dormitories occasional. 這句話里的 occasional 本是形容詞,被誤用為副詞了,應(yīng)該改為occasionally。
4. 標點符號誤用
有些考生容易出現(xiàn)將逗號誤用為句號的情況,如:Money could bring some extra trouble to you,sometimes it is harmful. 這樣的句子在英語專業(yè)四級考試的作文卷中屢見不鮮,屬于不斷句(run-on sentence),往往是由于考生將漢語中逗號的用法遷移至英語寫作中所致??忌鷳?yīng)該注意在潤色過程中檢查這類的句子,使用適當?shù)倪B接詞來銜接兩個或兩個以上的分句。
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