按題材劃分，獨立任務(wù)屬于議論文，而論點、理由、論據(jù)、結(jié)論和論證是議論文的五個要素。具體來說，“論點”是文章的核心，“理由”是論點成立的依據(jù)，兩者構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系;“論據(jù)”是對理由的具體解釋，多為事例;“結(jié)論”是對觀點的重申，兩者一脈相承、頭尾呼應(yīng);而整個寫作過程就是一個“論證”的過程。

要想作文得高分，這五要素就必須面面俱到，如此才能寫出結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、條理清晰的高分作文。

1、開頭

Sample one(適用于有一些背景or有一個中心詞而且編得出來那個quotation的所有情況(二選一，agree or disagree,除了個別);

On contemporary society(一般的背景)/ With the advent of the technologically advanced society (the information explosive era(與科技有關(guān)的背景)，XX(中心詞) serves as a catalyst for our future success/ XX is synonymous with knowledge and the road to success/XX plays an essential/increasingly important role in…/XX is enjoying an increasingly high popularity among people./很簡單的一句背景 , However, people (universities, government, citizen, society, government,) are/is invariably faced with such a question/ can’t help wondering:改寫題目1.Confucian (Yu Qiuyu, Mark Twain, William Shakespeare), (one of) the greatest and most influential Chinese philosophers (scholars, educators, writers, thinkers, statesmen), has insightfully commented, “___編____”I cling to an unshakeable belief that his comment gives the answer to this question:改寫題目2.
Among countless factors which contribute to my position are following conspicuous ones(最后一定排比結(jié)尾,且如果字?jǐn)?shù)夠了這一句就不要).
要做的：想一句簡單的背景+編一句名言+改寫兩次題目

Sample two：(如果sample one的名言編不出來或者不適合編如leisure time，就用下面的)

On contemporary society(一般的背景)/ With the advent of the technologically advanced society (the information explosive era(與科技有關(guān)的背景))/ On account of …，XX(中心詞) serves as a catalyst for our future success/ XX is synonymous with knowledge and the road to success/XX plays an essential/increasingly important role in… /XX is enjoying an increasingly high popularity among people./ 很簡單的一句背景( 如so…that…/not only…but also). However，when it comes to the choice between AA and BB/When asked about whether改寫題目1, people get into a dilemma. According to my personality and experiences/As far as I am concerned/From my perspective, I cling to an unshakeable belief that改寫題目2.以下最后決定怎樣寫：Among countless factors which contribute to my position are following conspicuous ones(最后一定排比結(jié)尾)/AA not only…but also(2)/There are various merits AA brings about, first of all, to…; secondly, to…;and lastly…(3).

要做的：想一句簡單的背景+改寫兩次題目+總起(最后寫)

2、分點一：分層論證

Basic to any understanding of the benefits we can get from
_______ is that__________/ First and foremost,
On one hand_________, On the other hand_________
Besides/ What’s more/ In addition.

這一段主要說理，在分論點里可以加一些小的例子細(xì)節(jié)，重點是要用一些精華句子!

3、分點二：舉例論證

Further lending credence to my position is that____________
(簡單闡述/例子字不夠就多講點廢話)I can think of no better illustration than the example of(典型例子)/ A case in point is that(不是很典型)________,…..(例子見后面)

一句話總結(jié)例子：As a result,強(qiáng)調(diào)句/倒裝句/表利弊的句型/反面論證如果沒有會怎樣

4、讓步段：

Agree or disagree: Admittedly,_____,to some extent, may directly or indirectly ____ /has its undeniable detriments. For instance, _______
However, the valuable merits of_______ considerably overshadow the drawbacks/ on no account________./

二選一：Admittedly, BB also has certain merits which deserve some words here. For example, ____(字?jǐn)?shù)不夠就多講點) However，BB 的缺點或AA也可以做到. Compared with AA, (which 可以總結(jié)所有優(yōu)點或針對BB的一方面, )it pales.

5、結(jié)尾段：

Therefore, due to the above mentioned reasons, which sometimes correlate with each other to form an organic whole and thus become more persuasive than any single one of them(字不夠了用), I reinforce my stand point that 改寫題目3
Only via(by/through /with/when/after) ___can we__________;
only via(by/through /with/when/after) ___can we________;
and only via(by/through /with/when/after)___can we_______
Or It is A that...;it is A that...;and it is A that...(不好寫或顯得累贅就不要了)

范文： 【2013.4.14】

Which of the following do you think contributes the most to an enjoyable vacation?
Good Food
Good Location
Good Friends to travel with

When going on a vacation, a variety of factors can contribute to the overall quality of your experience. For me, the three biggest contenders are good food, good friends, and good location. However, if I had to go with just one, good location would win hands down.
When I travel, the first thing I'm looking to do is broaden my horizons. Food is certainly one way to do that, but it only constitutes a small part of how we can experience foreign cultures. And friends are surely great for the company, but they can also keep your mindset trapped in familiar territory while abroad. That's why food and friends are really secondary considerations for me while traveling. After college I backpacked alone through South America, and while I thoroughly enjoyed the food and longed for some familiar faces now and then, the most salient and enjoyable part of the experience was becoming immersed in a totally foreign location.
Actually, I'd go as far as to say that the experience would've been less enjoyable had I brought any friends with me. That's because when I'm visiting new places, I'm also looking to meet new people; traveling with friends can be great, but traveling alone really forces you to step out of your comfort zone and mingle with strangers. I had actually planned the South American journey months before with a friend of mine, but something came up and she was forced to drop out. The first few days after landing were terrifying. I'd never traveled alone before, and could hardly choke out two words of Spanish. But after a few torturous days of hanging around the hostel, I couldn't stomach the boredom anymore; I decided that I'd force myself to learn Spanish and talk to the locals. The next 2 months gave me some of the most memorable experiences of my life.
Finally, while most people take vacations as an opportunity to relax, I like to take them as an opportunity to challenge myself. Good food and good friends are great for relaxing, but they're not priorities if I'm seeking to push my individual boundaries. A good location, however, can provide a worthwhile challenge that food and friends alone will not--my 2 months in South America thoroughly convinced me of that. Learning a new language, meeting new people, learning to live with only what I could fit into a backpack--these were the challenges that this new location threw at me. Even today, I still consider the experience an important part of my coming-of-age.

These are the reasons why good location comes first for me. Now, don't get me wrong--I love good food as much as the next person. And you can bet my friends will tell you how much I cherish each and every one of them. But good food and good friends will both be waiting for me when I get back at home. Vacation is for getting away, and for that, a good location is crucial.

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