美國總統奧巴馬12日晚發布年度國情咨文，大篇幅著墨經濟議題，提出稅制改革、增加相關領域投資等舉措，扶助中產階級，重啟經濟增長引擎。一些政治分析師認為，奧巴馬連任總統后的首份國情咨文囊括不少改革藍圖，可謂“雄心壯志”。然而，在共和黨控制國會眾議院、兩黨分歧加深的情況下，如何實現這些主張面臨挑戰。

The 2013 State of the Union Address

THE PRESIDENT: Mr. Speaker, Mr. Vice President, members of Congress, fellow citizens:
議長先生，副總統先生，國會議員們，美國人民：

Fifty-one years ago, John F. Kennedy declared to this chamber that “the Constitution makes us not rivals for power but partners for progress.” (Applause.) “It is my task,” he said, “to report the State of the Union -- to improve it is the task of us all.”
51年前，約翰-F-肯尼迪在這里宣布“憲法讓我們成為進步的伙伴而不是權利的對手，”(掌聲)他說，“發表國情咨文是我的任務，但是完善國情卻是我們所有人的任務。”

Tonight, thanks to the grit and determination of the American people, there is much progress to report. After a decade of grinding war, our brave men and women in uniform are coming home. (Applause.) After years of grueling recession, our businesses have created over six million new jobs. We buy more American cars than we have in five years, and less foreign oil than we have in 20. (Applause.) Our housing market is healing, our stock market is rebounding, and consumers, patients, and homeowners enjoy stronger protections than ever before. (Applause.)
今晚，感謝美國人民的勇氣和決心，我有很多內容需要匯報。在十年的殘酷戰爭之后，我們勇敢的穿軍裝的男人女人正在歸來。(掌聲)在多年的緊張的蕭條期后，我們的商業已經創造了600萬新的就業崗位。我們現在開始購入比過去5年還要多的汽車，但依賴的國外石油比過去20年總和都要少。我們的住宅市場正在復蘇，我們的股票市場正在反彈。消費者、病人、房產所有者也享受比之前更有力的保護。(掌聲)

So, together, we have cleared away the rubble of crisis, and we can say with renewed confidence that the State of our Union is stronger. (Applause.)
所以，在一起，我們清除了危機的廢墟。而且，我們可以說，通過新的信心，我們國家的狀態更強有力了。(掌聲)

But we gather here knowing that there are millions of Americans whose hard work and dedication have not yet been rewarded. Our economy is adding jobs -- but too many people still can’t find full-time employment. Corporate profits have skyrocketed to all-time highs -- but for more than a decade, wages and incomes have barely budged.
但是我們來到這里，知道還有數百萬的美國人，通過辛苦的工作和奉獻，并沒有得到回報。我們的經濟正在創造就業崗位——但仍然有許多人不能找到全職工作。企業利潤飆升到了新高度——但十多年來，薪資和收入幾乎從未上升。

It is our generation’s task, then, to reignite the true engine of America’s economic growth -- a rising, thriving middle class. (Applause.)
我們這一代人的任務是——重燃美國經濟增長的發動機——造就一個升起的、興旺的中產階級。(掌聲)

It is our unfinished task to restore the basic bargain that built this country -- the idea that if you work hard and meet your responsibilities, you can get ahead, no matter where you come from, no matter what you look like, or who you love.
我們的未竟任務是——恢復我們國家的基本協議——如果你工作努力并且負責任，你將會領先于別人，不論你從哪里來，不論你長得怎樣，或者愛的是誰。

It is our unfinished task to make sure that this government works on behalf of the many, and not just the few; that it encourages free enterprise, rewards individual initiative, and opens the doors of opportunity to every child across this great nation. (Applause.)
我們的未竟任務是——政府為大多數人服務，而不是少數人；政府鼓勵自由企業、獎勵個人的主創性，并且給這個國家的每一個孩子都提供發展的機會。(掌聲)

The American people don’t expect government to solve every problem. They don’t expect those of us in this chamber to agree on every issue. But they do expect us to put the nation’s interests before party. (Applause.) They do expect us to forge reasonable compromise where we can. For they know that America moves forward only when we do so together, and that the responsibility of improving this union remains the task of us all.
美國人并不期望政府解決所有的問題。他們不期望在這個議事廳里的我們在所有的事務上有一致的看法。但是他們期望我們把國家利益放在黨派前面。(掌聲)他們期望我們在我們能走做到的議題上形成合理的妥協。因為他們知道只有當我們一起做這些事的時候，美國才會前進。改善這個國家的責任是我們所共有的。

Our work must begin by making some basic decisions about our budget -- decisions that will have a huge impact on the strength of our recovery.
我們的工作必須從如何決定我們的預算開始——這些決定將對我們復蘇的勢頭有巨大影響。

Over the last few years, both parties have worked together to reduce the deficit by more than $2.5 trillion -- mostly through spending cuts, but also by raising tax rates on the wealthiest 1 percent of Americans. As a result, we are more than halfway towards the goal of $4 trillion in deficit reduction that economists say we need to stabilize our finances.
過去幾年，兩黨共同努力，削減了2.5萬億美元的赤字——大部分是通過削減支出進行的，當然我們也對最富有的1%的美國人提高了稅率。結果就是，我們已經完成了經濟學家認為的足以穩定財政的削減赤字4萬億美元任務的一半還要多。

Now we need to finish the job. And the question is, how?
現在我們需要完成這項任務。問題是，怎樣完成？

In 2011, Congress passed a law saying that if both parties couldn’t agree on a plan to reach our deficit goal, about a trillion dollars’ worth of budget cuts would automatically go into effect this year. These sudden, harsh, arbitrary cuts would jeopardize our military readiness. They’d devastate priorities like education, and energy, and medical research. They would certainly slow our recovery, and cost us hundreds of thousands of jobs. That’s why Democrats, Republicans, business leaders, and economists have already said that these cuts, known here in Washington as the sequester, are a really bad idea.
2011年，國會通過了一個議案。議案稱如果兩黨不能對削減赤字達成一致，那么價值約1萬億美元的預算削減將會自動生效。這些突然的、殘酷的、武斷的削減，將會使我們的軍事準備陷入危險。這也將會使教育、能源及醫療科研等優先問題惡化。這將會毫無疑問地減緩我們的經濟復蘇，并且還會讓我們付出成百上千個就業崗位的代價。這就是為什么民主黨員們、共和黨員們、商業領袖們以及經濟學家們已經說過，在華盛頓被認為是一種扣押行為的這些削減措施，是一個確實無誤的壞主意。

Now, some in Congress have proposed preventing only the defense cuts by making even bigger cuts to things like education and job training, Medicare and Social Security benefits. That idea is even worse. (Applause.)
現在，國會中的某些人已經開始提議防止通過更大幅度的削減教育、職業培訓、老年保健醫療體系和社會保險津貼的經費以削減國防經費。(掌聲)

Yes, the biggest driver of our long-term debt is the rising cost of health care for an aging population. And those of us who care deeply about programs like Medicare must embrace the need for modest reforms -- otherwise, our retirement programs will crowd out the investments we need for our children, and jeopardize the promise of a secure retirement for future generations.
是的，目前推動我們長期債務最大的推手是，養老醫療保障費用的增加。那些非常關心我們老年保健醫療體系的人必須接受適度的改革——否則，我們退休項目將會比我們對孩子們的投入更龐大，而且會使得未來幾代人的退休保障更加危險。

But we can’t ask senior citizens and working families to shoulder the entire burden of deficit reduction while asking nothing more from the wealthiest and the most powerful. (Applause.) We won’t grow the middle class simply by shifting the cost of health care or college onto families that are already struggling, or by forcing communities to lay off more teachers and more cops and more firefighters. Most Americans -- Democrats, Republicans, and independents -- understand that we can’t just cut our way to prosperity. They know that broad-based economic growth requires a balanced approach to deficit reduction, with spending cuts and revenue, and with everybody doing their fair share. And that’s the approach I offer tonight.
但是，我們不能讓老人和工薪家庭承擔削減赤字的重任的同時，不去向最富有的最有影響力的人征收更多的稅收。(掌聲)我們不會通過向那些已經在艱苦奮斗的家庭簡單地提升醫療保險經費或者大學學費抑或是強迫社區裁掉更多的老師、警察、消防員的方法以擴充我們的中產階級。大多數美國人——民主黨員們、共和黨員們、獨立人士——理解我們并不能削減掉我們通往繁榮的道路。他們知道，我們基礎廣泛的經濟增長，需要的是一個可以削減支出和稅收的每一個人都各司其職的平衡的途徑以抵達赤字削減的目標。這就是今晚我要提出的方案。

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