中央軍委委員、中國人民解放軍海軍司令員吳勝利在中國收復西沙群島70周年紀念活動上的主旨發(fā)言（中英對照版）

在中國收復西南沙群島70周年紀念活動上的主旨發(fā)言

Keynote Speech at the Commemoration of the 70th Anniversary of China’s Recovery of the Xisha and Nansha Islands

中央軍委委員、中國人民解放軍海軍司令員  吳勝利

Wu Shengli, Member of the Central Military Commission, Commander of Chinese PLA Navy

2016年12月8日

December 8, 2016

女士們、先生們，同志們、朋友們：

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Comrades and Friends,

今天我們舉行中國收復西南沙群島70周年紀念活動，共同銘記歷史、啟迪現實，珍惜和平、展望未來。

Today, we get together at the Commemoration of the 70th Anniversary of China’s Recovery of the Xisha and Nansha Islands to review the history, enlighten the present, cherish peace, and look forward into the future.

世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭和中國人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭取得偉大勝利后，根據《開羅宣言》和《波茨坦公告》，1946年11-12月，中國派出“太平”“永興”“中建”“中業(yè)”4艘軍艦，在指揮官林遵海軍上校的率領下，與政府接收專員和相關專業(yè)人員，收復了被日本軍國主義侵占的西南沙群島并隆重舉行儀式，向全世界莊嚴宣告，中國對西南沙群島恢復行使主權。這一重大歷史事件，世界共同見證，國人永遠銘記。在這里，我代表中國人民解放軍海軍全體官兵，向為收復西南沙群島做出重大歷史貢獻的民族先輩表示崇高敬意！向長期以來尊重中國政府主張、致力維護南海和平發(fā)展的國內外友人表示衷心感謝！向與會的各位來賓表示熱烈歡迎！

After the great victory of the World Anti-Fascist War and the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, in accordance with the Cairo Declaration and the Potsdam Proclamation, from November to December 1946, China dispatched four warships, Taiping, Yongxing, Zhongjian and Zhongye, under the command of Capt. Lin Zun, with government representatives and specialists on board, recovered the Xisha and Nansha Islands, which had been invaded by Japanese militarists, and held a solemn ceremony to proclaim that China resumed sovereignty over the Xisha and Nansha Islands. This event of great historical significance was witnessed by the whole world and remembered by the Chinese people forever. Here, on behalf of all the officers and sailors of the PLA Navy, I would like to pay high tribute to our nation’s forerunners who have made great historical contributions to the recovery of the Xisha and Nansha Islands, express our heartfelt gratitude to friends at home and overseas who always respect the claims of the Chinese government and concentrate their efforts on the peaceful development in the South China Sea, and extend our warm welcome to all the guests attending the commemoration.

收復西南沙群島是中國對固有領土的有效規(guī)復。西南沙群島自古以來就是中國領土。早在公元前2世紀的漢代，中國人民就憑借先進的造船和航海技術在南海航行，發(fā)現并命名了西沙、南沙群島。公元4-8世紀的隋唐時期，中國人民在西南沙群島捕魚采貝，大量歷史古籍詳細記載了南海島礁的地貌特征，生動描述了他們的生產生活，考古也發(fā)現了他們的居住遺址和生活用具。1000多年前的宋代，中國就對西南沙群島設吏管轄，派遣水師巡視南海。600多年前的明代，中國將西南沙群島劃歸廣東省瓊州府管轄，海南漁民世代相傳的《更路簿》，記錄了他們在西南沙群島蓋房建廟、挖井汲水、墾荒種植、耕海牧漁。1868年英國海軍部出版的《中國海指南》，也細致描述了中國海南漁民在南沙群島的生產生活情況。直至清末的1909年，廣東水師提督李準還率艦巡海登島。歷史表明，中國開發(fā)利用和管轄西南沙群島的脈絡清晰、鐵證如山，主權歸屬無可爭辯、毋庸置疑。

The recovery of the Xisha and Nansha Islands is the effective restoration of China’s inherent territory. The Xisha and Nansha Islands have been China’s territory since ancient times. As early as in Han Dynasty, in the 2nd century B.C., depending on advanced shipbuilding and navigation technologies, Chinese people sailed in the South China Sea, discovered and named the Xisha and Nansha Islands. In Sui Dynasty and Tang Dynasty, from the 4th century to the 8th century A.D., the Chinese people went fishing around the Xisha and Nansha Islands. Large amount of historical documents record in details the topographical features of the islands and reefs in the South China Sea, and have vivid description of these people’s production and living. Archaeological studies also have discovered inhabiting relics and living tools of them. In Song Dynasty, more than 1000 years ago, China already established administration on the Xisha and Nansha Islands, sent officials to perform administrative duty, and dispatched naval ships to patrol the South China Sea. In Ming Dynasty, more than 600 years ago, China authorized Qiongzhou of Guangdong province to administrate the Xisha and Nansha Islands. The Geng Lu Bu (The Manual of Sea Routes), passed on by Chinese fishermen from generation to generation, records their activities on the Xisha and Nansha Islands, such as building houses and temples, digging wells, farming and fishing. The China Sea Directory, published by the British Admiralty in 1868 depicts in details the production and living of Chinese fishermen on Nansha Islands. Even in 1909 of late Qing Dynasty, Li Zhun, the Commander of the Guangdong Fleet, led naval vessels to patrol the sea and land the islands. The historical records give hard evidence of China’s development and administration of the Xisha and Nansha Islands, and China’s sovereignty over these islands is indisputable.

收復西南沙群島是中國反侵略戰(zhàn)爭勝利的重要成果。近代中國積貧積弱、任人宰割。據統(tǒng)計，鴉片戰(zhàn)爭后的100多年間，列強先后從海上入侵多達480余次，規(guī)模較大的就有84次。國家有海無防，人民生靈涂炭，民族危在旦夕。在西南沙，1933年法國制造了“九小島事件”占我島礁（南沙太平、南威、中業(yè)、鴻麻、南鑰、南子、北子、西月島和安波沙洲）；日本發(fā)動全面侵華戰(zhàn)爭后，于1939年3月相繼侵占了西南沙部分島嶼。至今，西沙珊瑚島、永興島上仍存有法、日非法侵占時期修建的炮樓和房屋。收復西南沙群島，既是捍衛(wèi)中華民族尊嚴、行使國家領土主權的勝利之舉，也是維護正義、保衛(wèi)和平的勝利之舉；既是中國反侵略戰(zhàn)爭勝利的重要成果，也是世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭勝利的重要成果。自古以來，和平穩(wěn)定就是人類的美好夙愿和共同追求。他人之財不可取、別國之地不可占，任何侵略行徑必定失敗。中國政府、人民和軍隊有決心有能力捍衛(wèi)國家主權安全，維護南海和平穩(wěn)定。

The recovery of the Xisha and Nansha Islands is the major achievement during the anti-aggression war in China. China in modern history, as poor and weak, was bullied by big powers. Statistics show that, for over 100 years after the Opium War, the big powers had invaded China from the sea for more than 480 times, 84 of which were in large scale. As China lacked effective maritime defense, these invasions wreaked havoc on Chinese people and left the nation at stake. In 1933, France plotted the “Nine Isles Incident” and plundered these isles. Then Japan launched the full-scale invasion of China and illegally seized some of the Xisha and Nansha Islands successively in March, 1939. Till now, on the Shanhu Island and Yongxing Island still stand blockhouses and buildings of the French and Japanese invaders. The recovery of the Xisha and Nansha Islands is a victorious act of China to defend national dignity, exercise territorial sovereignty, and uphold justice and peace. It is the major achievement of the victory of China’s Anti-Aggression War and the World Anti-Fascist War. Since ancient times, peace and stability have been the long-cherished wish and common goal of mankind. The wealth of others should not be coveted and the territory of other country should not be occupied. Any aggression is doomed to fail. The Chinese government, the Chinese people and the PLA are determined and capable to safeguard the national sovereignty and security and maintain peace and stability in the South China Sea.

收復西南沙群島是中國對戰(zhàn)后國際秩序的堅定維護。《開羅宣言》《波茨坦公告》和《聯(lián)合國憲章》，是戰(zhàn)后國際秩序的基石，是維護和平正義的準則。1943年12月中、美、英三國發(fā)表的《開羅宣言》，明確要求日本必須將所竊取的一切中國領土歸還中國。1945年7月中、美、英三國發(fā)表的《波茨坦公告》，明確提出開羅宣言之條件必須實施。1945年9月2日在美國“密蘇里”號戰(zhàn)列艦上，日本簽署了《無條件投降書》。隨后，中國在南京接受了侵華日軍投降，在海南島接受了侵占西南沙群島的日軍投降。這些都是中國按照戰(zhàn)后秩序收復西南沙群島主權的直接證據。戰(zhàn)后國際秩序是世界反法西斯力量共同構建的，是國際公平正義的體現、人類文明進步的象征。撫今追昔，任何國際組織、任何國家政府、任何人都有責任、有義務維護好戰(zhàn)后國際秩序，這也是對人類社會和平發(fā)展的最大堅守。

The recovery of the Xisha and Nansha Islands is China’s firm maintenance of the postwar international order. The Cairo Declaration, the Potsdam Proclamation, and the UN Charter are the cornerstone of the postwar international order and the principles for maintaining peace and justice. The Cairo Declaration, issued by China, the United States, and the United Kingdom in December 1943, clearly demanded Japan to return all the territory illegally seized from China. The Potsdam Proclamation, issued by China, the United States, and the United Kingdom, prescribed that the terms of the Cairo Declaration must be implemented. On September 2, 1945, Japan signed the Japanese Instrument of Surrender onboard USS Missouri. Thereafter, China accepted the surrender of Japanese invasion forces in Nanjing, and the surrender of Japanese forces occupying the Xisha and Nansha Islands on Hainan Island. These are all direct proof of China’s resumption of sovereignty over the Xisha and Nansha Islands by following the postwar order. The postwar international order was jointly established by the world anti-fascist forces, which demonstrated international justice and represented progress of human civilization. Whether in the past or at present, any international organization, government, or people, is obliged and responsible to maintain the postwar international order. It is also the utmost effort to safeguard the peace and development of human community.

收復西南沙群島是中國捍衛(wèi)南海主權權益的國家宣示。中國收復西南沙群島后，隨即派兵駐守、設立管理機構、開展護漁護航，實施島礁精準測量和重新命名，在中國官方標準地圖上標注島礁位置，同步劃設南海斷續(xù)線，通過政府文告向全世界公布。這些都是中國宣示主權、行使管轄的具體體現，得到了國際社會的廣泛承認，并體現在多國政府發(fā)表的相關文獻和出版物中。國家權利根植于國家實踐，在國家宣示中不斷確認和鞏固。中國收復西南沙群島后采取的一系列行動和舉措，構成了中國南海領土主權和海洋權益的堅實法理基礎，必須得到切實尊重和有效維護。

The recovery of Xisha and Nansha Islands is China’s national declaration of safeguarding the sovereign rights and interests in the South China Sea. Soon after the recovery of Xisha and Nansha Islands, China sent troops to the islands, established administrative organizations, and started fishery and convoy protection. China also conducted precise survey and renaming of the islands and reefs, marked their locations on officially issued standard maps, meanwhile drew the dotted line in the South China Sea, and promulgated them through government documents to the whole world. These were the specific measures of China to claim sovereignty and exercise jurisdiction, which was widely recognized by the international community and can be found in relevant government documents and publications of multiple countries. National rights are rooted in national practice, and are constantly reaffirmed and reinforced through national declaration. The actions and measures taken by China after the recovery of the Xisha and Nansha Islands have laid a solid nomological foundation for her territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea, which must be respected and safeguarded effectively.

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