在雅思寫作考試中，大作文考的是議論文，就是考察考生是否能夠在相對(duì)較短的時(shí)間內(nèi)搜集論據(jù)，具體地論證自己的觀點(diǎn)。另外，雅思寫作大作文的話題范圍非常廣泛，大到政府社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、科技，小到工作、教育等話題都會(huì)考到。這對(duì)于長(zhǎng)期只接受國(guó)內(nèi)應(yīng)試教育的考生來說，是有一定的困難，很多時(shí)候只看個(gè)題目都會(huì)覺得無從下筆，因而很多中國(guó)考生的論文空洞，缺乏說服力，那么雅思寫作應(yīng)該如何論證呢？

很多中國(guó)考生在應(yīng)對(duì)雅思作文時(shí)喜歡通過講道理來說明問題，但話題中并不是所有題目和內(nèi)容都可以通過道理來說服他人的，比如關(guān)于“anti-social behavior”， 屬于道德范疇的話題，是很難用道理來講清楚的。所以，建議考生在備考時(shí)需要加強(qiáng)論據(jù)論證的能力，使其能夠很好地支持自己的觀點(diǎn)。

先來看下小站名師的一篇關(guān)于“anti-social behavior"的范文，大家可以借鑒下他的觀點(diǎn)提出和地道的表達(dá)

Task 2 題目：Today there is a great increase in anti-social behaviors and lack of respect to others. What are the causes of this? Who should take responsibility for dealing with it? (選自 2011 年 01 月 22 日雅思寫作機(jī)經(jīng))
Write at least 250 words
小站雅思頻道B 老師范文：
With the development of modern society, there seems to be an irresistible uprising momentum of anti-social behaviors and lacking in respect between people. Various causes may lead to this increasingly prevailing phenomenon. From my personal perspectives, I tend to attribute this tendency to the morbid social conduct, the gap between the rich and the poor and the fiasco of school education.
開頭叁排比提出自己的觀點(diǎn)：病態(tài)的社會(huì)風(fēng)氣、貧富差距、學(xué)校教育的失敗是原因，定義為五段論的基調(diào)，堅(jiān)持五段論是高分作文最起碼的結(jié)構(gòu)!!!
The surroundings somewhat influence the behaviors of people due to the conformity mentality among us. A healthy social conduct will guide people, on the contrary, an unhealthy society can destroy the very good nature of people. Take an example of the terrorist attack in Norway 2011, which caused 77 innocent civilians’ lives. If there were a more harmonious social conduct to give more sense of belonging to that pervert killer, the tragedy could be prevented.
無比貼切的例子的使用，挪威變態(tài)殺手的恐怖襲擊，完全西方化的思維。
The widening gap between the wealthy and the poor also triggered the psychology of hatred of those so-called “borderline men”. The enlarging social stratification and the growing income gap between the white-collars and manual workers stir the mental imbalance as well as the call on unfairness among the people with humble birth. Spontaneously, the rich became more and more disrespectful to the poor which eventually awakened the wrath of them.
關(guān)鍵詞乃“社會(huì)邊緣人”，圍繞這個(gè)中心詞展開，究其塬因乃貧富差距之大之可憎!!!
The school education is the last to be condemned. Were there more skillful and patient guidance of how to cultivate a complete and sound personality, to some extent, there won’t be that many extremists and borderline people .The formation of individual’s property and character molded during juvenile years, especially, adolescence, which, if slightly twisted, could affect a person’s later on life pattern and personality. That’s where a good or bad education makes difference.
譴責(zé)學(xué)習(xí)教育，沒有注重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生健全人格!!
In summary, if only we could generate a healthier social conduct, if only the gap between the rich and the poor could be narrowed, if only the quality of school education could be bettered, the anti-social behaviors will be eliminated greatly and the society of mutual-respect will rise up again.

詞匯句型
與話題相關(guān)的詞匯
Modern society 當(dāng)代社會(huì)
Social conduct 社會(huì)風(fēng)氣
Social status 社會(huì)地位
Disrespectful to… 對(duì)..不尊重的
School education 學(xué)校教育
Extremist極端主義者
Borderline man/person社會(huì)邊緣人物

高分詞匯、詞組
Twisted 扭曲的
Morbid 病態(tài)的
Fiasco大失敗
Trigger扣動(dòng)扳機(jī)，激發(fā)
Stir激起，喚起
Condemn譴責(zé)
Juvenile years 青少年時(shí)代
Adolescence青春期
Mutual-respect 互相尊重
Conformity mentality 從眾心理
The psychology of hatred仇富心理
social stratification社會(huì)分層（乃高階社會(huì)學(xué)單詞）
Manual worker 體力勞動(dòng)者
Mental imbalance 心理不平衡
Humble birth出生貧寒的，地位粗鄙的
Complete and sound personality 完整健全的人格
Mould(英) Mold(美)用模子做，陶冶，形成
The widening gap 日益拉大的趨勢(shì)
an irresistible momentum 一種不可逆的趨勢(shì)
An Increasingly prevailing phenomenon 一個(gè)逐漸普遍的趨勢(shì)

高分句型
1. With the development of modern society, there seems to be an irresistible uprising momentum of anti-social behaviors and lacking
in respect between people.（一種不可逆的上升趨勢(shì)，開頭就像轟炸機(jī)一下給你當(dāng)頭一棒，起評(píng)分就定位在 7 分以上了）
2. A healthy social conduct will guide people, on the contrary, an unhealthy society can destroy the very good nature of people.（B 老師我名人名言一般的高度精煉語言組織，這種語言出來基本肯定是 8+的分?jǐn)?shù)了）
3. If there were a more harmonious social conduct to give more sense of belonging to that pervert killer, the tragedy could be prevented.
（緊接著一句虛擬語氣，繼續(xù)轟炸你的閱讀神經(jīng)）
4. The enlarging social stratification and the growing income gap between the white-collars and manual workers stir the mental imbalance as well as the call on unfairness among the people with
humble birth.（不管是無比高大上的 social stratification 還是小詞 stir 和 call on 的使用，都讓這句話看上去像是從哪本社會(huì)性書上抄的，所以考官看到這里已經(jīng)在 8.5 和 9 分之間徘徊、猶豫了）
5. The formation of individual’s property and character molded during juvenile years, especially, adolescence, which, if slightly twisted,
could affect a person’s later on life pattern and personality.（連續(xù)的逗號(hào)使用，就是不出現(xiàn)句號(hào)，再加上賓語從句，合情合理，句子結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，考官終于忍不住給 9 分了！！！）

讓我們來舉個(gè)例子，如下面關(guān)于“work at home or study at home”的一段例證：

IBM, one of the business giants, has saved nearly 70 million US dollars in its northeastern region by promoting telecommuting, which has been a driving force to other enterprises to convert their normal working staff into telecommuters. Companies in Japan are one of them and plan to launch the scheme in 2009, which, in turn, spiritually wins more supports from the existing employees, and attracts new hires. 這段話中的2個(gè)例子(商業(yè)巨頭IBM和日本的企業(yè)計(jì)劃)都較好地完成了“若員工選擇在家上班，會(huì)對(duì)公司帶來積極的作用”這一證明。

此外，提醒考生們需要注意的是，雅思大作文明確指出“give reasons or examples from your own experience”， 這里的“your own experience”和“your personal experience”是完全不同的概念。前者是指通過個(gè)人的學(xué)習(xí)和總結(jié)而獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，后者是指?jìng)€(gè)人經(jīng)歷或周圍某個(gè)個(gè)體的故事。如談到“working hard produces better results”， “your own experience”的例子一定是“some 3-year-high school students usually stay up late to review lessons and prepare for next day classes”， 而“your personal experience”的例子則應(yīng)該是“my roommate, Tony has always been working hard on studies and staying up late every night”， 不難看出兩者的區(qū)別。

此外，數(shù)據(jù)論證也是一個(gè)重要的方法，同時(shí)也是國(guó)外文章中非常常見的。使用這種方式，需要注意兩點(diǎn)：數(shù)據(jù)和數(shù)據(jù)的來源。數(shù)據(jù)的真實(shí)性不重要，但至少要看上去是“真實(shí)的”。小站雅思老師建議，使用數(shù)據(jù)論證，提醒考生們不要刻意將數(shù)據(jù)夸張，這樣反而會(huì)降低數(shù)據(jù)的真實(shí)可靠性。常見的句型有“a survey by….shows that / a research by….finds out that / a study by….suggests that / Statistics by….conclude that…”省略號(hào)的部分是需要根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容來填寫的數(shù)據(jù)來源出處或機(jī)構(gòu)。

小站提醒：常用的機(jī)構(gòu)包括：國(guó)外大學(xué)、學(xué)院、報(bào)紙、雜志、電視臺(tái)、之聲、網(wǎng)站、研究機(jī)構(gòu)、民意調(diào)查等。我們按順序給大家做一個(gè)示范：the University of Sussex, Business College of several European countries, the USATODAY, state media CNN, BBC Talking Point, Childwise.com, American Institute for Research, Harris Interactive Poll等，考生可按照自己的情況，來準(zhǔn)備幾個(gè)備選方案以供使用。

以上就是小站老師總結(jié)的關(guān)于雅思寫作考試幾種論證方法，希望考生們能夠借此學(xué)習(xí)，應(yīng)該如何充分論證。

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