托福獨立寫作是托福寫作單項的第二個任務(wù)，通常要求考生對給定話題論點給出支持或反對的理由，或者是要求考生從可選范疇中選擇自己認(rèn)為比較合理或最佳選擇，然后通過說理或事實舉例證明自己的觀點或選擇是有說服力的。公共事務(wù)類是托福獨立寫作比較常見的一個考察話題領(lǐng)域，這類話題需要我們結(jié)合日常生活體驗進(jìn)行思維發(fā)散，同時參考一些高分范文。

Government should support scientific research even if the research does not have any practical use.

Scientific research can be divided into two types: basic and applied. The purpose of basic research is to yield knowledge, while the purpose of applied research is to yield something with practical value. It may be tempting to argue that governments should only fund applied research—it is the intuitively "practical" choice—but this would be a bad idea.

開頭段作者直接給出觀點：認(rèn)為只支持有實際用處的研究不是一個好選擇。

First, applied research rests upon the foundation erected by basic research. All of the knowledge and techniques used in applied research have their origins in basic research. All of the work going into understanding the larger universe, for example, currently has very little practical application—why do we need to know about celestial bodies and the like when it might be centuries before we ever travel to them? But when humankind finally devises the means to send those first interstellar explorers off into the stars, it'll be thanks to the centuries of basic research that came before. The needs of the future are difficult to forecast. Therefore we cannot rule out scientific undertakings which have no immediate practical value.

Second, even if the results of basic research are not immediately applicable, we can at least examine how the research is conducted to hone our methodologies. That way, when scientists are conducting applied research that utilizes related concepts or methods, there will be some previous record or procedure to refer to. At the very least, the techniques pioneered in basic research should be transferrable to applied research. For example, say in the course of basic research on a certain chemical compound it is shown that they can be synthesized more efficiently using X method. The compound itself may be relatively valueless, but scientists doing applied research may look at how this more efficient process was arrived at and formalize a way to find cheaper solutions to synthesizing commercial chemicals.

It is true that the government could be spending their money on research with more immediate practical benefits—its duty is, after all, ultimately to foster the wellbeing of its citizens, and practical research can aid in that endeavor in more concrete ways. But if the government foregoes supporting knowledge for the sake of knowledge, then who will pick up the slack? Applied research can lean on private funding, because it is by its very nature a commercial undertaking. But basic research? Aside from foundations and wealthy philanthropists with a predilection for science, there would be nobody to support the march of scientific progress. As human beings we are more than just creatures of comfort—we are also knowers, and so furthering our understanding of the world should also fall under the rubric of government responsibility.

中間三段主體段，作者分別從不同的角度對自己的觀點展開論述。

We cannot know where a particular line of inquiry will take us before we have arrived—otherwise, the act of inquiring would be pointless. Thus governments should at least fund basic research "just in case" a useful discovery is made. We also do not have to arrive at a useful destination to benefit from the inquisitive journey—the actual process of investigating might teach us as much as the answer we finally stumble upon. This is another reason funding for basic research should be dismissed out of hand. And last but not least, the pursuit of knowledge is a fundamentally human endeavor. The government should support if it seeks to aid in the flourishing of its citizens, because few others will step up to fill that role.

最后一段點題，首尾呼應(yīng)，也是對前文具體論據(jù)的進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)。

托福獨立寫作的考察模式對考生的觀點闡述邏輯性提出了比較高的要求，在備考托福獨立寫作的過程中我們需要多參考優(yōu)秀范文的寫作思路、行文邏輯，并注意提煉其中亮眼表達(dá)，在自身練習(xí)過程中進(jìn)行仿寫，融會貫通實現(xiàn)托福寫作水平的飛躍。

更多 托福范文、托福考試寫作學(xué)習(xí)資料，請繼續(xù)關(guān)注 英語作文大全