山坡上的窩棚
The Dugout in the Side of a Hill
When the pioneers began their conquest of the western prairie, they found materials for building shelters close at hand.Where timber was availabls, the settlers sometimes built log houses.Most prairie homes, however, were either sodhouses or dugouts.These houses could be built quickly and easily.
The dugout was a room dug in the side of a hill.A few railsor posts were used to make a door frame and, possibly, a window.The front wall was made of pieces of sod or logs.Sloping back onto the hill was a roof made of poles or logs covered with a layer of brush, a layer of prairie grass, and a layer of dirt.
As soon as a covered wagon halted at a new homestead, the head of the family took out his spade.The family lived in the wagon for the few days that it took him to build a dugout.
山坡上的窩棚
開拓者們開始征服（美國）西部大草原時，發現建造住所的材料近在咫尺。在有木料的地方，定居者們有時就建起了木房子。然而大多數草原上的住所，不是草皮屋便是山坡上挖成的窩棚。這些房子造起來快，又不費事。
這種窩棚是在小山坡上挖成的一間屋子，用幾根欄木或柱子搭一個門框，可能的話，再搭一個窗戶。前面的墻則用草泥塊或木頭砌成。屋頂朝后傾斜，靠在小山上，用柱子或木頭建造，上面蓋一層柴枝、一層草原上的草和一層污泥。
一旦一輛有篷馬車在一塊新宅地上停下來，一家之長便拿出鏟子。在他建造窩棚的那幾天里，全家人便都住在車上。
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