59. Shoulder the Responsibility of Being a Writer

59. 肩負起作為一名作家的責任

Our tragedy today is a general and universal physical fear so long sustained by now that we can even bear it. There are no longer problems of the spirit. There is only the question: When will I be blown up? Because of this, the young man or women writing today has forgotten the problems of the human heart in conflict with itself which alone can make good writing because only that is worth writing about, worth the agony and the sweat.

當今人們普遍存在著一種生理上的恐懼，這種恐懼由來已久，以致我們都已經習慣了。現在不存在精神上的問題，惟一的問題是——我什么時候會爆炸？正因如此，今天從事寫作的男女青年已經忘記了人類內心的沖突，而這種沖突恰恰是創作的源泉，因為這是惟一值得寫、值得嘔心瀝血地去寫的題材。

He must learn them again. He must teach himself that the basest of all things is to be afraid; and, teaching himself that, forget it forever, leaving no room in his workshop for anything but the old verities and truths of the heart, the old universal truths lacking which any story is ephemeral and doomed——love and honor and pity and pride and compassion and sacrifice. Until he does so, he labors under a curse. He writes not of love but of lust, of defeats in which nobody loses anything of value, of victories without hope and, worst of all, without pity or compassion. His grieves grieve on no universal bones, leaving no scars. He writes the glands.

創作者必須重新學會這一切；必須教會自己認識到一切事物的本質是恐懼；教會自己學會忘記一切恐懼；在自己的創作空間里不給其他東西留任何空間，惟一擁有的是心靈的真諦。世界上放之四海而皆準的真理是：任何創作一旦缺乏愛，榮譽，同情，自豪，憐憫和犧牲都將是短暫的，是注定要失敗的。如果創作者不能做到這一點，那么就永遠無法寫出佳作。他不是寫愛情而是寫情欲，他寫的失敗是不會被認為可貴的，他寫的勝利是沒有希望的，甚至是沒有憐憫和缺乏同情的。因為他的悲傷不是出自世上生靈，不是發自內心，所以留下不深刻的痕跡。

Until he relearns these things, he will write as though he stood among and watched the end of man. I decline to accept the end of man. It is easy enough to say that man is immortal simply because he will endure: that when the last ding-dong of doom has clanged and faded from the last worthless rock hanging tideless in the last red and dying evening, that even then there will still be one more sound: that of his puny inexhaustible voice, still talking. I refuse to accept this. I believe that man will not merely endure: he will prevail. He is immortal, not because he has a soul, a spirit capable of compassion and sacrifice and endurance.

只有懂得這些，他才能創作——仿佛身臨其境般地去創作世人所關注的人類的最終結局。我拒絕接受人類的終結。我們有足夠的理由相信——人類是永但的，是世代相傳的。因為人類懂得承受。當最終的結局在那個血色的死亡夜晚從最后的那個毫無價值的高懸不動的巨石上鳴叫遠去時，一定還有另外一種微弱的，無窮盡的聲音在述說。我拒絕接受這一觀點。我相信人類不只是承受，人類將會戰勝一切。人類是永怪的，不是因為在大自然所創造的所有生靈中只有人類擁有不竭的聲音，而是因為人類擁有心靈——一種讓人能憐憫，能犧牲，能承受的精神。

The poet, the writer's, duty is to write about these things. It is his privilege to help man endure by lifting his heart, by reminding him of the courage and honor and hope and pride and compassion and pity and sacrifice which have been the glory of his past. The poet's voice need not merely be the record of man, it can be one of the props, the pillars to help him endure and prevail.
 

詩人和作家的責任在于抒寫這些東西。他們的榮譽在于通過完善人類的心靈，提醒人類要擁有勇氣，要有榮譽感，要擁有希望，要有自豪感，要有憐憫心，同情心和犧牲精神——這一切優秀品質是人類過去歷程的光榮。詩人的吶喊不只是記錄人類的歷史，詩人的吶喊應該是一根擎夭大柱，幫助人類去承受，去戰勝。

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