聯合國教科文組織總干事博科娃在2017年世界新聞自由日上的致辭。（中英對照）

Critical Minds for Critical Times – this is the theme of the 2017 World Press Freedom Day.

大變局時代需要批判性精神，這是2017年世界新聞自由日的主題。

“Only the independence, the character, the objectivity and the good judgment of the journalist and the media can overcome the terrible storms of the new world that threaten freedom of information everywhere.”

“只有記者和媒體獨立客觀、仗義執言且秉持公正判斷，才能戰勝威脅著世界各地信息自由的可怕風暴。”

Guillermo Cano Isaza, a Colombian journalist assassinated in 1986, wrote these words two years prior to his death and they continue to resonate today, 33 years later, as we celebrate World Press Freedom Day and the 20th anniversary of the UNESCO/Guillermo Cano World Press Freedom Prize.

1986年被謀殺的哥倫比亞記者吉列爾莫·卡諾·伊薩薩在他遇難兩年前說過的這段話，隨著我們慶祝世界新聞自由日和教科文組織/吉列爾莫·卡諾世界新聞自由獎二十周年，在33年后的今天，繼續在人們心中引起共鳴。

Facing a crisis of audience identity, journalism stands before a horizon where old challenges are merging with new threats. The media business is being shaken to the core with the rise of digital networks and social media. Citizen journalists are redrawing the boundaries of journalism. Media accountability and credibility are falling under question. Online, the lines are blurring between advertising and editorial material, and we see private actors rising as key intermediaries, accompanied by new forms of ‘private censorship.’ These challenges merge with deeper transformations affecting societies. The Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year for 2016 is “post-truth.” Combined with the concept of “fake news,” questions are rising that go the heart of free, independent and professional journalism.

面對受眾身份的危機，新聞業面臨著舊挑戰和新威脅交織的局面。數字網絡和社交媒體的興起，沖擊著媒體業務的核心。公民記者正在為新聞業重新劃界。媒體的責任和信譽受到質疑。網絡上，營銷廣告和編輯材料間的界線模糊不清。私人行為者作為重要的中介崛起，與之相伴的是新形式的“私人審查”。這種種挑戰，又與更深層次的社會變革密不可分。牛津詞典選擇“后真相”為2016年年度詞匯，結合“假新聞”這樣的概念看，諸多新問題觸及到 自由、獨立和專業新聞的核心。

All this comes at a time when free, independent and pluralistic media has never been so important to empower individual women and men, strengthen good governance and the rule of law, and take forward the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development – specifically, Sustainable Development Goal 16, to build just, peaceful and inclusive societies. The media must not only be a source of reliable information – it should provide a platform for a multitude of voices and mobilise new forces for tolerance and dialogue.

這一切所發生的時代，正值自由、獨立和多元化媒體發揮著前所未有的作用，致力于增強每一個男女的權能，加強善治與法治，并推進《2030年可持續發展議程》，特別是可持續發展目標16：建設公正、和平與包容的社會。媒體不僅要做到成為可靠信息的來源，還要為多方面的聲音提供一個平臺，為寬容與對話凝聚新的力量。

The stakes are clear. We need original, critical and well-researched journalism, guided by high professional, ethical standards and a quality media education – combined with audiences that have the right media and information literacy skills.

事關重大。我們需要具有獨創性、批判性和深度調研的新聞報道，以高度的專業標準和倫理標準為指導，以高質量的媒體教育為依托，同時也需要具有適當媒體和信息素養技能的受眾。

UNESCO is leading this work across the world, starting by standing up for the safety of journalists. Far too often, murder remains the most tragic form of censorship – 102 journalists paid the ultimate price in 2016. This is unacceptable and weakens societies as a whole. This is why UNESCO is spearheading the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity with partners around the globe.

教科文組織正在世界各地領導著這項工作，首先從加強記者安全開始。太多的時候，記者被謀殺仍然是最具悲劇性的新聞審查形式，102 名記者在2016年付出了生命代價。這是不可接受的，它削弱了我們整個社會。正因如此，教科文組織正發揮著領導作用，與全球伙伴一起，致力于實施《聯合國關于記者安全和有罪不罰問題的行動計劃》。

Critical times call for critical minds. Today, I call on everyone to sharpen their minds to defend the freedoms that are essential for justice and peace – this is UNESCO’s message for the 2017 World Press Freedom Day.

大變局時代呼喚批判性精神。今天，我呼吁大家提高對捍衛自由的認識，因為自由對于正義與和平來說至關重要——這就是教科文組織在2017年世界新聞自由日所要傳遞的訊息。

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