汪洋副總理在中美工商界午餐會(huì)上發(fā)表的主旨演講（中英對(duì)照版）

攜手共進(jìn)，迎接中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的美好春天

Work Together to Embrace the Bright Future of China-US Business Cooperation

——在中美工商界午餐會(huì)上的主旨演講

– Keynote Speech at the China-US Business Luncheon

中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院副總理  汪洋

H.E. Wang Yang, Vice Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China

2016年11月22日

22 November 2016

尊敬的普里茨克部長(zhǎng)，弗羅曼大使，各位工商界朋友，女士們，先生們：

The Honorable Secretary Pritzker,

Ambassador Froman,

Friends from the business community,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

感謝美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)、美國(guó)州長(zhǎng)協(xié)會(huì)的盛情邀請(qǐng)，使我有機(jī)會(huì)在商貿(mào)聯(lián)委會(huì)期間與兩國(guó)工商界朋友齊聚一堂。也感謝你們給我安排這樣一個(gè)演講的機(jī)會(huì)，讓我能為中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作和中國(guó)投資環(huán)境做個(gè)廣告。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，在座各位為中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系發(fā)展做出過(guò)重要貢獻(xiàn)，我謹(jǐn)代表中國(guó)政府，向大家致以崇高敬意！

Thank you to the China General Chamber of Commerce – USA and the National Governors Association for the warm hospitality and the chance to meet friends from the business communities of both countries during this session of Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade (JCCT). I also want to thank you for giving me this speaking opportunity so that I can make some advertising for China-US trade and economic cooperation as well as China’s investment environment. On behalf of the Chinese government, I would like to pay high tribute to you all for your years of important contribution to China-US economic relations.

中美商貿(mào)聯(lián)委會(huì)是一個(gè)有著30多年歷史的機(jī)制性安排，但每屆聯(lián)委會(huì)都有不同的背景和任務(wù)。本屆聯(lián)委會(huì)最大的背景，就是美國(guó)大選落下帷幕，特朗普先生當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)。現(xiàn)在大家都關(guān)心美國(guó)新一屆政府對(duì)華經(jīng)貿(mào)政策取向以及中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的前景。美國(guó)怎么做，我們拭目以待，預(yù)測(cè)是困難的，如同你們預(yù)測(cè)美國(guó)大選一樣。面對(duì)今天的高朋滿座，我最大的感慨是，雖然美國(guó)政府要換屆了，但美國(guó)工商界與中國(guó)開展經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的熱情沒(méi)有改變。如果以今天午餐會(huì)的盛況預(yù)測(cè)中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的態(tài)勢(shì)，前景一定看好！

The JCCT is an over 30-years-old institutional arrangement, yet each session takes place with a different background and mission. The biggest background of this JCCT is the election of Mr. Trump as the new president. People are now all interested in the direction of the new US administration’s trade policy on China and the future of China-US business cooperation. As for what actions the US will take, we will wait and see. The presidential election told us making prediction is difficult. However, today’s large gathering gives me one strong impression, that is, although there will be a change of administration in the US, the passion of the US business community for cooperation with China remains unchanged. If today’s luncheon gives us a clue about China-US business cooperation, it is that we have every reason to be optimistic about its future.

中國(guó)現(xiàn)在是美國(guó)最大的貿(mào)易伙伴。2008－2015年，盡管全球貿(mào)易處在寒冬期，但中美貿(mào)易逆勢(shì)而上，年均增速超過(guò)7%。去年美國(guó)對(duì)華出口前四位的產(chǎn)品依次是飛機(jī)、大豆、汽車和集成電路。美國(guó)22%的棉花、26%的波音飛機(jī)、56%的大豆銷往中國(guó)，美國(guó)對(duì)華貨物和服務(wù)出口創(chuàng)造了近百萬(wàn)個(gè)就業(yè)崗位。中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)也有大量出口，而且是順差。不過(guò)要說(shuō)明的是，中國(guó)從美國(guó)進(jìn)口的不少是中國(guó)生產(chǎn)不了的高端產(chǎn)品，向美國(guó)出口的則大多是美國(guó)沒(méi)有比較優(yōu)勢(shì)也不生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品。中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)美投資迅猛發(fā)展，已遍及美國(guó)42個(gè)州，尤其是紐約、伊利諾伊、弗吉尼亞、馬薩諸塞、加利福尼亞等州，為美國(guó)創(chuàng)造了近10萬(wàn)個(gè)就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。總體上看，中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系具有很強(qiáng)的互補(bǔ)性，市場(chǎng)選擇已讓兩國(guó)形成了你中有我、我中有你、誰(shuí)也離不開誰(shuí)的利益格局。

China is the largest trading partner of the US. Despite the lackluster growth in global trade from 2008 to 2015, China-US trade defied the downward trend and recorded an average annual growth of over 7%. Last year, the top four US exports to China were airplane, soybean, automobile and integrated circuit. China imported 22% of US cotton, 26% of Bowing airplanes and 56% of US soybean. Exports of goods and services to China generated nearly 1 million jobs in the US. The US is also a big market for Chinese exports and in China-US trade, China is on the surplus side. But I want to stress that many of China’s imports from the US are high-end products which China cannot produce, and what we export to the US are mostly products which the US, with no comparative advantage, no longer produces. The investment of Chinese companies in the US has rapidly increased, now reaching 42 American states, including New York, Illinois, Virginia, Massachusetts and California. Chinese investment has generated some 100,000 job opportunities for America. Generally speaking, China-US economic relationship is highly complementary. The bond of the market has made us interconnected and indispensable to each other.

中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系越密切，分歧和摩擦也就越多。有時(shí)候你越在乎對(duì)方，可能就越容易吵架。如果不吵架了，那意味著對(duì)彼此失去了信心，離分手就不遠(yuǎn)了。其實(shí)工商界的朋友們對(duì)此可能體會(huì)更深，很多合作成果常常是吵出來(lái)的。積極面對(duì)分歧、有效化解分歧，正是中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作強(qiáng)勁的動(dòng)力。現(xiàn)在雙方已建立了眾多管控分歧的機(jī)制。在經(jīng)貿(mào)領(lǐng)域，不僅有商貿(mào)聯(lián)委會(huì)、戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話等老機(jī)制，去年還建立了經(jīng)濟(jì)事務(wù)定期通話的新機(jī)制。我和普里茨克部長(zhǎng)、弗羅曼大使、雅各布·盧財(cái)長(zhǎng)都保持著熱線聯(lián)系，討論的議題大到兩國(guó)重要經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域的體制機(jī)制，小到雙方具體產(chǎn)品的貿(mào)易。坦率地說(shuō)，溝通不能解決全部問(wèn)題，但增進(jìn)了互信，管控了分歧，為更多的合作創(chuàng)造了條件。

As our economic and trade ties grow closer, we also face growing differences and frictions. Sometimes, the more you care about the other side, the easier it is to get into quarrel. If there is no quarrel, it probably means a complete loss of faith in each other, and a breakup will not be far. In fact, since you are in the business world, you should know this better. Many cooperation deals were made after quarrels. As we face up to our differences and effectively resolve them, we find the strong driving force for China-US economic cooperation. Now we have a host of bilateral mechanisms for managing differences. In the economic and trade field, we not only have old mechanisms like the JCCT and the Strategic and Economic Dialogue (S&ED), but also the new arrangement of routine telephone communication on economic affairs initiated last year. I have maintained hotline communication with Secretary Pritzker, Ambassador Froman and Secretary Lew. The topics of our conversation ranged from big issues like institutions and mechanisms in important economic areas to small issues like trade of specific products. To be honest, communication can not solve all the problems, but it has enabled us to increase mutual trust and manage differences and created conditions for more cooperation.

作為全球最大的兩個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體，中美經(jīng)濟(jì)增勢(shì)良好，為兩國(guó)工商界的合作創(chuàng)造了廣泛的空間。預(yù)計(jì)未來(lái)5年，中國(guó)進(jìn)口總額將達(dá)到8萬(wàn)億美元，利用外資總額達(dá)到6000億美元，對(duì)外投資總額達(dá)到7500億美元，出境旅游達(dá)到7億人次，這必將為包括美國(guó)在內(nèi)的各國(guó)企業(yè)帶來(lái)巨大商機(jī)。為了自己，幫助別人，這是中國(guó)營(yíng)商文化的重要內(nèi)容。面對(duì)中國(guó)這樣一個(gè)巨大的成長(zhǎng)性市場(chǎng)，相信美國(guó)政府和企業(yè)也能夠做出正確的選擇。

China and the US, the two largest economies in the world, have both demonstrated strong momentum of growth, which has opened broad space for business cooperation. It is estimated that over the next five years, China will import US$8 trillion of goods, utilize US$600 billion of foreign investment, and make US$750 billion of outward investment. Outbound Chinese tourists are also expected to reach 700 million. All these mean enormous business opportunities for companies around the globe, including American companies. To help others is to help oneself. This is an important part of China’s business culture. I am confident that, seeing a big emerging market like China, American government and companies will make the right choice.

實(shí)際上，中美工商界已經(jīng)做出了選擇。上個(gè)月美中貿(mào)委會(huì)發(fā)布的《2016年中國(guó)商業(yè)環(huán)境調(diào)查報(bào)告》顯示，近3/4的受訪美資企業(yè)看好中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)前景，90%的企業(yè)在中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)盈利，近一半的企業(yè)表示要擴(kuò)大在華投資。今年前三季度，美國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)華投資增長(zhǎng)21.3%，中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)美非金融類直接投資增長(zhǎng)1.8倍，這些數(shù)據(jù)可能比任何政治家、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家對(duì)中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的解讀更有說(shuō)服力。一句話，中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作是市場(chǎng)行為，根本動(dòng)力在民間、在工商界。如果中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作出現(xiàn)大問(wèn)題，那不僅是對(duì)中美經(jīng)濟(jì)的破壞，更會(huì)增加全球經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇進(jìn)程的不確定性。作為兩個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任的大國(guó)，合作是唯一正確的選擇。

As a matter of fact, the Chinese and American business communities have already made their choice. The China Business Environment Survey published by the US-China Business Council last month shows that nearly three quarters of the American companies surveyed are optimistic about the growth prospect of the Chinese economy; 90% of the companies have made profits in China; and nearly half of the companies are ready to increase investment in China. In the first three quarters of this year, the investment of US companies in China was up by 21.3%, while the direct investment made by Chinese companies in the non-financial sectors of the US expanded by 1.8 folds. These figures may be more convincing than the interpretation of China-US economic relations by any politician or economist. In one word, China-US business cooperation is market driven, and its ultimate driving force comes from the people, from the business community. If China-US business cooperation gets into serious trouble, it will not only damage the two economies but also add to the uncertainties of global economic recovery. As two responsible major countries, we can only choose to cooperate.

女士們、先生們！

Ladies and Gentlemen,

大家都很關(guān)心中國(guó)對(duì)外開放的政策取向和營(yíng)商環(huán)境的變化。到底如何看待和評(píng)價(jià)？我想舉三個(gè)例子。

You are all keen to understand the direction of China’s opening-up policy and its evolving business environment. To help you make better assessment, let me share with you three examples.

第一個(gè)例子是關(guān)于開放。2012年中共召開十八大，2013年7月我們就決定接受以準(zhǔn)入前國(guó)民待遇加負(fù)面清單的模式與美國(guó)開展雙邊投資協(xié)定談判。緊接著又在上海設(shè)立了第一個(gè)自由貿(mào)易試驗(yàn)區(qū)，探索實(shí)行負(fù)面清單的外資管理制度。2013版“負(fù)面清單”有190條特別管理措施，2015版清單減少至122條，下降了36%。在中美投資協(xié)定談判最新負(fù)面清單出價(jià)中，中方在銀行、證券、保險(xiǎn)、電信、文化、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、汽車等美方關(guān)心的領(lǐng)域開放度都高于自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)。相信這樣的進(jìn)展足以表明，中國(guó)愿意讓市場(chǎng)越來(lái)越開放。

The first example is about opening-up. Not long after the 18th Communist Party of China (CPC) National Congress in 2012, we made the decision in July 2013 to conduct Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) negotiations with the US based on the model of pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list. And shortly thereafter we set up the first pilot free trade zone in Shanghai to explore the negative list-based foreign investment management system. The 190 special management measures of the 2013 negative list were cut down by 36% to 122 in the 2015 version. And in the latest revised offer to the US in BIT negotiations, we have promised opening-up measures that are more favorable than those in pilot free trade zones in the banking, securities, insurance, telecommunications, culture, the Internet, automobiles and other sectors that are of interest to the US. Such progress can well prove that China is ready to open its market ever wider.

第二個(gè)例子是關(guān)于知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)。2013年中國(guó)新一屆政府組建后，我們大力推進(jìn)簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)的機(jī)構(gòu)改革，許多國(guó)務(wù)院議事協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)構(gòu)都取消了，而打擊侵權(quán)假冒工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組保留了下來(lái)。三年多來(lái)，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組共召開12次會(huì)議，部署相關(guān)工作。有關(guān)部門累計(jì)組織開展150多次專項(xiàng)行動(dòng)，共查辦侵權(quán)假冒違法犯罪案件100多萬(wàn)件，判決7萬(wàn)多人。去年9月，中國(guó)公安部、海關(guān)總署分別獲得國(guó)際刑警組織頒發(fā)的“打擊侵權(quán)假冒杰出貢獻(xiàn)獎(jiǎng)”、“國(guó)際知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)犯罪調(diào)查合作獎(jiǎng)”。2013年11月召開的中共十八屆三中全會(huì)決定設(shè)立知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)法院。2014年第一家知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)法院就在北京掛牌成立，隨后擴(kuò)展至上海、廣東等地。到今年10月底，三家知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)法院共受理知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)侵權(quán)案件近3萬(wàn)件。其中，北京知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)法院受理涉外案件的比重超過(guò)20%。以此為證，中國(guó)營(yíng)商環(huán)境越來(lái)越規(guī)范。

The second example is about IPR protection. After taking office in 2013, the new Chinese government has worked hard to streamline administration and delegate powers. Even with the abolition of multiple coordination mechanisms under the State Council, the leading group on fighting infringements and counterfeiting has been retained. Over the past three years and more, the leading group met 12 times to plan for relevant work. Accordingly, competent authorities carried out over 150 targeted campaigns, investigated and handled over one million criminal cases, and sentenced over 70,000 people. In September last year, China’s Ministry of Public Security and General Administration of Customs received Interpol’s global anti-counterfeiting award and the award for international cooperation on the investigation of IPR crimes. Acting on the decision on the establishment of IPR courts taken at the third plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee in November 2013, we opened the first ever IPR court in Beijing in 2014, followed by two more in Shanghai and Guangdong. By the end of last October, the three courts had handled close to 30,000 IPR infringement cases. Over 20% of the cases tried at the Beijing court were foreign-related. This proves that China’s business environment has been better regulated.

第三個(gè)例子是關(guān)于透明度。去年3月，中國(guó)修訂后的立法法明確規(guī)定，法律草案應(yīng)向社會(huì)公開征求意見，時(shí)間不少于30日，征求意見的情況應(yīng)向社會(huì)通報(bào)。這是第一次將公開征求意見作為立法機(jī)關(guān)的法律義務(wù)，體現(xiàn)了中國(guó)在立法透明度方面的巨大進(jìn)步。事實(shí)上，無(wú)論是頒布網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全、境外非政府組織管理等法律法規(guī)，還是制訂藥品監(jiān)管、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新等政策，我們都充分聽取包括美國(guó)企業(yè)和相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)在內(nèi)的各方面意見，并吸納了其中合理的成份。美國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全法提出“關(guān)鍵信息基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施保護(hù)的范圍不夠明確”的意見，中國(guó)立法機(jī)構(gòu)予以采納，列出了具體行業(yè)。境外非政府組織境內(nèi)活動(dòng)管理法草案規(guī)定，境外非政府組織只允許在中國(guó)設(shè)立一個(gè)代表機(jī)構(gòu)，但最終頒布的法律取消了數(shù)量限制，也是吸納了包括美方在內(nèi)的各方面意見。事實(shí)充分說(shuō)明，中國(guó)政策法規(guī)透明度越來(lái)越高，營(yíng)商環(huán)境越來(lái)越友好。總之，我們正在朝著正確的方向大踏步前進(jìn)。

The third example is about transparency. Pursuant to the newly revised Legislation Law adopted in March last year, public comment must be sought for any draft law for at least 30 days, and the comments should be made public. This is the first time China has made public consultation a legal obligation of the legislature, which demonstrates the huge progress in legislation transparency in China. In fact, we have fully listened to the views of various sides, including American companies and relevant institutions, and incorporated their reasonable suggestions in making laws and regulations concerning cyber security and foreign NGO management and in introducing policies related to drug regulation and technology innovation. When US companies raised concern about the lack of clarity in the scope of key information infrastructure protection contained in one draft of the Cyber Security Law, the Chinese legislature accepted this and listed specific industries. And when some, including American companies, expressed different views on a provision of the draft overseas NGO law, namely, an overseas NGO is only allowed to set up one representative office in China, their views were accepted as well and the quota restriction was removed in the final version of the law. Facts clearly show that China’s policies and regulations have become more transparent and our business environment more business-friendly. In a word, we are taking big steps in the right direction.

習(xí)近平主席多次強(qiáng)調(diào)，“中國(guó)利用外資的政策不會(huì)變，對(duì)外商投資企業(yè)合法權(quán)益的保障不會(huì)變，為各國(guó)企業(yè)在華投資興業(yè)提供更好服務(wù)的方向不會(huì)變”。這是中國(guó)最高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人和中國(guó)政府的鄭重承諾。中國(guó)能有今天的綜合國(guó)力、人民福祉，得益于對(duì)外開放，對(duì)于這樣已經(jīng)被證明正確的基本國(guó)策，我們?yōu)槭裁床粓?jiān)持呢？如果我們不堅(jiān)持，中國(guó)人民也不會(huì)答應(yīng)。

President Xi Jinping has stressed many times that “China will not change its policy of utilizing foreign investment and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of foreign invested companies in China. Nor will we change our policy direction of providing better services for foreign companies to invest in China.” This is a solemn promise made by the top Chinese leader and the Chinese government. China would not have come this far in comprehensive national strength and people’s well-being had it not been for opening-up. Why would we want to give up this proven basic state policy? The Chinese people would not agree if we were to give it up.

當(dāng)然，現(xiàn)在中國(guó)的開放，不僅是如何引進(jìn)來(lái)，還包括如何走出去。面對(duì)中國(guó)企業(yè)“選擇美國(guó)”，相信美國(guó)各位州長(zhǎng)都會(huì)舉手贊成。否則，我這次來(lái)美國(guó)，州長(zhǎng)協(xié)會(huì)可能不是組織歡迎午餐會(huì)，而是抗議集會(huì)。與此相應(yīng)，中國(guó)企業(yè)能夠在美國(guó)成立總商會(huì)，本身也是美國(guó)歡迎中國(guó)投資的成果。今天這個(gè)午餐會(huì)實(shí)際上是中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作給我本人以及中國(guó)代表團(tuán)帶來(lái)的福利，再次謝謝你們！

Surely, China’s opening-up today is no longer about bringing in alone but is also about going global. And I believe governors in the US will all welcome it if Chinese companies “select USA”. Otherwise, the governors would not welcome me with this luncheon, but rather stage a protesting assembly. The establishment of a China General Chamber of Commerce in the US in itself reflects US keenness to encourage Chinese investment. Today’s luncheon, in this sense, is a boon to me and the Chinese delegation thanks to China-US business cooperation, for which I thank you once again!

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