世衛組織陳馮富珍總干事在第九屆全球健康促進大會上的主旨發言（中英對照版）

The Relevance and Importance of Promoting Health in National SDG Responses

在國家響應可持續發展目標的行動中促進健康至關重要

– Keynote Address at the 9th Global Conference on Health Promotion

——在第九屆全球健康促進大會上的主旨發言

Dr. Margaret Chan, Director-General of the World Health Organization

世界衛生組織總干事  陳馮富珍博士

Shanghai, China

中國  上海

21 November 2016

2016年11月21日

His Excellency Li Keqiang, Madame Liu Yandong, Vice Premier of the State Council of China,

Excellencies, Honourable Ministers, Distinguished Participants, Ladies and Gentlemen,

中國國務院總理李克強閣下，副總理劉延東女士，

各位閣下，尊貴的部長們，尊敬的與會者們，女士們，先生們：

I thank Shanghai, China, for hosting this event and thank Premier Li for gracing this very important Global Conference on Health Promotion.

我感謝中國上海主辦這次活動，感謝李總理能光臨這次非常重要的全球健康促進大會。

The 9th GCHP in Shanghai is a watershed event, not withstanding 30 years ago, when the first ever meeting on health promotion was held, in Canada. In this complex world we are living in, we will learn the solutions, during this Conference, to support the health of the people living in a very complex world.

盡管30年前在加拿大舉行了首屆健康促進會議，但這次在上海舉辦的第九屆全球健康促進大會是個轉折點。我們如今所生活的世界十分復雜，我們要在本次大會期間學習解決辦法，以維護生活在這個極其復雜世界中的人們的健康。

I commend Minister Li Bin and Mr. Ying Yong, Executive Vice Mayor of Shanghai, for making this event a success. Want to thank your leadership.

我贊揚李斌主任和上海市常務副市長應勇先生，你們使這次活動取得成功。感謝你們的領導。

Another important measure taken by the Shanghai Authorities, which is very important and appreciated by this meeting, is the decision to make the airport terminals, railway stations and hotels smoke-free.

上海市政府還采取了另一項非常重要并得到此次會議贊賞的措施，就是決定使機場航站樓、火車站和酒店成為無煙場所。

It goes without saying that China has done a lot in tobacco control, led by Beijing and Shanghai.

不言而喻，中國在煙草控制方面已經做出了許多努力，北京和上海走在了前面。

This is the first conference on health promotion being held under the Sustainable Development Agenda 2030, leaving no one behind.

這是根據《2030年可持續發展議程》舉辦的第一屆健康促進大會，決心做到“不落下任何人”。

At both the national and international levels, the Sustainable Development Goals formally embrace the need for multisectoral collaboration. Working tougher is important to deliver on these Goals.

不論是在國家還是國際層面，可持續發展目標都明確載明了跨部門合作的必要性。攜手工作對于實現這些目標十分重要。

What they do is to recognize that today’s complex health challenges can no longer be addressed by the health sector acting alone.

通過這些目標，人們認識到今天的復雜衛生挑戰不能再單靠衛生部門的行動來解決。

Curbing the rise of antimicrobial resistance requires policy support from agriculture. Abundant evidence shows that educated girls and mothers have the healthiest families.

遏制抗微生物藥物耐藥性的上升需要農業方面的政策支持。大量證據表明，受過教育的女童和母親擁有最健康的家庭。

Access to clean green energy is also important. Green energy drives economic growth, but it also reduces millions of deaths from respiratory and cardiovascular disease associated with air pollution.

獲得清潔的綠色能源也很重要。綠色能源不僅能推動經濟增長，還可使數百萬與空氣污染有關的呼吸道和心血管疾病死亡人數得到減少。

The inclusion of a target for reaching universal health coverage, which is included in Sustainable Development Goal No.3, and includes financial risk protection, gives health the power to build fair, stable, and cohesive societies while also furthering the overarching objective of ending poverty.

在可持續發展目標3中納入實現全民健康覆蓋，包括提供金融風險保護的具體目標，使得能夠通過健康的力量建立公平、穩定和團結的社會，同時促進實現消除貧困的總目標。

Health is an end-point that reflects the success of multiple other goals. Because the determinants of health are so broad, progress in improving health is a reliable indicator of progress in implementing the overall Sustainable Development Agenda.

健康目標的實現同時也能反映許多其它目標的成功。因為健康的決定因素非常廣泛，所以改善健康方面的進展是實施總體可持續發展議程進展的可靠指標。

In the final analysis, the ultimate objective of all development activities, whether aimed at improving food and water supplies or making cities safe, is to sustain human lives in good health.

歸根結底，所有發展活動的最終目標，無論是為了改善糧食和水供應還是為了建設安全城市，都是為了維持人類的健康生活。

We welcome the attention being given to healthy cities, to good governance that follows a whole-of-society approach, and to health literacy as an enabling factor in promoting health.

我們歡迎對營造健康城市的重視，注重以“全社會努力”方針為指導實行善政，注重以健康素養作為推動因素來促進健康。

City mayors hold the power for implementing the SDGs. Mayors can introduce health-promoting measures more easily across all sectors than at the national level.

城市市長擁有實施可持續發展目標的力量。他們可以在各個部門推行健康促進措施，這比在全國范圍推行更加容易。

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development provides the platform for a whole-of-society approach.

《2030年可持續發展議程》為采取“全社會努力”方針提供了平臺。

Health literacy must extend from the personal to the political and policy levels.

健康素養必須從個人層面延伸到政治和政策層面。

Health promotion is essentially about delivering messages that change human behaviours. For example no smoking, healthy diet and more physical activities, and there is nothing harder to do in all of public health.

健康促進從根本上說就是要傳遞可以改變人類行為的信息，例如宣傳不吸煙，健康飲食和增加身體活動等，但這是公共衛生領域最艱巨的任務之一。

Some of the most successful strategies use population-wide interventions to reshape the environments in which people make their lifestyle choices.

一些最成功的策略通過全民干預措施來重塑人們賴以選擇生活方式的環境。

At national and municipal levels, legislative and fiscal measures are among the most effective interventions, but often face stiff and well-funded resistance from powerful industries that market unhealthy products.

在國家和市政兩級，立法和財政措施都屬于最有效的干預措施，但往往面臨來自那些營銷不健康產品的資金充足的強大產業的頑固抵制。

This is why we need health literacy at the political level, in the interest of policy coherence spanning multiple sectors.

因此我們要在政治層面提高健康素養，這樣才能在多個部門之間實現政策一致性。

Ministries of health nearly always have their facts and evidence straight, but ministries of finance, trade, agriculture, and foreign affairs are susceptible to persuasion by industry arguments.

衛生部幾乎總能提出不容置疑的事實和證據，但是財政、貿易、農業和外交部卻容易遭到業界各種論點的爭辯。

The use of plain packaging to reduce tobacco consumption provides a good example. Industry’s first argument is: plain packaging does not work. This argument is not supported by the facts.

通過無裝飾包裝來減少煙草消費便是一個很好的例子。煙草業提出的第一個論點是：無裝飾包裝沒有效果。但事實并非如此。

Plain packaging is a measure, under the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, pioneered in Australia. Following implementation of the country’s plain packaging law, as part of a comprehensive approach to tobacco control, smoking rates fell to historical lows.

無裝飾包裝是根據《世衛組織煙草控制框架公約》率先在澳大利亞實行的一項措施。該國在全面控煙方針下執行無裝飾包裝法律后，吸煙率降至歷史最低水平。

No wonder governments like that France and the United Kingdom have begun implementing plain packaging laws, and New Zealand and Hungary have recently passed laws. Many other countries are close behind.

難怪法國和英國等政府也已開始實行無裝飾包裝法律，并且新西蘭和匈牙利最近也通過了相關法律。許多其它國家正緊隨其后。

The tobacco industry tells ministries in non-health sectors a different story.

但煙草業卻向衛生部門以外的各部委講述了不同的情況。

As industry argues, plain packaging fuels the black market, funds organized crime, and supports international terrorism. Such arguments sound terrifying, but not a shred of evidence supports them.

煙草業狡辯說，無裝飾包裝會促進黑市交易，資助有組織犯罪，并支持國際恐怖主義。這些論點聽起來很可怕，但卻沒有絲毫證據基礎。

This example underscores my principal advice to you. Changing the environment in which people make their lifestyle choices requires extraordinary government commitment, courage, and persistence, even when we have all the facts on our side.

這個例子強調了我要對你們提出的主要建議。要改變人們賴以選擇其生活方式的環境需要政府作出非凡的承諾，表現出非凡的勇氣與堅持不懈精神，即便在所有的事實都證明我們有理時也要如此。

We cannot let health be sacrificed in what looks increasingly like a post-fact, post-truth world.

我們決不能讓健康成為一個似乎越來越忽視事實與真相的世界里的犧牲品。

Tobacco use kills around 6 million people each year. That’s a fact.

吸煙每年導致大約600萬人死亡。這是事實。

Every single one of those deaths is an entirely avoidable tragedy. That’s the truth.

而這些死亡中每一例都是完全可以避免的悲劇。這是真相。

Ladies and gentlemen,

女士們，先生們：

In October, WHO urged governments to introduce taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce their significant contribution to obesity, diabetes, and dental decay. This is in line with the recommendation of the WHO Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity.

今年10月份，世衛組織敦促各國政府對含糖飲料征稅，以減少其對肥胖、糖尿病和蛀牙的顯著影響。這符合世界衛生組織終止兒童肥胖委員會的建議。

Industry’s reaction has been swift, making two predictable arguments. First, soda taxes do not work, despite evidence to the contrary. Second, soda taxes are regressive as they punish the poor.

業界對此迅速作出了反應，提出了兩條預料之中的論據。第一，含糖飲料稅不起作用（盡管有證據表明情況相反）。第二，含糖飲料稅有損窮人因此是倒退性措施。

This argument ignores the fact that it is precisely the poor who suffer most greatly from diet-related diseases.

但這個論點忽視了一個事實，就是遭受飲食相關疾病影響最大的也正是窮人。

Across the world, noncommunicable diseases are the No.1 killers, and if we are talking about health for all people, we must address this very important subject. I urge governments to accept their responsibility to protect children. The argument that lifestyle behaviours are a matter of personal choice does not apply to children. Obesity in children is society’s fault, not theirs.

在世界各地，非傳染性疾病是頭號殺手，如果我們要讓人人享有健康，就必須處理這個非常重要的議題。我敦促各國政府承擔起保護兒童的責任。將生活方式行為視為個人選擇問題的論點不適用于兒童。兒童肥胖是社會而不是兒童自己的過錯。

I wish you a fruitful conference and I certainly wish the 9th Global conference on health promotion a great success.

我祝愿你們的會議富有成果，也衷心祝愿第九屆全球健康促進大會圓滿成功。

Thank you.

謝謝大家。

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