I know what you're thinking. You think I've lost my way, and somebody's going to come on the stage in a minute and guide me gently back to my seat. (Applause) I get that all the time in Dubai. "Here on holiday are you, dear?" (Laughter) "Come to visit the children? How long are you staying?"

我知道你們?cè)谙胧裁茨銈冇X得我迷路了，馬上就會(huì)有人走上臺(tái)溫和地把我?guī)Щ匚业淖簧?。（掌聲）。我在杜拜總?huì)遇上這種事。“來這里度假的嗎，親愛的？”（笑聲）“來探望孩子的嗎？這次要待多久呢？"

Well actually, I hope for a while longer yet. I have been living and teaching in the Gulf for over 30 years. (Applause) And in that time, I have seen a lot of changes. Now that statistic is quite shocking. And I want to talk to you today about language loss and the globalization of English. I want to tell you about my friend who was teaching English to adults in Abu Dhabi. And one fine day, she decided to take them into the garden to teach them some nature vocabulary. But it was she who ended up learning all the Arabic words for the local plants, as well as their uses -- medicinal uses, cosmetics, cooking, herbal. How did those students get all that knowledge? Of course, from their grandparents and even their great-grandparents. It's not necessary to tell you how important it is to be able to communicate across generations.

恩，事實(shí)上，我希望能再待久一點(diǎn)。我在波斯灣這邊生活和教書已經(jīng)超過30年了。（掌聲）。這段時(shí)間里，我看到了很多變化。現(xiàn)在這份數(shù)據(jù)是挺嚇人的，而我今天要和你們說的是有關(guān)語(yǔ)言的消失和英語(yǔ)的全球化。我想和你們談?wù)勎业呐笥?，她在阿布達(dá)比教成人英語(yǔ)。在一個(gè)晴朗的日子里，她決定帶她的學(xué)生到花園去教他們一些大自然的詞匯。但最后卻變成是她在學(xué)習(xí)所有當(dāng)?shù)刂参镌诎⒗Z(yǔ)中是怎么說的。還有這些植物是如何被用作藥材，化妝品烹飪，香草。這些學(xué)生是怎么得到這些知識(shí)的呢？當(dāng)然是從他們的祖父母，甚至曾祖父母那里得來的。不需要我來告訴你們能夠跨世代溝通是多么重要。

But sadly, today, languages are dying at an unprecedented rate. A language dies every 14 days. Now, at the same time, English is the undisputed global language. Could there be a connection? Well I don't know. But I do know that I've seen a lot of changes. When I first came out to the Gulf, I came to Kuwait in the days when it was still a hardship post. Actually, not that long ago. That is a little bit too early. But nevertheless, I was recruited by the British Council along with about 25 other teachers. And we were the first non-Muslims to teach in the state schools there in Kuwait. We were brought to teach English because the government wanted to modernize the country and empower the citizens through education. And of course, the U.K. benefited from some of that lovely oil wealth.

但遺憾的是，今天很多語(yǔ)言正在以前所未有的速度消失。每14天就有一種語(yǔ)言消失，而與此同時(shí)，英語(yǔ)卻無庸置疑地成為全球性的語(yǔ)言。這其中有關(guān)聯(lián)嗎？我不知道但我知道的是，我見證過許多改變。當(dāng)我初次來到波灣，我是去科威特。當(dāng)時(shí)教英文仍然是個(gè)困難的工作。其實(shí)，沒有那么久啦，這有點(diǎn)太久以前了?？傊液推渌?5位老師一起被英國(guó)文化協(xié)會(huì)聘用。我們是第一批非穆斯林的老師，在科威特的國(guó)立學(xué)校任教。我們被派到那里教英語(yǔ)，是因?yàn)楫?dāng)?shù)卣Ｍ麌?guó)家可以現(xiàn)代化并透過教育提升公民的水平。當(dāng)然，英國(guó)也能得到些好處，產(chǎn)油國(guó)可是很有錢的。

Okay. Now this is the major change that I've seen -- how teaching English has morphed from being a mutually beneficial practice to becoming a massive international business that it is today. No longer just a foreign language on the school curriculum. And no longer the sole domain of mother England. It has become a bandwagon for every English-speaking nation on earth. And why not? After all, the best education -- according to the latest World University Rankings -- is to be found in the universities of the U.K. and the U.S. So everybody wants to have an English education, naturally. But if you're not a native speaker, you have to pass a test.

言歸正傳我見過最大的改變,就是英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的蛻變?nèi)绾螐囊粋€(gè)互惠互利的方式變成今天這種大規(guī)模的國(guó)際事業(yè)英語(yǔ)不再是學(xué)校課程里的外語(yǔ)學(xué)科也不再只是英國(guó)的專利英語(yǔ)（教學(xué)）已經(jīng)成為所有英語(yǔ)系國(guó)家追逐的潮流何樂而不為呢？畢竟，最好的教育來自于最好的大學(xué)而根據(jù)最新的世界大學(xué)排名那些名列前茅的都是英國(guó)和美國(guó)的大學(xué)所以自然每個(gè)人都想接受英語(yǔ)教育但如果你不是以英文為母語(yǔ)你就要通過考試。

Now can it be right to reject a student on linguistic ability alone? Perhaps you have a computer scientist who's a genius. Would he need the same language as a lawyer, for example? Well, I don't think so. We English teachers reject them all the time. We put a stop sign, and we stop them in their tracks. They can't pursue their dream any longer, till they get English. Now let me put it this way, if I met a monolingual Dutch speaker who had the cure for cancer, would I stop him from entering my British University? I don't think so. But indeed, that is exactly what we do. We English teachers are the gatekeepers. And you have to satisfy us first that your English is good enough. Now it can be dangerous to give too much power to a narrow segment of society. Maybe the barrier would be too universal.

但僅憑語(yǔ)言能力就拒絕學(xué)生這樣對(duì)嗎？譬如如果你碰到一位計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家他是位天才他會(huì)需要有和律師一樣的語(yǔ)言能力嗎？我不這么認(rèn)為但身為英語(yǔ)老師的我們卻總是拒絕他們我們處處設(shè)限將學(xué)生擋在路上使他們無法再追求自己的夢(mèng)想直到他們通過考試現(xiàn)在容我換一個(gè)方式說如果我遇到了一位只會(huì)說荷蘭話的人而這個(gè)人能治愈癌癥我會(huì)阻止他進(jìn)入我的英國(guó)大學(xué)嗎？我想不會(huì)但事實(shí)上，我們的確在做這種事我們這些英語(yǔ)老師就是把關(guān)的你必須先讓我們滿意使我們認(rèn)定你的英文夠好但這可能是危險(xiǎn)的把太多的權(quán)力交由這么小的一群人把持也許會(huì)令這種障礙太過普及。

Okay. "But," I hear you say, "what about the research? It's all in English." So the books are in English, the journals are done in English, but that is a self-fulfilling prophecy. It feeds the English requirement. And so it goes on. I ask you, what happened to translation? If you think about the Islamic Golden Age, there was lots of translation then. They translated from Latin and Greek into Arabic, into Persian, and then it was translated on into the Germanic languages of Europe and the Romance languages. And so light shone upon the Dark Ages of Europe. Now don't get me wrong; I am not against teaching English, all you English teachers out there. I love it that we have a global language. We need one today more than ever. But I am against using it as a barrier. Do we really want to end up with 600 languages and the main one being English, or Chinese? We need more than that. Where do we draw the line? This system equates intelligence with a knowledge of English which is quite arbitrary.

好"但是"，我聽到你們問"那研究呢?""他們都用英文"書用英文寫期刊也都是用英文但這只是一種理所當(dāng)然的現(xiàn)象有英語(yǔ)要求自然就有英語(yǔ)供給然后就這么循環(huán)下去我倒想問問大家，為什么不用翻譯呢？如果你們想想伊斯蘭的黃金時(shí)代當(dāng)時(shí)翻譯盛行他們把拉丁文和希臘文翻譯成阿拉伯文或波斯文然后再由拉伯文或波斯文翻譯為歐洲的日耳曼語(yǔ)言以及羅曼語(yǔ)言于是文明照亮了歐洲的黑暗時(shí)代但不要誤會(huì)我的意思我不是反對(duì)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)或是在座所有的英語(yǔ)老師我很高興我們有一個(gè)全球性的語(yǔ)言這在今日尤為重要但我反對(duì)用英語(yǔ)設(shè)立障礙難道我們真希望世界上只剩下600種語(yǔ)言其中又以英文或中文為主流？我們需要的不只如此。那么我們?cè)撊绾文媚竽?？這個(gè)體制把智能和英語(yǔ)能力畫上等號(hào)這是相當(dāng)武斷的。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

And I want to remind you that the giants upon whose shoulders today's intelligentsia stand did not have to have English, they didn't have to pass an English test. Case in point, Einstein. He, by the way, was considered remedial at school because he was, in fact, dyslexic. But fortunately for the world, he did not have to pass an English test. Because they didn't start until 1964 with TOEFL, the American test of English. Now it's exploded. There are lots and lots of tests of English. And millions and millions of students take these tests every year. Now you might think, you and me, those fees aren't bad, they're okay, but they are prohibitive to so many millions of poor people. So immediately, we're rejecting them.

我想要提醒你們扶持當(dāng)代知識(shí)分子的這些"巨人肩膀"不必非得具有英文能力他們不需要通過英語(yǔ)考試愛因斯坦就是典型的例子順便說一下，他在學(xué)校還曾被認(rèn)為需要補(bǔ)救教學(xué)因?yàn)樗鋵?shí)有閱讀障礙但對(duì)整個(gè)世界來說,很幸運(yùn)的當(dāng)時(shí)他不需要通過英語(yǔ)考試因?yàn)樗麄冎钡?964年才開始使用托福（一種美式英語(yǔ)測(cè)驗(yàn)）現(xiàn)在英語(yǔ)測(cè)驗(yàn)太泛濫了有太多太多的英語(yǔ)測(cè)驗(yàn)以及成千上萬(wàn)的學(xué)生每年都在參加這些考試現(xiàn)在你會(huì)認(rèn)為，你和我都這么想這些費(fèi)用不貴，價(jià)錢滿合理的但是對(duì)數(shù)百萬(wàn)的窮人來說這些費(fèi)用高不可攀所以當(dāng)下我們又拒絕了他們。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

It brings to mind a headline I saw recently: "Education: The Great Divide." Now I get it, I understand why people would focus on English. They want to give their children the best chance in life. And to do that, they need a Western education. Because, of course, the best jobs go to people out of the Western Universities, that I put on earlier. It's a circular thing.

這使我想起最近看到的一個(gè)新聞標(biāo)題：“教育：大鴻溝”現(xiàn)在我懂了我了解為什么大家都重視英語(yǔ)因?yàn)樗麄兿Ｍo孩子最好的人生機(jī)會(huì)為了達(dá)成這目的，他們需要西方教育畢竟，不可否認(rèn)，最好的工作都留給那些西方大學(xué)畢業(yè)出來的人就像我之前說的這是一種循環(huán)。

Okay. Let me tell you a story about two scientists, two English scientists. They were doing an experiment to do with genetics and the forelimbs and the hind limbs of animals. But they couldn't get the results they wanted. They really didn't know what to do, until along came a German scientist who realized that they were using two words for forelimb and hind limb, whereas genetics does not differentiate and neither does German. So bingo, problem solved. If you can't think a thought, you are stuck. But if another language can think that thought, then, by cooperating, we can achieve and learn so much more.

好，我跟你們說一個(gè)關(guān)于兩位科學(xué)家的故事有兩位英國(guó)科學(xué)家在做一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)是關(guān)于遺傳學(xué)的以及動(dòng)物的前、后肢但他們無法得到他們想要的結(jié)果他們真的不知道該怎么辦直到來了一位德國(guó)的科學(xué)家他發(fā)現(xiàn)在英文里前肢和后肢是不同的二個(gè)字但在遺傳學(xué)上沒有區(qū)別在德語(yǔ)也是同一個(gè)字所以，賓果！問題解決了如果你不能想到一個(gè)念頭你會(huì)卡在那里但如果另一個(gè)語(yǔ)言能想到那念頭然后，透過合作我們可以達(dá)成目的，也學(xué)到更多。

My daughter, came to England from Kuwait. She had studied science and mathematics in Arabic. It's an Arabic medium school. She had to translate it into English at her grammar school. And she was the best in the class at those subjects. Which tells us that, when students come to us from abroad, we may not be giving them enough credit for what they know, and they know it in their own language. When a language dies, we don't know what we lose with that language.

我的女兒從科威特來到英格蘭她在阿拉伯的學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)那是所阿拉伯中學(xué)在學(xué)校里，她得把這些知識(shí)翻譯成英文而她在班上卻是在這些學(xué)科上拿到最好的成績(jī)這告訴我們當(dāng)外籍學(xué)生來找我們我們可能無法針對(duì)他們所知道的給予贊賞因?yàn)槟鞘莵碜杂谒麄兡刚Z(yǔ)的知識(shí)當(dāng)一個(gè)語(yǔ)言消失我們不知道還有什么也一并失去了。

This is -- I don't know if you saw it on CNN recently -- they gave the Heroes Award to a young Kenyan shepherd boy who couldn't study at night in his village like all the village children, because the kerosene lamp, it had smoke and it damaged his eyes. And anyway, there was never enough kerosene, because what does a dollar a day buy for you? So he invented a cost-free solar lamp. And now the children in his village get the same grades at school as the children who have electricity at home. (Applause) When he received his award, he said these lovely words: "The children can lead Africa from what it is today, a dark continent, to a light continent." A simple idea, but it could have such far-reaching consequences.

這是--我不知道各位有沒有看最近的CNN--他們頒了一座英雄獎(jiǎng)給一位年輕的肯亞牧童在他住的村莊里，他和村里其它的孩童一樣無法在夜晚讀書因?yàn)槊河蜔舢a(chǎn)生的煙霧會(huì)弄傷他的眼睛再說，他也沒有足夠的煤油畢竟每天只有一塊美金的收入，你還能買什么？所以他發(fā)明了不需成本的太陽(yáng)能燈現(xiàn)在他們村子里的孩子們大家的成績(jī)都和那些家里有電的孩子相同（掌聲）當(dāng)他拿到他的獎(jiǎng)時(shí)他說了下面這段可愛的話："這些孩子可以帶領(lǐng)非洲這塊黑暗大陸迎向光明"一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的想法卻能有這樣深遠(yuǎn)的影響。

People who have no light, whether it's physical or metaphorical, cannot pass our exams, and we can never know what they know. Let us not keep them and ourselves in the dark. Let us celebrate diversity. Mind your language. Use it to spread great ideas.

沒有“光”的人無論具體來說，還是抽象來說都無法通過我們的測(cè)驗(yàn)我們也無法了解他們擁有的知識(shí)別讓他們和我們自己都身處在黑暗里讓我們一同為多元性歡呼持守你的語(yǔ)言用它來宣揚(yáng)偉大的想法。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Thank you very much.

非常謝謝各位。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

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